OCTG Mapaipianonyanya kushandiswa kuchera mafuta negasi matsime uye kutakura oiri negasi.Zvinosanganisira mapaipi ekuchera oiri, makaseji eoiri, uye pombi dzekubvisa oiri.OCTG Mapaipianonyanya kushandiswa kubatanidza zvibooreso makora uye mabhiti ekuboorera uye kutumira simba rekuchera.Petroleum casing inonyanya kushandiswa kutsigira tsime panguva yekuchera uye mushure mekupedzwa, kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakajairika kwegomba rose remafuta panguva yekuchera uye mushure mekupedza.Oiri negasi zviri pasi pechitsime chemafuta zvinonyanya kutakurwa kuenda kumusoro nechubhu yekupomba mafuta.
Oiri casing ndiyo nzira yehupenyu yekuchengetedza kushanda kwematsime eoiri.Nekuda kweakasiyana mamiriro e geological, iyo yekushushikana mamiriro epasi pevhu yakaoma, uye zvakasanganiswa mhedzisiro yekunetsana, kudzvanya, kukotama, uye torsion kushushikana pane casing muviri zvinoisa zvakakwirira zvinodikanwa zvemhando yecasing pachayo.Kana iyo casing pachayo yakuvadzwa nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero, inogona kutungamira mukudzikiswa kwekugadzira kana kukwenya kwetsime rose.
Zvinoenderana nesimba resimbi pachayo, casing inogona kukamurwa kuita akasiyana simbi mamakisi, anoti J55, K55, N80, L80, C90, T95, P110, Q125, V150, etc. Simbi yegiredhi inoshandiswa inosiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvakanaka. uye kudzika.Munzvimbo dzine corrosion, zvinodikanwa zvakare kuti casing pachayo ine corrosion resistance.Munzvimbo dzine mamiriro akaoma e geological, zvinodikanwawo kuti casing ine anti collapse performance.
I.ruzivo rwekutanga OCTG Pipe
1, Mazwi akasarudzika ane chekuita nepetroleum pombi tsananguro
API: ndiyo chidimbu cheAmerican Petroleum Institute.
OCTG: Ndiko kupfupikiswa kweOil Country Tubular Goods, zvinoreva kuti mafuta-chaiwo tubing, kusanganisira yapera mafuta casing, pombi yekuchera, dhiri makora, hoops, mapfupi majoini zvichingodaro.
Oiri Tubing: Tubing inoshandiswa mumatsime emafuta ekubvisa oiri, kubviswa gasi, jekiseni remvura uye kutsemuka kweasidhi.
Casing: Tubing inodzikiswa kubva pamusoro penyika kupinda mugomba rakacherwa senzira kudzivirira kudonha kwemadziro etsime.
Pombi yekuchera: Pombi inoshandiswa pakuchera zvibhorani.
Pipe yemutsetse: Pombi inoshandiswa kutakura oiri kana gasi.
Denderedzwa: Masilinda anoshandiswa kubatanidza mapaipi maviri ane shinda neshinda dzemukati.
Coupling material: Pipe inoshandiswa kugadzira mabira.
API Threads: Pipe shinda dzakatsanangurwa ne API 5B yakajairika, kusanganisira mafuta pombi dzakatenderedza shinda, casing pfupi kutenderera shinda, casing refu kutenderera shinda, casing offset trapezoidal shinda, line pombi tambo zvichingodaro.
Special Buckle: Isiri-API tambo dzine yakakosha yekuisa chisimbiso zvivakwa, yekubatanidza zvivakwa uye zvimwe zvivakwa.
Kukundikana: deformation, kuputsika, kukuvara kwepamusoro uye kurasikirwa kwebasa rekutanga pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo ebasa.Mafomu makuru ekukundikana kwemafuta casing ndeaya: extrusion, slippage, kuputika, kuvuza, kukora, kusungirirana, kupfeka uye zvichingodaro.
2, Petroleum inoenderana zviyero
API 5CT: Casing uye Tubing Tsanangudzo (ikozvino yazvino vhezheni ye8th edition)
API 5D: Drill pombi yakatarwa (iyo yazvino vhezheni ye5th edition)
API 5L: pombi simbi pombi yakatarwa (iyo yazvino vhezheni ye44th edition)
API 5B: Tsanangudzo yekugadzira, kuyera uye kuongororwa kwecasing, pombi yemafuta uye tambo pombi pombi.
