Chii chinonzi flange?
Flange kwenguva pfupi, izwi rakajairika, rinowanzoreva kune yakafanana dhisiki-yakaita simbi muviri kuvhura mashoma akagadzika makomba, anoshandiswa kubatanidza zvimwe zvinhu, rudzi urwu rwechinhu chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumakina, saka rinotaridzika zvishoma, se. Kureba ichizivikanwa seflange, zita rayo rinotorwa kubva kuChirungu flange.kuitira kuti pombi uye pombi kubatanidzwa kwezvikamu, zvakabatana kumagumo epombi, iyo flange ine aperture, screws kuita maviri flanges Yakanyatsobatanidzwa, pakati peflange ine gasket chisimbiso.
Flange idisk-shaped parts, iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa muinjiniya yepombi, flange inoshandiswa mumaviri.
Nezve marudzi ekubatana kweflange, pane zvinhu zvitatu:
- Pipe flanges
- Gasket
- Bolt kubatana
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, pane chaiyo gasket uye bhaudhi zvinhu zvakawanikwa zvinogadzirwa kubva kune imwecheteyo chinhu sechikamu chepombi flange.Mafurange anonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeesimbi isina tsvina.Flanges, kune rumwe rutivi, inowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana kuitira kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa zvesaiti.Zvimwe zvezvinhu zvakajairika zveflange ndeye monel, inconel, uye chrome molybdenum, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa saiti.Sarudzo yakanakisa yezvinhu inofanirwa kuenderana nerudzi rwesystem yaunoshuvira kushandisa flange ine chaiyo zvinodiwa.
7 Mhando Dzakajairika dzeFlanges
Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana emaflange anogona kusarudzwa maererano nezvinodiwa zvesaiti.Kuti uenderane nekugadzirwa kweiyo flange yakakodzera, kushanda kwakavimbika pamwe nehupenyu hurefu hwebasa hunofanirwa kuve hwakasimbiswa uye mutengo wakakodzera unofanirwa kutariswa.
1. threaded flange:
Maflange ane shinda, ane shinda mubhobo reflange, anoiswa neshinda dzekunze pafitting.Threaded yekubatanidza pano inoitirwa kudzivirira welding mune zvese zviitiko.Inonyanya kubatanidzwa nekufananidza tambo nepombi kuti iiswe.
2. Socket weld flanges
Rudzi urwu rweflange runowanzo shandiswa kune mapombi madiki uko dhayamita yeyakadzika tembiricha uye yakaderera kudzvanywa nharaunda inoratidzirwa nekubatanidza iyo pombi inoiswa mukati meiyo flange kuve nechokwadi chekubatana neiyo imwe chete kana yakawanda-nzira fillet weld.Izvi zvinodzivirira zvipingamupinyi zvine chekuita netambo dzakarukwa kana zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe mhando dzakasungirirwa flange, nekudaro kuita kuti kuisirwa kuve nyore.
3. Lap flanges
Lap flange imhando yeflange inoda kuti stub end kuti ive yakasungirirwa butt kusvika pafitting kuitira kuti ishandiswe nerutsigiro flange kugadzira chinongedzo chine flanged.Iyi dhizaini yakaita kuti nzira iyi ive yakakurumbira mune akasiyana masisitimu apo nzvimbo yemuviri inogumira, kana uko kunowanzo disassembly kunodiwa, kana uko dhigirii repamusoro rekuchengetedza rinodiwa.
4. Sliding flanges
Sliding flanges yakajairika uye inowanikwa muhukuru hwakasiyana-siyana kuti ienderane nemasisitimu ane kuyerera kwakanyanya uye maburi.Kungofananidza flange kune dhayamita yekunze kwepombi kunoita kuti kubatana kuve nyore kwazvo kuisa.Kuiswa kweaya maflange kudiki hunyanzvi sezvo zvinoda fillet welding pamativi ese kuti uchengetedze flange kune pombi.
5. Mapofu mapofu
Aya marudzi emaflange akanyatsokodzera kugumiswa kwepombi masisitimu.Bofu ndiro rakaumbwa sedhisiki risina chinhu rinogona kuvharwa.Kana izvi zvanyatsoiswa uye zvakasanganiswa neiyo gasket chaiyo, inobvumira chisimbiso chakanakisa uye chiri nyore kubvisa kana ichidikanwa.
6. Weld Neck Flanges
Weld neck flanges dzakanyanya kufanana ne lap flanges, asi inoda butt welding yekuiswa.Uye kutendeseka kwekuita kwegadziriro ino uye kugona kwayo kukotama kakawanda uye kushandiswa mukumanikidza kwakanyanya uye tembiricha yepamusoro inoita kuti ive sarudzo yekutanga yekupomba pombi.
