I. Kupatsanura kupisa:
Chinochinja kupisa cheShell nechubhu chinogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zviviri zvinotevera zvichienderana nehunhu hwechivakwa.
1. Chimiro chakasimba chemuchina wekupisa wegoko nemachubhu: uyu muchina wekupisa wava mhando yechubhu neplate yakagadzika, kazhinji unogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri dzechubhu imwe chete uye mhando dzakawanda dzechubhu. Zvakanakira zvawo zviri nyore uye zvidiki, zvakachipa uye zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya; dambudziko nderekuti chubhu haigone kucheneswa nemishini.
2. Chinochinja kupisa cheShell nechubhu chine mudziyo wekugadzirisa tembiricha: chinogona kuita kuti chikamu chinodziya chekuwedzera kwemahara chive chikamu chinodziya. Maumbirwo echimiro anogona kukamurwa kuita:
① inoyangarara musoro mhando yekupisa exchanger: iyi heat exchanger inogona kuwedzerwa zvakasununguka kune imwe mugumo wechubhu plate, inonzi "floating head". Inoshandisa pamadziro echubhu negoko musiyano wekupisa wakakura, nzvimbo yechubhu bundle inowanzo chenurwa. Zvisinei, chimiro chayo chakaoma, mari yekugadzirisa nekugadzira yakakwira.
② Chinochinja-chinja chehubhu chakaita seU: chine chirongo chimwe chete chehubhu, saka chubhu inogona kuvhurwa nekupwanyika kana yadziiswa kana kutonhodzwa. Maumbirwo echinochinja-chinja chehubhu ichi ari nyore, asi basa rekugadzira chinokombama rakakura, uye nekuti chubhu inoda nzvimbo yakakombama, kushandiswa kwechubhu hakusi nyore, chubhu inocheneswa nehunyanzvi zvakaoma kupwanya nekutsiva machubhu hazvisi nyore, saka inodiwa kuti ipfuure nemachubhu emvura yakachena. Chinochinja-chinja chehubhu ichi chinogona kushandiswa pakuchinja kukuru kwekushisa, tembiricha yakakwira kana nguva yekumanikidzwa yakakwira.
③ Chinochinja-chinja chemhando yebhokisi rekurongedza: chine mafomu maviri, chimwe chiri mundiro yechubhu pakupera kwechubhu yega yega chine chisimbiso chakasiyana chekurongedza kuti chive nechokwadi chekuti kuwedzera nekudzika kwechubhu kwakasununguka, kana huwandu hwechubhu dziri muchinochinja-chinja chiri chidiki kwazvo, chimiro ichi chisati chashandiswa, asi daro riri pakati pechubhu kupfuura chinochinja-chinja chenguva dzose chekupisa rive rakakura, chimiro chakaoma. Chimwe chimiro chinogadzirwa mumugumo mumwe wechubhu negoko rinoyangarara, munzvimbo inoyangarara uchishandisa chisimbiso chose chekurongedza, chimiro chacho chiri nyore, asi chimiro ichi hachisi nyore kushandisa kana dhayamita yakakura, kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya. Chinochinja-chinja chemhando yebhokisi rekuputira hachiwanzo shandiswa ikozvino.
II. Ongororo yemamiriro ekugadzira:
1. dhizaini yemuchina wekuchinjisa kupisa, mushandisi anofanira kupa mamiriro ekugadzira anotevera (maitiro ekugadzirisa):
1 chubhu, ganda chirongwa chekushanda chinomanikidzwa (seimwe yemamiriro ekuona kana michina iri mukirasi yacho, inofanira kupihwa)
② chubhu, ganda tembiricha yekushanda kwepurogiramu (inlet / outlet)
③ tembiricha yemadziro esimbi (yakayerwa nemaitiro acho (anopiwa nemushandisi))
④Zita rechinyorwa uye hunhu hwacho
⑤Muganho wengura
⑥Huwandu hwezvirongwa
⑦ nzvimbo yekuisa kupisa
⑧ hunhu hwechubhu inochinja kupisa, kurongeka kwayo (yetriangular kana sikweya)
⑨ ndiro inopetwa kana nhamba yendiro yekutsigira
⑩ zvinhu zvekudzivirira uye ukobvu (kuitira kuziva kukwirira kwechigaro chezita)
(11) Pendi.