GB/T 9711.1-1997: Tekinoroji mamiriro ekuunza pombi dzesimbi dzekutakura oiri uye gasi indasitiri Chikamu 1: Giredhi A mapaipi esimbi
GB/T9711.2-1999: Tekinoroji mamiriro ekuunza mapombi esimbi ekutakura mafuta uye gasi indasitiri Chikamu 2: Giredhi B simbi mapaipi
GB/T9711.3-2005: Unyanzvi Mamiriro eKuendeswa kweSimbi Mapaipi eKutakurwa kwePetroleum uye Natural Gasi Indasitiri Chikamu 3: Giredhi C Steel Pipe
Ⅱ.Pombi yemafuta
1. Kurongwa kwepombi dzemafuta
Mapombi emafuta akakamurwa kuva Asiri-Kugumbura (NU) tubing, External Upset (EU) tubing, uye akabatanidzwa akabatana tubing.Non-Upset tubing inoreva pombi inoperera yakasungwa isina kukobvu uye yakashongedzerwa nekubatanidza.External Upset tubing inoreva pombi mbiri dzakakobvurwa kunze, dzozoiswa shinda nekuiswa zvisungiso.Integrated joint tubing zvinoreva pombi yakabatana zvakananga pasina kubatanidzwa, imwe magumo yakarukwa neshinda yekunze yakakora nemukati uye imwe magumo yakarukwa neshinda yemukati yakakora nekunze.
2.Basa rehubhu
①, kubviswa kwemafuta uye gasi: mushure mekunge mafuta negasi matsime acherwa uye akaiswa simende, tubing inoiswa mugasi remafuta kuburitsa oiri negasi pasi.
②, jekiseni remvura: kana kudzvanywa kwegomba kusina kukwana, jekiseni mvura mutsime kuburikidza netubhing.
③, Steam jekiseni: Mukuita kwekupisa kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta akakora, chiutsi chinofanira kuiswa kutsime nemapombi emafuta akaiswa insulated.
(iv) Acidizing uye fracturing: Muchikamu chekupedzisira chekuchera matsime kana kuti kuvandudza kugadzirwa kwemafuta negasi matsime, zvinodikanwa kuisa acidizing uye fracturing yepakati kana kurapa zvinhu kune mafuta uye gasi layer, uye yepakati uye. kurapa zvinhu zvinotakurwa kuburikidza nepombi yemafuta.
3.Steel giredhi yepombi yemafuta
Magiredhi esimbi epombi yemafuta ndeaya: H40, J55, N80, L80, C90, T95, P110.
N80 yakakamurwa kuita N80-1 uye N80Q, izvo zviviri zvakafanana tensile zvivakwa zvakafanana, misiyano miviri iyi mamiriro ekutumira uye kukanganisa kwekuita misiyano, N80-1 kuburitswa neyakajairwa mamiriro kana kana tembiricha yekupedzisira yakakwira kupfuura yakakosha tembiricha Ar3 uye kudzikiswa kwekunetsekana mushure mekutonhora kwemhepo, uye inogona kushandiswa kutsvaga dzimwe nzira dze normalizing inopisa-yakakungurutswa, kukanganisa uye kusaparadza kuyedza hakudiwi;N80Q inofanirwa kudzikamiswa (kudzima nekudzikamisa) Kurapa kwekupisa, kuita basa kunofanirwa kuenderana nezvinopihwa zve API 5CT, uye kunofanirwa kunge kuri kuyedza kusaparadza.
L80 yakakamurwa kuita L80-1, L80-9Cr uye L80-13Cr.Zvimiro zvavo zvemagetsi uye chimiro chekutumira zvakafanana.Misiyano mukushandiswa, kuomerwa kwekugadzira uye mutengo, L80-1 yerudzi rwese, L80- 9Cr uye L80-13Cr yakakwira corrosion resistance tubing, kuoma kwekugadzira, kudhura, kunowanzoshandiswa kumatsime anorema ekuora.