7. Specialty flanges
Mhando iyi yeflange ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa.Nekudaro, kune huwandu hwakasiyana hwekuwedzera akasarudzika flange marudzi anowanikwa kuti aenderane akasiyana ekushandisa uye nharaunda.Kune dzimwe nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakadai se nipo flanges, weldo flanges, kuwedzera flanges, orifices, marefu weld mitsipa uye kuderedza flanges.
5 Mhando Dzakakosha dzeFlanges
1. WeldoFlange
Weldo flange yakafanana zvikuru neNipo flange sezvo iri musanganiswa webutt-welding flanges uye kubatanidza kwebazi.Weldo flanges anogadzirwa kubva pachidimbu chimwe chesimbi yakasimba, pane kuti zvikamu zvega zvinobatanidzwa pamwechete.
2. Nipo flange
Nipoflange ipombi yebazi yakarerekera pakona ye90 madhigirii, chigadzirwa chinogadzirwa nekubatanidza butt-welding flanges uye forged Nipolet.Kunyange zvazvo Nipo flange ichionekwa sechinhu chakasimba chimwechete chesimbi yakagadzirwa, hazvinzwisisiki sezvigadzirwa zviviri zvakasiyana zvakabatanidzwa pamwe chete. chikamu kune stub pombi flange nevashandi vepombi.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti Nipo flanges inowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvinhu zvakadai sekabhoni, yakakwirira uye yakaderera tembiricha kabhoni simbi, Stainless simbi mamakisi, uye nickel alloys.Nipo flanges anonyanya kugadzirwa neyakasimbiswa kugadzirwa, iyo inobatsira kuvapa mamwe ma mechanical. simba kana ichienzaniswa neyakajairwa Nipo flange.
3. Elboflange uye Latroflange
Elboflange inozivikanwa semusanganiswa weflange neElbolet nepo Latroflange ichizivikanwa semusanganiswa weflange neLatrolet.Elbow flanges anoshandiswa kubazi mapaipi pa45 degree angle.
4. Swivel ring flanges
Kushandiswa kwe swivel ring flanges ndekwekufambisa kurongeka kwemaburi ebhaudhi pakati peaviri akapetwa flanges, izvo zvinobatsira zvakanyanya mumamiriro mazhinji, sekuiswa kwemapaipi makuru edhayamita, mapaipi epasi pemvura kana ekumahombekombe uye nharaunda dzakafanana.Aya marudzi emaflange akakodzera kudiwa zvinwiwa mumafuta, gasi, mahydrocarbon, mvura, makemikari uye mamwe petrochemical uye mvura manejimendi application.
Panyaya yemapaipi makuru edhayamita, pombi inoiswa mwero butt weld flange kune imwe mugumo uye inotenderera flange kune imwe.Izvi zvinoshanda nekungotenderedza swivel flange papombi kuitira kuti mushandisi awane kurongeka kwakaringana kwemaburi ebhaudhi nenzira iri nyore uye nekukurumidza.
Mimwe yemitemo mikuru ye swivel ring flanges ndeye ASME kana ANSI, DIN, BS, EN, ISO, nemamwe.Imwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa zviyero zve petrochemical application ndeye ANSI kana ASME B16.5 kana ASME B16.47.Swivel flanges maflange anogona kushandiswa mune ese akajairika flange maumbirwo akajairwa.Semuenzaniso, weld mitsipa, slip on, lap joints, socket welds, nezvimwewo, mune zvese zvenyama mamakisi, muhupamhi hwehukuru kubva 3/8 "kusvika 60", uye kumanikidza kubva 150 kusvika 2500. flanges idzi dzinogona kuve nyore akagadzirwa kubva kabhoni, alloy, uye simbi isina tsvina.
5. Kuwedzera flanges
Mafurange ekuwedzera, anoshandiswa kuwedzera saizi yepombi kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe kuitira kubatanidza pombi kune chero mimwe michina yemakina yakaita sepombi, compressors, uye mavharuvhu anowanikwa aine akasiyana saizi yekupinza.
Expansion flanges kazhinji butt-welded flanges ane buri rakakura kwazvo kumagumo asina-flanged.Inogona kushandiswa kuwedzera saizi imwe chete kana maviri kana kusvika 4 inches kune inomhanya pombi bore.Aya marudzi emaflange anosarudzwa pamusoro pemusanganiswa webutt-weld reducers uye standard flanges nekuti iwo akachipa uye akareruka.Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kushandiswa pakuwedzera flanges ndeye A105 uye Stainless simbi ASTM A182.
