Simbi yeKabhoni
Simbi ine hunhu hwemakanika hunonyanya kutsamira pahuwandu hwekabhoni musimbi uye iyo isina zvinhu zvakakosha zvekubatanidza zvinowanzowedzerwa, dzimwe nguva inonzi kabhoni isina chinhu kana simbi yekabhoni.
Simbi yekabhoni, inonziwo simbi yekabhoni, inoreva alloys dzesimbi-kabhoni dzine pasi pe2% carbon WC.
Simbi yekabhoni inowanzova nesilicon, manganese, sarufa uye phosphorus zvishoma pamwe chete nekabhoni.
Zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwesimbi yekabhoni, simbi yekabhoni inogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu zvesimbi yekuvaka, simbi yekabhoni yekushandisa uye simbi yekuvaka yakasununguka, simbi yekuvaka kabhoni yakakamurwa kuita mhando mbiri dzesimbi yekuvaka nekugadzira michina;
Zvinoenderana nepfungwa yekunyungudutsa, nzira yekunyungudutsa inogona kukamurwa kuita simbi yefuremu yakatsetseka, simbi inochinja uye simbi yemagetsi yefuremu;
Zvichienderana nenzira yekubvisa oxidation, inogona kukamurwa kuita simbi inofashaira (F), simbi isina chinhu (Z), simbi isina chinhu (b) uye simbi isina chinhu (TZ);
Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekabhoni, simbi yekabhoni inogona kukamurwa kuita simbi ine kabhoni shoma (WC ≤ 0.25%), simbi ine kabhoni yepakati (WC 0.25%-0.6%) uye simbi ine kabhoni yakawanda (WC> 0.6%);
Zvichienderana nephosphorus, huwandu hwesarufa musimbi yekabhoni hunogona kukamurwa kuita simbi yakajairika yekabhoni (ine phosphorus, sarufa yakakwira), simbi yekabhoni yepamusoro (ine phosphorus, sarufa yakaderera) uye simbi yepamusoro (ine phosphorus, sarufa yakaderera) uye simbi yepamusoro-soro.
Kana kabhoni yakawanda musimbi yekabhoni, kuoma kwayo kunowedzera, simba rayo rinowedzera, asi plasticity yakaderera.
Simbi isina ngura
Simbi isingapindi acid inonzi simbi isingapindi acid, iyo inoumbwa nezvikamu zviviri zvikuru: simbi isingapindi acid uye simbi isingapindi acid. Muchidimbu, simbi inogona kuramba ngura mumhepo inonzi simbi isingapindi acid, nepo simbi inogona kuramba ngura nemakemikari inonzi simbi isingapindi acid. Simbi isingapindi acid isimbi ine alloy yakawanda ine anopfuura 60% yesimbi se matrix, ichiwedzera chromium, nickel, molybdenum nezvimwe zvinhu zvinobatanidza.
Kana simbi iyi iine chromium inopfuura 12%, simbi iri mumhepo uye inonyungudutsa nitric acid hazviiti nyore kuiparadza nekuita ngura. Chikonzero ndechekuti chromium inogona kugadzira jira rakamanikana re chromium oxide film pamusoro pesimbi, zvichidzivirira simbi kubva mukuora. Simbi isina ngura iri mu chromium yakawanda inowanzopfuura 14%, asi simbi isina ngura haina ngura zvachose. Munzvimbo dziri kumahombekombe kana kusvibiswa kwakanyanya kwemhepo, kana huwandu hwe chloride ion yemhepo hwakakura, pamusoro pesimbi isina ngura inoonekwa mumhepo inogona kunge iine mamwe mavara engura, asi aya mavara engura anongogumira pamusoro, haazoparadzi matrix yemukati mesimbi isina ngura.
Kazhinji, huwandu hwesimbi yechrome Wcr inopfuura 12% hune hunhu hwesimbi isina ngura, simbi isina ngura zvichienderana nechimiro chayo mushure mekupisa inogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvishanu: zvinoti, simbi isina ngura yeferrite, simbi isina ngura yemartensitic, simbi isina ngura yeaustenitic, simbi isina ngura yeaustenitic - ferrite uye simbi isina ngura yeprecipitated carbonized.
Simbi isina chinhu inowanzo patsanurwa nehurongwa hwematrix:
1, simbi isina ngura yeferritic. Ine 12% kusvika 30% chromium. Kuramba kwayo ngura, kuomarara uye kuchinjika pamwe nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwechromium uye kuwedzera chloride stress. Kuramba kwayo ngura kuri nani pane mamwe marudzi esimbi isina ngura.
2, simbi isina tsvina ye austenitic. Ine chromium inopfuura 18%, inewo 8% nickel uye molybdenum shoma, titanium, nitrogen nezvimwe zvinhu. Kushanda kwakakwana kwakanaka, kunogona kudzivirira ngura dzakasiyana-siyana.
3、Austenitic – simbi isina ngura yeferritic duplex. Simbi isina ngura yeaustenitic neyeferritic, uye ine zvakanakira zve superplasticity.
4, simbi isina tsvina inonzi martensitic. Simba rayo guru, asi haina kunaka uye haichinjiki zvakanaka.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-15-2023