C90 uye T95 zvakakamurwa kuva mhando 1 uye mhando 2, kureva, C90-1, C90-2 uye T95-1, T95-2.
4.Inowanzo shandiswa giredhi resimbi, giredhi uye mamiriro ekutumira pombi yemafuta
Simbi giredhi giredhi Delivery mamiriro
J55 pombi yemafuta 37Mn5 yakadzika pombi yemafuta: inopisa yakakungurutswa pane yakajairika
Pombi yemafuta yakakora: hurefu hwakazara hwakajairwa mushure mekukora.
N80-1 tubing 36Mn2V Flat-type tubing: inopisa-yakakungurutswa pane yakajairwa
Pombi yemafuta yakakora: hurefu hwakazara hwakajairwa mushure mekukora
N80-Q pombi yemafuta 30Mn5 yakazara-kureba tempering
L80-1 pombi yemafuta 30Mn5 yakazara-kureba tempering
P110 pombi yemafuta 25CrMnMo yakazara-kureba kupisa
J55 kubatanidza 37Mn5 inopisa yakakungurutswa pa-line normalization
N80 kubatanidza 28MnTiB yakazara-kureba tempering
L80-1 kubatanidza 28MnTiB yakazara-kureba tempering
P110 Clamps 25CrMnMo Hurefu Hwakazara Hunyoro
Ⅲ.Casing
1, Kuronga uye basa recasing
Casing ipombi yesimbi inotsigira madziro emafuta uye gasi matsime.Zvikamu zvinoverengeka zvecasing zvinoshandiswa mune imwe neimwe tsime zvichienderana nekudzika kwakasiyana kwekuchera uye geological mamiriro.Simende inoshandiswa kusimbisa casing mushure mekunge yadzikiswa mutsime, uye kusiyana nepombi yemafuta uye pombi yekuchera, haigone kushandiswa zvakare uye ndeyezvinhu zvinoraswa.Naizvozvo, kushandiswa kwekasikisi kunodarika 70% yemafuta ese machubhu.Casing inogona kuiswa mu: conduit, pamusoro casing, tekinoroji casing uye oiri casing zvinoenderana nekushandiswa kwayo, uye zvimiro zvavo mumatsime emafuta zvinoratidzwa pazasi mufananidzo.
2.Conductor casing
inonyanya kushandiswa kuchera mugungwa uye mugwenga kuparadzanisa mvura yegungwa nejecha kuti ive nechokwadi chekufambira mberi kwakanaka kwekuchera, tsanangudzo huru yeiyi 2.casing ndeye: Φ762mm(30in)×25.4mm, Φ762mm(30in)×19.06mm.
Surface casing: Inonyanya kushandiswa kuchera kwekutanga, kudhirowa kuvhura pamusoro peiyo yakasununguka strata kune dombo, kuitira kuvhara ichi chikamu che strata kubva pakudonha, chinoda kuvharwa nechisimbiso chepamusoro.Mamiriro makuru eiyo yepamusoro casing: 508mm (20in), 406.4mm (16in), 339.73mm (13-3/8in), 273.05mm (10-3/4in), 244.48mm (9-5/9in), nezvimwewo. Kudzika kwepombi yekudzikisa kunoenderana nekudzika kwekuumbwa kwakapfava.Kudzika kwepombi yepasi kunoenderana nekudzika kweiyo loose stratum, iyo inowanzoita 80 ~ 1500 m.Kumanikidza kwayo kwekunze nemukati hakuna hombe, uye kazhinji inotora K55 simbi giredhi kana N80 simbi giredhi.