Ⅰ. Kana mushandisi aine zvinodiwa zvakakosha, mushandisi anofanira kupa rudzi, ruvara
Ⅱ. Vashandisi havana zvinodiwa zvakakosha, vagadziri pachavo vakasarudza
2. Mamiriro akasiyana-siyana ekugadzira
① Kumanikidzwa kwekushanda: Seimwe yemamiriro ekuona kana michina yacho yakarongwa, inofanira kupihwa.
② hunhu hwezvinhu: kana mushandisi asingape zita rezvinhu, anofanira kuratidza mwero wehupfu hwezvinhu zvacho.
Nekuti chepfu yechinhu ichi ine chekuita nekutarisa michina isingaparadze, kurapwa kwekupisa, huwandu hwema forgings emhando yepamusoro yemidziyo, asiwo ine chekuita nekukamurwa kwemidziyo:
a, GB150 10.8.2.1 (f) mifananidzo inoratidza kuti mudziyo une chepfu ine njodzi zvikuru kana kuti ine njodzi huru 100% RT.
b, 10.4.1.3 mifananidzo inoratidza kuti midziyo ine zvinhu zvine njodzi zvakanyanya kana kuti zvine njodzi zvakanyanya zvemuchetura inofanira kurapwa nekupisa mushure mekusveta (majoini akasveta esimbi isina tsvina ye austenitic anogona kusagadziriswa nekupisa)
c. Kugadzira. Kushandiswa kwechepfu yepakati pakugadzira kwakanyanya kana kune njodzi huru kunofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zveClass III kana IV.
③ Magadzirirwo epombi:
Inowanzoshandiswa simbi yekabhoni φ19×2, φ25×2.5, φ32×3, φ38×5
Simbi isina ngura φ19×2, φ25×2, φ32×2.5, φ38×2.5
Kurongeka kwemachubhu ekupisa: katatu, katatu kekona, sikweya, sikweya yekona.
★ Kana zvichidikanwa kuchenesa nekushandisa michina pakati pemachubhu ekupisa, gadziriro yemativi maviri inofanira kushandiswa.
1. Dhizaini yekumanikidzwa, tembiricha yekugadzira, welding joint coefficient
2. Dhayamita: DN < 400 silinda, kushandiswa kwepombi yesimbi.
DN ≥ silinda 400, uchishandisa simbi yakamonerwa.
Pombi yesimbi ine 16" ------- nemushandisi kuti akurukure nezvekushandiswa kweplate yesimbi yakamonerwa.
3. Dhayagiramu yezvirongwa:
Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekutumira kupisa, zvinodiwa zvechubhu yekutumira kupisa zvinofanirwa kudhirowa dhayagiramu yekutarisa huwandu hwechubhu dzekutumira kupisa.
Kana mushandisi akapa dhayagiramu yepombi, asi zvakare kuongorora pombi kuri mukati medenderedzwa remuganhu wepombi.
★Nheyo yekuiswa kwepombi:
(1) mudenderedzwa remuganhu wepombi rinofanira kunge rakazara nepombi.
② nhamba yepombi ine stroke dzakawanda inofanira kuedza kuenzanisa nhamba yestroke.
③ Chubhu yekuchinjisa kupisa inofanira kurongwa zvakaenzana.
4. Zvinhu
Kana chubhu yacho pachayo iine pfudzi rakamonana uye yakabatana nesilinda (kana musoro), forging inofanira kushandiswa. Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwechimiro chakadaro chechubhu iyi inowanzo shandiswa pakumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, kutsva, kuputika, uye chepfu panguva dzakanyanya, dzine njodzi, zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvechubhu, chubhu yacho inokorawo. Kuti pfudzi rakamonana rirege kuburitsa tsvina, kuchenesa, uye kunatsiridza mamiriro ekumanikidzwa kwefuru yepfudzi rakamonana, kuderedza huwandu hwekugadzirisa, kuchengetedza zvinhu, pfudzi rakamonana uye chubhu plate zvakaumbwa zvakananga kubva mukuumbwa kwese kwese kuti zvigadzire chubhu plate.