Mafurange ekuwedzera anowanikwa mukumanikidzwa zviyero uye saizi zvinoenderana ne ANSI kana ASME B16.5 zvakatemwa, izvo zvinonyanya kuwanikwa convex kana flat (RF kana FF).Kudzikisa maflange, anozivikanwawo sekudzikisa maflange, anoshanda basa rakapesana chaizvo kana richienzaniswa nekuwedzera maflange, zvichireva kuti anoshandiswa kudzikisa kukura kwepombi.Iyo dhayamita yakabhowa yekumhanya kwepombi inogona kuderedzwa nyore, asi kwete neanopfuura 1 kana 2 saizi.Kana kuedza kukaitwa kuderedza kudarika izvi, mhinduro inobva pamubatanidzwa webutt-welded reducers uye standard flanges inofanira kushandiswa.
Kukura kweFlange uye Mafungiro Akajairwa
Pamusoro peiyo dhizaini inoshanda yeflange, saizi yayo ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukanganisa kusarudzwa kweflange paunenge uchigadzira, kuchengetedza uye kugadzirisa pombi system.Pane kudaro, kutariswa kunofanirwa kupihwa kune iyo flange's interface nepombi uye gaskets anoshandiswa kuona kwakaringana saizi.Mukuwedzera kune izvi, mamwe mazano anozivikanwa ndeaya anotevera:
-Kunze dhayamita: Iyo yekunze dhayamita chinhambwe chiri pakati pemativi maviri akatarisana echiso cheflange.
- Hukobvu: Ukobvu hunoyerwa kubva kunze kwerimu.
- Bolt Circle Diameter: Iyi ndiyo chinhambwe pakati pehama dzemabhoti maburi akayerwa kubva pakati kuenda pakati.
- Kukura kwepombi: Saizi yepombi ndiyo saizi inoenderana neflange.
- Nominal Bore: Iyo yezita bore saizi yemukati dhayamita yeflange yekubatanidza.
Flange Classification uye Service Level
Flanges akaiswa muchikamu zvakanyanya nekugona kwavo kutsungirira tembiricha dzakasiyana uye kumanikidza.Inosarudzwa nekushandiswa kwemavara kana zvirevo "#", "lb" kana "kirasi".Aya matinji anochinjika uye zvakare anosiyana nedunhu kana mutengesi.Zvikamu zvakajairika zvinozivikanwa zvakanyorwa pazasi:
150#
300#
600#
900#
1500#
2500#
Iyo yakafanana kumanikidza uye kushivirira kwekushisa kunosiyana zvichienderana nechinhu chinoshandiswa, flange dhizaini uye saizi yeflange.Nekudaro, iyo chete inongogara ndeyekumanikidza chiyero, icho chinodzikira sezvo tembiricha inowedzera.
Flange Face Type
Rudzi rwechiso zvakare hunhu hwakakosha kwazvo hune mhedzisiro yakakosha pakuita kwekupedzisira uye hupenyu hwesevhisi yeflange.Naizvozvo, mamwe emhando dzakanyanya kukosha dzezviso zveflange anoongororwa pazasi:
1. Flat Flange (FF)
Iyo gasket yepamusoro yeflange yakatsetseka iri mundege imwechete sepamusoro peiyo bhaudhi furemu.Zvigadzirwa zvinoshandisa maflange akafuratira kazhinji ndeaya anogadzirwa ne mold kuti aenderane neflange kana flange kavha.Flat flanges haifaniri kuiswa pane inverted side flanges.ASME B31.1 inotaura kuti kana uchibatanidza flat cast iron flanges kune carbon steel flanges, chiso chakasimudzwa pane carbon steel flanges inofanira kubviswa uye yakazara chiso gasket inodiwa.Izvi ndezvekudzivirira tumarata twudiki, tusina brittle cast simbi kubva pakupfapfaidza muburi rakagadzirwa nemhino yakasimudzwa yecarbon steel flange.
Rudzi urwu rwechiso cheflange rinoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemidziyo uye mavharuvhu kune ese maapplication panogadzirwa simbi yakakandwa.Cast iron yakanyanya brittle uye inowanzo shandiswa chete kune yakaderera tembiricha, yakaderera pressure application.Chiso chakati sandara chinobvumira ese maflange kuti abatane zvakakwana pamusoro pese pese.Flat Flanges (FF) ine nzvimbo yekubata iyo yakaenzana kureba neshinda dzebhaudhi dzeflange.Yakazara kumeso washers anoshandiswa pakati pemafurati maviri eflange uye anowanzo nyoro.Zvinoenderana neASME B31.3, flat flanges haifanirwe kubatanidzwa neakakwira maflange nekuda kwekugona kudonha kubva kune inokonzeresa flange joint.