3.Technical casing
Unyanzvi casing inoshandiswa mukuchera maitiro ezvakaoma maumbirwo.Paunenge uchisangana nezvikamu zvakaoma senge rakadonha layer, mafuta layer, gasi layer, mvura layer, leakage layer, salt paste layer, nezvimwe, zvinodikanwa kuisa pasi tekinoroji casing kuti isimbise, zvikasadaro kuchera hakugone kuitwa.Mamwe matsime akadzika uye akaoma, uye kudzika kwetsime kunosvika zviuru zvemamita, rudzi urwu rwematsime akadzika anofanirwa kuisa pasi akati wandei akaturikidzana etekinoroji casing, midziyo yayo yemagetsi uye yekuisa chisimbiso zvinodiwa zvakanyanya, kushandiswa kwesimbi mamakisi ari. uyewo yakakwirira, kuwedzera kuK55, kunyanya kushandiswa kweN80 neP110 mamakisi, mamwe matsime akadzika anoshandiswawo muQ125 kana kunyange yakakwirira isiri-API mamakisi, akadai seV150.iyo mikuru yekumisikidzwa kweiyo tekinoroji casing ndeiyi: 339.73 Mamiriro makuru ehunyanzvi casing ndeaya anotevera: 339.73mm(13-3/8in), 273.05mm(10-3/4in), 244.48mm(9-5/8in), 219.08mm(8-5/8in), 193.68mm(7-5/8in), 177.8mm(7in) zvichingodaro.
4. Oil casing
Kana tsime rakadhizirwa kune yekuenda layer (iyo layer ine oiri uye gasi), zvinodikanwa kushandisa ganda remafuta kuvhara mafuta uye gasi layer uye yekumusoro yakavhurika strata, uye mukati meoiri casing ndiyo mafuta layer. .Oiri casing mumhando dzese dzekasi muyakadzika tsime kudzika, mashandiro ayo emuchina uye yekuisa chisimbiso mashandiro ezvinodiwa zvakare akanyanya, kushandiswa kwesimbi giredhi K55, N80, P110, Q125, V150 zvichingodaro.Mamiriro makuru ekuumba casing ndeaya: 177.8mm(7in), 168.28mm(6-5/8in), 139.7mm(5-1/2in), 127mm(5in), 114.3mm(4-1/2in), nezvimwewo. . Iyo casing ndiyo yakadzika pakati pemhando dzese dzematsime, uye kuita kwayo kwemakanika uye kuvharika kwekuita ndiko kwepamusoro.
V. Drill pombi
1, Kuronga uye basa repombi yekuchera maturusi
Sikweya yekubooresa pombi, pombi yekuboorera, pombi yekubooresa yakaremerwa uye collar yekuboorera mumaturusi ekuchera zvinoumba pombi yekuchera.Pombi yekubooresa ndiyo core drilling tool inodhiraivha bhiti kubva pasi kusvika pasi petsime, uye zvakare mugero unobva pasi uchienda pasi petsime.Iine mabasa makuru matatu: ① kutamisa torque kutyaira chidimbu chekuboora;② kuvimba nehuremu hwayo kuti iite kudzvanya pachibhorani chekupwanya dombo pazasi petsime;③ kuendesa mvura yekugezesa matsime, kureva kuti, madhaka ekuchera nepasi kuburikidza nemapombi edhaka anodzvanyirirwa, kupinda muchibhorani chembiru yekucheresa kuti iyerere muzasi metsime kuti abvise tsvina padombo uye kutonhodza chibhorani, uye takura marara ematombo kuburikidza ne annular space pakati pekunze kwembiru uye rusvingo rwetsime kuti udzokere pasi, kuitira kuti uwane chinangwa chekuchera tsime.Drill pombi mukudhirowa kuti umire kwakasiyana-siyana kwakaomarara kuchinjisa mitoro, senge tensile, compression, torsion, kukotama uye kumwe kushushikana, iyo yemukati nzvimbo zvakare iri pasi pepamusoro-kudzvanywa madhaka uye ngura.
(1) square drill pombi: square drill pombi ine marudzi maviri e quadrilateral type uye hexagonal type, mafuta ekuChina ekubooresa tsvimbo imwe neimwe yekoramu yekuboorera inowanzo shandisa quadrilateral type yekuchera pombi.Zvinotaurwa nezvayo ndeizvi: 63.5mm (2-1/2in), 88.9mm (3-1/2in), 107.95mm (4-1/4in), 133.35mm (5-1/4in), 152.4mm (6in) uye zvichingodaro.Kazhinji hurefu hunoshandiswa ndeye 12 ~ 14.5m.