5. Kubatanidza chinoshandiswa kupisa nechubhu
Chubhu iri muchubhu ndiro yekubatanidza, mukugadzirwa kwegoko nechubhu yekupisa exchanger chikamu chakakosha chechimiro. Haasi kungogadzirisa basa chete, asi anofanira kuita kubatana kwega kwega mukushanda kwemidziyo kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti svikiro harina kudonha uye rinokwanisa kumira nepakati pekumanikidzwa.
Kubatanidza chubhu nechubhu inzira nhatu dzinotevera: kuwedzera; b kusundira; c kusundira kuwedzera
Kuwedzera kwegomba nechubhu pakati pezvinobuda mumhepo hazvizokonzere migumisiro yakaipa yemamiriro acho ezvinhu, kunyanya nekuti weldability yezvinhu haina kunaka (senge chubhu yekupisa kupisa yecarbon steel) uye basa remuchina wekugadzira rakakura kwazvo.
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemugumo wechubhu mukuchinjika kwepurasitiki yewelding, pane kushushikana kwakasara, nekuwedzera kwekupisa, kushushikana kwasara kunonyangarika zvishoma nezvishoma, zvekuti mugumo wechubhu kuderedza basa rekuvhara nekubatanidza, saka kuwedzera kwechimiro nekumanikidzwa nekupisa, zvinowanzo shandiswa kumanikidzwa kwekugadzira ≤ 4Mpa, dhizaini yekupisa ≤ 300 degrees, uye mukushanda kwekusadengenyeka kwechisimba, hapana shanduko dzekupisa zvakanyanya uye hapana ngura yakakosha yeStress.
Kubatanidza welding kune zvakanakira kugadzirwa kuri nyore, kushanda zvakanaka uye kubatana kwakavimbika. Kuburikidza nekusanganisa welding, chubhu kuenda ku tube plate ine basa riri nani mukuwedzera; uye inogonawo kuderedza zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa maburi epombi, kuchengetedza nguva yekugadzirisa, kugadzirisa zviri nyore nezvimwe zvakanakira, inofanira kushandiswa sechinhu chakakosha.
Uyezve, kana chepfu yepakati yakakura kwazvo, svikiro nemhepo zvakasanganiswa. Zviri nyore kuputika svikiro zvine radioactive kana mukati nekunze kwepombi, kusanganisa zvinhu kuchava nemigumisiro yakaipa, kuitira kuti majoini avharwe, asi kazhinji kushandisa nzira yekubatanidza. Nzira yekubatanidza, kunyange zvazvo ine mabhenefiti akawanda, nekuti haagoni kudzivirira zvachose "kuora kwemupata" uye mafundo esimbi esimbi, uye madziro epombi akatetepa uye ndiro hombe yepombi zvakaoma kuwana weld yakavimbika pakati.
Nzira yekuwedera inogona kuva tembiricha yakakwira kupfuura yekuwedzera, asi kana ichishandiswa nekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kwekupisa, weld inogona kutsemuka nekuneta, gomba remachubhu nemachubhu, kana ikaiswa muchikamu chinoparadza, kuti ikurumidze kukuvara kwejoin. Nokudaro, pane welding nekuwedzera majointi anoshandiswa panguva imwe chete. Izvi hazvingobatsiri chete kuramba kuneta kwejoin, asiwo zvinoderedza katsika kekuora, uye nokudaro hupenyu hwayo hwebasa hwakareba kupfuura kana welding yega ichishandiswa.
Muzviitiko zvipi zvakakodzera kushandisa welding uye expansion joints uye nzira, hapana mwero wakafanana. Kazhinji tembiricha haisi yakanyanya kukwira asi kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kana medium iri nyore kudonha, kushandiswa kwesimba expansion uye sealing weld (sealing weld inoreva kungodzivirira leak uye kushanda kwe weld, uye hazvivimbisi simba).