2. Yakasimudzwa-Face Flange (RF)
Iyo yakasimudzwa face flange ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mhando mukugadzira maapplication uye inozivikanwa zviri nyore.Inonzi convex nekuti chiso che gasket chiri pamusoro pechiso chemhete yebhaudhi.Rudzi rwega rwega rwekutarisana rwunoda kushandiswa kwemhando dzinoverengeka dzemagaskets, anosanganisira akasiyana-siyana e flat ring tabo uye masimbi anoumbwa senge spiral-ronda uye maviri-sheathed mafomu.
RF flanges akagadzirirwa kutarisisa kuwedzera kudzvanywa pane diki nzvimbo ye gasket, nekudaro achivandudza kudzvanywa kwekutonga kwejoint.madhayamita nekureba nekudzvanyirira pamwero uye dhayamita zvinotsanangurwa muASME B16.5.Flange pressure level inotsanangura kureba kwechiso chirikusimudzwa.RF flanges inoitirwa kuisa pfungwa pakuwedzera kudzvinyirirwa panzvimbo diki yegasket, zvichibva zvawedzera kudzvanya-control kugona kwejoint.Diameters nehurefu nechikwata chekumanikidza uye dhayamita zvinotsanangurwa mukati. ASME B16.5.Pressure flange ratings.
3. Ring flange (RTJ)
Kana simbi-ku-metal chisimbiso pakati pepaired flanges inodiwa (iyo ndiyo mamiriro epamusoro-kudzvinyirira uye kupisa-kupisa kushandiswa, kureva, pamusoro pe700/800 C °), Ring Joint Flange (RTJ) inoshandiswa.
Iyo rin'i yejoin flange ine denderedzwa groove inogara iyo mhete yejoint gasket (oval kana rectangular).
Kana maflange maviri emhete yezvindori akasungwa pamwechete obva asimbiswa, simba rebhaudhi rinoshandiswa rinokanganisa gasket riri mugoronga reflange, richigadzira chisimbiso chakasimba chesimbi-ku-metal.Kuti uite izvi, zvinhu zvemhete yekubatanidza gasket inofanira kuva yakapfava (yakawanda ductile) kupfuura zvinhu zveflanges.
RTJ flanges inogona kuiswa chisimbiso neRTJ gaskets emhando dzakasiyana (R, RX, BX) uye maprofiles (semuenzaniso, octagonal/elliptical yeR rudzi).
Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa RTJ gasket ndeyeR mhando ine octagonal muchinjiko-chikamu, sezvo ichivimbisa chisimbiso chakasimba kwazvo (oval cross-section ndiyo yekare mhando).Nekudaro, iyo "flat groove" dhizaini inogamuchira ese ari maviri marudzi eRTJ gaskets ane octagonal kana oval muchinjiko-chikamu.
4. Rurimi uye groove flanges (T & G)
Ndimi mbiri uye groove flanges (T & G zviso) zvinokwana zvakakwana: imwe flange ine mhete yakasimudzwa uye imwe ine grooves painokwana nyore (rurimi rwunopinda mugonhi uye runosunga chibatanidzwa).
Rurimi uye groove flanges inowanikwa muhukuru uye diki hukuru.
5. Maflange eMurume neMukadzi (M & F)
Zvakafanana nerurimi uye groove flanges, maflange echirume neechikadzi (M & F mhando dzechiso) anowirirana.
Imwe flange ine nzvimbo inotambanukira kunze kwepamusoro penzvimbo yaro, mupendero wechirume, uye imwe flange ine madhishi anofananidzira akaiswa munzvimbo yakatarisana, iyo yechikadzi flange.
Flange Surface Pedzisa
Kuti uve nechokwadi chekukwana kwakakwana kweflange kune gasket uye mating flange, iyo flange pamusoro penzvimbo inoda imwe dhigirii yekukasharara (RF uye FF flange inopera chete).Mhando yekukasharara kwechiso cheflange inotsanangura rudzi rwe "flange kupera".
Mhando dzakajairika ndeye stock, concentric serrated, spiral serrated uye zviso zvakatsetseka zveflange.
Kune mana ekutanga epamusoro ekupedzisa kwesimbi flanges, zvisinei, chinangwa chakajairwa chemhando ipi neipi yekupedzisa kwepamusoro ndeyekuburitsa roughness inodiwa pane iyo flange pamusoro kuti ive nechokwadi chakasimba chakasimba pakati peflange, gasket uye mating flange kuti ipe chisimbiso chemhando. .
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-08-2023