(2) Pombi yekuchera: Pombi yekuchera ndicho chishandiso chikuru chekuchera matsime, chakabatana nechepazasi pepombi yekucheresa sikweya, uye sezvo tsime rekuchera richiramba richidzika, pombi yekuchera inoramba ichirebesa mbiru yekuchera imwe neimwe.Madiro epombi yekuchera ndeiyi: 60.3mm (2-3/8in), 73.03mm (2-7/8in), 88.9mm (3-1/2in), 114.3mm (4-1/2in), 127mm (5in). ), 139.7mm (5-1/2in) zvichingodaro.
(3) Weighted Drill Pipe: Weighted drill pombi ishanduko yekubatanidza pombi yekubooresa uye yekubooresa kora, inogona kuvandudza simba rekuita kwepombi yekuboorera pamwe nekuwedzera kudzvanywa kwechibhorani.Mamiriro makuru ehuremu hwekuchera pombi i88.9mm (3-1/2in) uye 127mm (5in).
(4) Drill collar: chibooreso chakabatana nechepazasi pepombi yekuboorera, inova pombi yakakobvu-yakasimba uye inosimba zvakanyanya, ichimanikidza chibhorani chekupwanya dombo, uye inogona kuita kutungamira kuchera matsime akatwasuka.Izvo zvinozivikanwa zvechibooreso collar ndezvi: 158.75mm (6-1/4in), 177.85mm (7in), 203.2mm (8in), 228.6mm (9in) zvichingodaro.
V. Mutsara pombi
1, Kusarudzwa kwemutsetse pombi
Mutsetse wepombi inoshandiswa muindasitiri yemafuta uye gasi kutakura oiri, mafuta akacheneswa, gasi rechisikigo uye mapaipi emvura ane pombi yesimbi kwenguva pfupi.Kutakurwa kwepombi dzeoiri negasi dzinonyanya kukamurwa kuita pombi huru, pombi yebazi uye pombi yedhorobha netiweki pombi marudzi matatu, iyo huru pombi yekufambisa mutsara yezvakajairwa zvakatemwa zve ∮ 406 ~ 1219mm, kukora kwemadziro kwe10 ~ 25mm, simbi giredhi X42 ~ X80;pombi yebazi uye pombi yedhorobha pombi yetiweki pombi yezvakajairwa zvakatemwa zve # 114 ~ 700mm, kukora kwemadziro kwe6 ~ 20mm, simbi giredhi X42 ~ X80.Madimikira akajairika emapaipi ekudyisa uye mapaipi emudhorobha ari 114-700mm, ukobvu hwemadziro 6-20mm, simbi giredhi X42-X80.
Mutsara pombi ane welded simbi pombi, anewo musono simbi pombi, welded simbi pombi rinoshandiswa kupfuura musono simbi pombi.
2、Mutsetse wepombi chiyero
Mutsetse wepombi chiyero ndeye API 5L "pipeline simbi pombi yakatarwa", asi China muna 1997 yakashambadzira miviri yenyika zviyero zvepombi pombi: GB/T9711.1-1997 "indasitiri yemafuta negesi, chikamu chekutanga chehunyanzvi mamiriro ekuunza pombi yesimbi. : A-giredhi simbi pombi" uye GB / T9711.2-1997 "mafuta uye gasi indasitiri, chikamu chechipiri chehunyanzvi mamiriro ekuunza pombi yesimbi: B-giredhi simbi pombi".Steel Pipe", aya maviri zviyero akaenzana neAPI 5L, vazhinji vashandisi vepamba vanoda kupihwa kweaya maviri enyika zviyero.
3, Pamusoro pePSL1 uye PSL2
PSL ndiyo chidimbu cheyero yechigadzirwa.Mutsara pombi chigadzirwa kutsanangurwa nhanho yakakamurwa kuita PSL1 uye PSL2, inogona zvakare kutaurwa kuti nhanho yemhando yakakamurwa kuita PSL1 uye PSL2.PSL1 yakakwira kupfuura PSL2, iyo 2 yekumisikidza nhanho haingori yakasiyana bvunzo zvinodiwa, uye chimiro chemakemikari, michina zvivakwa zvinodiwa zvakasiyana, saka zvinoenderana ne API 5L kurongeka, mazwi echibvumirano mukuwedzera kutsanangura zvakatemwa, simbi giredhi. uye zvimwe zvinozivikanwa zviratidzo, asi zvakare inofanira kuratidza chigadzirwa Specification level, kureva, PSL1 kana PSL2.