Kana kumanikidzwa uye tembiricha zvakwira zvakanyanya, kushandiswa kwesimba rekushongedza uye kuwedzera paste, (simba rekushongedza rinoitwa kunyangwe kana weld ine tight, asiwo kuve nechokwadi chekuti joint ine simba guru rekusunga, rinowanzo reva kuti simba rekushongedza rakaenzana nesimba repombi iri pasi pe axial load kana welding ichibatanidzwa). Basa rekuwedzera nderekubvisa cravice corrosion uye kuvandudza kuneta kwe weld. Zviyero zvechimiro che standard (GB/T151) zvakatsanangurwa, hazvizonyatsotsanangurwa pano.
Zvezvinodiwa zvehupamhi hwepamusoro pegomba repombi:
a, kana chubhu inochinja-chinja kupisa uye chubhu yekubatanidza welding, kukosha kweRa hakupfuuri 35uM.
b, kubatanidza kwechubhu imwe chete inochinja kupisa uye plate yechubhu, kuomarara kwenzvimbo yechubhu Ra kukosha hakupfuuri 12.5uM kuwedzera kwekubatanidza, nzvimbo yechubhu haifanirwe kukanganisa kuomarara kwekuwedzera, senge kuburikidza ne longitudinal kana spiral scoring.
III. Kuverenga dhizaini
1. Kuverengwa kwehukobvu hwemadziro egoko (kusanganisira chikamu chipfupi chebhokisi repombi, musoro, kuverenga kwehukobvu hwemadziro egoko regoko resilinda) pombi, ukobvu hwemadziro egoko resilinda yepurogiramu yegoko hunofanira kusangana nehukobvu hwemadziro hushoma muGB151, kune simbi yekabhoni nesimbi yakaderera yesimbi ine alloy hushoma hunoenderana nemuganhu wekuora C2 = 1mm yekufunga nezvenyaya yeC2 yakakura kupfuura 1mm, ukobvu hwemadziro hushoma hwegoko hunofanira kuwedzerwa zvinoenderana.
2. Kuverenga kwekusimbisa gomba rakavhurika
Pakushandisa sisitimu yesimbi yesimbi, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa simba rese rekusimbisa (wedzera ukobvu hwemadziro ecylinder kana kushandisa chubhu ine madziro akakora); kuti bhokisi rechubhu rakakora riri paburi guru rionekwe kuti rinochengetedza sei hupfumi hwese.
Hapana imwe nzira yekusimbisa inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvepfungwa dzinoverengeka:
① kumanikidzwa kwedhizaini ≤ 2.5Mpa;
② Daro riri pakati pemakomba maviri ari pedyo harifanirwe kudarika kaviri dhayamita yemakomba maviri;
③ Dhayamita yechinhu chinogashira ≤ 89mm;
④ tora ukobvu hwemadziro hunofanira kunge hwakafanana nezvinodiwa neTafura 8-1 (tora muganho wengura we1mm).
3. Flange
Flange yemidziyo inoshandisa flange yakajairwa inofanira kutarisisa flange negasket, zvisungo zvienderane, zvikasadaro flange inofanira kuverengerwa. Semuenzaniso, nyora flange yeA flat welding iri mu standard ine gasket yayo inoenderana negasket isina simbi; kana kushandiswa kwegasket inotenderera kuchifanira kuverengerwa patsva kune flange.
4. Pombi yepombi
Zvinodiwa kutarisisa nyaya dzinotevera:
1. Tembiricha yedhizaini yechubhu: Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zveGB150 neGB/T151, tembiricha yesimbi yechikamu chechubhu haifanirwe kutorwa pasi petembiricha yesimbi, asi mukuverenga kwechubhu yechubhu, hazvigoneke kuvimbisa kuti basa rekugadzira ganda rechubhu harisi rekugadzira, uye tembiricha yesimbi yechubhu yakaoma kuverenga, inowanzo torwa pamusoro petembiricha yedhizaini yedhizaini yechubhu.
② multi-tube heat exchanger: iri munzvimbo yepombi, nekuda kwekudiwa kwekuisa spacer groove uye tie rod structure uye yakakundikana kutsigirwa nenzvimbo yeheat exchanger Ad: GB/T151 formula.
