Nhoroondo yekuvandudzwa kwepombi yesimbi isina musono
Kugadzirwa kwemapombi esimbi isina musono kwave nemakore anoda kusvika zana. Hama dzekuGerman Mannesmann dzakatanga kugadzira muchina wepipe piercer une mill cross rolling muna 1885, uye muchina wepipe we periodic muna 1891. Muna 1903, Swiss RC stiefel yakagadzira muchina wepipe otomatiki (unozivikanwawo semuchina wepipe wepamusoro). Mushure meizvozvo, michina yakasiyana-siyana yekuwedzera yakaita semuchina wepipe unoenderera mberi uye muchina wepipe jacking yakaonekwa, iyo yakatanga kuumba indasitiri yemazuva ano yepipe yesimbi isina musono. Muma1930, nekuda kwekushandiswa kwemuchina wepipe unotenderera katatu, muchina we extruder uye muchina we periodic cold rolling, mhando nemhando yemapombi esimbi zvakavandudzwa. Muma1960, nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwemuchina wepipe unoenderera mberi uye kubuda kwemuchina wepipe unotenderera katatu, kunyanya kubudirira kwemuchina wekuderedza kushushikana uye muchina we casting unoenderera mberi, kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira kwakavandudzika uye kukwikwidzana pakati pemuchina usina musono nepipe yakasungirirwa kwakawedzerwa. Muma1970, muchina wepipe usina musono nepipe dzakasungirirwa zvaive zvichifambirana nedanho, uye kubuda kwepipe dzesimbi pasi rose kwakawedzera neanopfuura 5% pagore. Kubva muna 1953, China yave ichikoshesa kuvandudzwa kwemapaipi esimbi asina musono, uye pakutanga yakagadzira sisitimu yekugadzira yekumonera mapaipi emhando dzese makuru, epakati nediki. Kazhinji, mapaipi emhangura anoshandisawo maitiro ekumonera nekuboora mapaipi.
Kushandiswa uye kupatsanurwa kwepombi yesimbi isina musono
Kushandiswa:
Pombi yesimbi isina musono imhando yesimbi ine chikamu chehupfumi, iyo inoita basa rakakosha muhupfumi hwenyika. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yepeturu, indasitiri yemakemikari, bhaira, chiteshi chemagetsi, ngarava, kugadzira michina, mota, ndege, ndege, simba, geology, kuvaka, indasitiri yemauto nemamwe madhipatimendi.
Kupatsanura:
① Zvichienderana nechimiro chechikamu: pombi yedenderedzwa nepombi yechikamu chakakosha.
2. Zvichienderana nezvinhu: pombi yesimbi yekabhoni, pombi yesimbi ye alloy, pombi yesimbi isina ngura uye pombi ye composite.
③ zvichienderana nehurongwa hwekubatanidza: pombi yekubatanidza ine shinda uye pombi yakasungirirwa.
④ zvichienderana nemaitiro ekugadzira: pombi dzinopisa dzinotenderedza (extrusion, jacking uye expansion) uye pombi dzinotonhora dzinotenderedza (drawing).
⑤ zvichienderana nechinangwa: pombi yebhoyira, pombi yemafuta, pombi yemapaipi, pombi yekuvaka uye pombi yefetereza yemakemikari.
Tekinoroji yekugadzira pombi yesimbi isina musono
① Maitiro makuru ekugadzira (maitiro makuru ekuongorora) epombi yesimbi isina musono inopfurwa inopisa:
Kugadzirira nekuongorora chubhu isina chinhu → kupisa chubhu isina chinhu → kubooka → kutenderera chubhu → kudziyisa chubhu isina chinhu → saizi (kuderedza) → kurapwa nekupisa → kutwasanudza chubhu yakapedzwa → kupedzisa → kuongorora (isingaparadze, yemuviri uye yemakemikari, bvunzo yebhenji) → kuchengetera zvinhu.
② Maitiro makuru ekugadzira pombi yesimbi isina musono inotonhorera (inodhonzwa)
Kugadzirira kusina chinhu → kusvina nekuzora → kutenderedza kunotonhora (kudhirowa) → kurapwa nekupisa → kutwasanudza → kupedzisa → kuongorora.
Chati yekuyerera kwemaitiro ekugadzira yepombi yesimbi isina musono inopisa yakakungurutswa ndeiyi inotevera:
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-14-2023