PSL2 mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari, tensile zvivakwa, simba rekuita, kuyedza kusaparadza uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvakaomarara kupfuura PSL1.
4, pombi pombi simbi giredhi uye makemikari zvinoriumba
Mutsara pombi simbi giredhi kubva pasi kusvika kumusoro rakakamurwa kuva: A25, A, B, X42, X46, X52, X60, X65, X70 uye X80.
5, mutsara wepombi yemvura kudzvinyirirwa uye kwete-inoparadza zvinodiwa
Mutsara pombi inofanira kuitwa bazi nebazi hydraulic test, uye chiyero hachibvumiri kusaparadza chizvarwa che hydraulic pressure, iyo iriwo musiyano mukuru pakati pe API standard uye mitemo yedu.
PSL1 haidi kuyedza kusaparadza, PSL2 inofanirwa kunge isiri inoparadza yekuyedza bazi nebazi.
VI.Premium Connection
1, Kuunzwa kwePrimum Yekubatanidza
Special buckle yakasiyana neAPI shinda ine yakakosha chimiro chepombi shinda.Kunyangwe iyo iripo API yakarukwa yemafuta casing ichishandiswa zvakanyanya mukushandiswa kwemafuta mutsime, kukanganisa kwayo kunoratidzwa zvakajeka munzvimbo yakakosha yemamwe minda yemafuta: iyo API yakatenderera yakarukwa pombi column, kunyangwe kuita kwayo chisimbiso kuri nani, simba rekusimba rinotakurwa neyakarukwa. chikamu chakangofanana ne60% kusvika ku80% yesimba remuviri wepombi, saka haigoni kushandiswa mukushandiswa kwematsime akadzika;iyo API yakarerekera trapezoidal threaded pombi column, iyo tensile kuita kweiyo shinda yakangofanana nesimba remuviri wepombi, saka haigone kushandiswa mumatsime akadzika;API yakarerekera trapezoidal yakarukwa pombi column, yayo tensile kuita hakuna kunaka.Kunyange zvazvo kushanda kwekoramu kwakakwirira kudarika iyo yeAPI yakatenderera tambo yekubatanidza, kuisa chisimbiso kwayo hakuna kunyatsonaka, saka haigoni kushandiswa mukushandiswa kwematsime emagetsi emhepo;uyezve, girisi yakarukwa inogona chete kuita basa rayo munharaunda ine tembiricha iri pasi pe95 ℃, saka haigone kushandiswa mukushandiswa kwematsime ekupisa kwepamusoro.
Kuenzaniswa neAPI kutenderera tambo uye chikamu trapezoidal tambo yekubatanidza, Premium Connection yafambira mberi mune zvinotevera zvinhu:
(1) chisimbiso chakanaka, kuburikidza nedhizaini ye elastic uye simbi yekuisa chisimbiso chimiro, kuitira kuti iyo yakabatana gasi yekuisa chisimbiso kuramba isvike painogumira tubing muviri mukati mekumanikidzwa kwegoho;
(2) kusimba kwakakwira kwekubatanidza, nePrimum Yekubatanidza yekubatanidza yeoiri casing, simba rekubatanidza rinosvika kana kudarika simba remuviri wechubhu, kugadzirisa dambudziko rekutsvedza zvakanyanya;
(3) neKusarudzwa kweNyaya uye kuvandudzwa kwemaitiro ekurapwa kwepamusoro, zvakagadzirisa dambudziko reshinda yekunamatira bhandi;
(4) kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kwechigadziro, kuitira kuti kugovera kwekushushikana kwekubatana kuwedzere kunzwisisika, kunobatsira pakurwisana nekushungurudzika kwekuora mwoyo;
(5) kuburikidza nechimiro chepfudzi chekugadzirwa kunonzwisisika, kuitira kuti pane buckle kushanda kuri nyore kuita.
Parizvino, nyika yakagadzira anopfuura zana emhando dzePremium Connections ine patented tekinoroji.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-21-2024