③Kukora kunoshanda kwepubhu yeplate
Ukobvu hunoshanda hwepubhu yesimbi hunoreva kupatsanurwa kwenzvimbo dzepombi dzepasi pebulkhead groove ukobvu hwepubhu yesimbi kubvisa huwandu hwezvinhu zviviri zvinotevera.
a, muganho wengura yepombi unopfuura kudzika kwehupamhi hwechikamu chegomba repartition range yepombi
b, muganhu we corrosion program ye shell uye chubhu plate muchikamu che shell program yechimiro che groove depth yemiti mikuru miviri
5. Seti yemajoini ekuwedzera
Muchishandiso chekupisa chechubhu neplate chakagadzirwa, nekuda kwemusiyano wekupisa pakati pemvura iri muchubhu nefluid yechubhu, uye chibatiso chekupisa neshell neplate yechubhu chakagadzirwa, kuitira kuti mukushandiswa kwemamiriro ezvinhu, musiyano wekuwedzera kwegobvu nechubhu uripo pakati pegobvu nechubhu, gobvu nechubhu kusvika kune axial load. Kuti tidzivise kukuvara kwegobvu neheat exchanger, kukanganiswa kweheat exchanger, chubhu yeheat exchanger kubva muchubhu inofanira kubviswa, inofanira kuiswa majoini ekuwedzera kuderedza axial load yegobvu neheat exchanger.
Kazhinji mugoko uye muchina wekupisa, musiyano wekupisa pamadziro wakakura, unofanirwa kufunga nezvekuisa jira rekuwedzera, mukuverenga kweplate yechubhu, zvichienderana nekushanduka kwekushisa pakati pemamiriro akasiyana-siyana akaverengerwa σt, σc, q, imwe yacho isingakwanise, zvakakosha kuwedzera jira rekuwedzera.
σt - axial stress yechubhu inochinja kupisa
σc - ganda rinoita cylinder axial stress
q--Chibatanidzo chechubhu inochinja kupisa nechubhu inoburitsa simba rekudhonza
IV. Kugadzira Zvivako
1. Bhokisi repaipi
(1) Kureba kwebhokisi repombi
a. Kudzika kwemukati kushoma
1 kusvika pakuvhurwa kwenzira imwe chete yepombi yebhokisi rechubhu, kudzika kudiki pakati pekuvhurwa hakufanirwe kunge kuri pasi pe1/3 yedhayamita yemukati memugamuchiri;
② kudzika kwemukati nekunze kwenzira yepombi kunofanira kuve nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo shoma yekutenderera pakati penzira mbiri idzi haisi pasi pe1.3 nguva nzvimbo yekutenderera yechubhu yekupisa panzira imwe neimwe;
b, kudzika kwakanyanya mukati
Funga kana zviri nyore kusundira nekuchenesa zvikamu zvemukati, kunyanya kana paine dhayamita shoma yemuchina wekupisa une machubhu akawanda.
(2) Chikamu chakasiyana chepurogiramu
Ukobvu uye kurongeka kwechikamu zvichienderana ne GB151 Tafura 6 neMufananidzo 15, kuti chive chakakora kupfuura 10mm chechikamu, nzvimbo yekuvharira inofanira kuchekwa kusvika 10mm; kuti chigadzirise kupisa kwechubhu, chikamu chinofanira kuiswa paburi rekubuda kwemvura (gomba rekudhonza mvura), dhayamita yeburi rekudhonza mvura kazhinji inenge iri 6mm.
2. Chikwama chegoko nechubhu
①Nhamba yechubhu
Ⅰ, Ⅱ level tube bundle, inongoshandiswa chete nesimbi yekabhoni, simbi ine alloy low alloy heat exchanger tube, kuchine "level yepamusoro" uye "ordinary level" yakagadzirwa. Kana chubhu yekupisa yemumba ichigona kushandiswa "yepamusoro" simbi, chubhu yekabhoni, simbi ine alloy low alloy heat exchanger tube bundle haifanirwe kukamurwa kuita Ⅰ uye Ⅱ level!
Ⅰ, Ⅱ chubhu ine musiyano uripo zvakanyanya muchubhu inochinja kupisa iri kunze kwedhayamita, kutsauka kwehukobvu hwemadziro kwakasiyana, saizi yegomba rinoenderana uye kutsauka kwakasiyana.
Chikwama chechubhu chegiredhi Ⅰ chine zvinodiwa zvakanyatsonaka, chechubhu chekupisa chesimbi isina ngura, chubhu cheⅠ chete; chechubhu chekupisa chesimbi yekabhoni chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya
② Chirongo chechubhu
a, kutsauka kwehukuru hwegomba rechubhu
Cherechedza musiyano uripo pakati pe Ⅰ, Ⅱ level tube bundle
b, gomba rekuparadzanisa chirongwa
Kudzika kwenzvimbo ye Ⅰ kazhinji hakupfuuri 4mm
Ⅱ upamhi hwechikamu chechikamu chechikamu: simbi yekabhoni 12mm; simbi isina ngura 11mm
Kupatsanura kwechikamu chemaminitsi Ⅲ. Kupatsanura kwekona kwemakona kunowanzova madhigirii makumi mana nemashanu, upamhi hwechamfering b hunenge hwakaenzana neradius R yekona yegasket rechikamu chemaminitsi.
③Ndiro inopetwa
a. Saizi yegomba repombi: inosiyaniswa nechikamu chebundle
b, kukwirira kweplate inopetwa neuta
Kureba kwezvigadziko kunofanira kunge kwakaita kuti mvura inopinda nemukana une mwero wekuyerera kwemvura muchubhu yakafanana nekukwirira kwezvigadziko iwanikwe ka0.20-0.45 kakapetwa dhayamita yemukati yekona yakatenderera, zvigadziko zvinowanzo temwa mumutsara wepaipi pasi pemutsetse wepakati kana kuchekwa mumitsara miviri yemaburi epaipi pakati pebhiriji diki (kuti zvive nyore kupfeka paipi).
c. Kurongeka kwenzvimbo
Mvura yakachena yenzira imwe chete, kurongeka kwenotch kumusoro nekudzika;
Gasi rine mvura shoma, dzvanya kumusoro uchienda kuchikamu chezasi cheplate inopetwa kuti uvhure pombi yemvura;
Mvura ine gasi shoma, inonamira pasi ichienda kumusoro kweplate inopetwa kuti ivhure pombi yekufema
Kugara pamwe chete kwegasi nemvura kana kuti mvura ine zvinhu zvakasimba, bvisa kurongeka kwekuruboshwe nekurudyi, uye vhura chiteshi chemvura panzvimbo yakaderera.
d. Ukobvu hushoma hweplate inopetwa; hupamhi hwepamusoro husina kutsigirwa
e. Maplate anopetwa ari kumativi ese echubhu ari pedyo zvakanyanya nezvinopinza nezvinoburitsa mvura.
④Tsvimbo yekubatanidza
a, dhayamita uye huwandu hwezvisungo zvetambo
Dhayamita nenhamba zvichienderana neTafura 6-32, 6-33 sarudzo, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yakakura kupfuura kana yakaenzana nenzvimbo yetambo yetambo yakapihwa muTafura 6-33 pasi pepfungwa yedhayamita nenhamba yetambo yetambo inogona kuchinjwa, asi dhayamita yayo haifanirwe kunge iri pasi pe10mm, nhamba isingapfuure mana.
b, tsvimbo yetie inofanira kurongeka zvakaenzana sezvinobvira mumucheto wekunze kwechubhu, kuti pave nehukuru hwakakura hwekuchinjisa kupisa, munzvimbo yepombi kana pedyo nenzvimbo ine puratifomu yekupeta, nzvimbo yekupeta inofanira kurongeka muhuwandu hwakakodzera hwetambo dzetie, chero puratifomu yekupeta haifanirwe kunge iri pasi pemapoinzi matatu ekutsigira.
c. Tie rod nati, vamwe vashandisi vanoda zvinotevera nati uye kupeta ndiro yekuwelda
⑤ Ndiro inodzivisa kusukwa
a. Kugadzwa kweplate inodzivirira kuyerera kwemvura ndekwekuderedza kupararira kwemvura zvisina kuenzana uye kuputsika kwemucheto wechubhu inochinja kupisa.
b. Nzira yekugadzirisa ndiro yekudzivirira kusukwa
Nepose pazvinogoneka pakaiswa chubhu yakagadzikwa kana pedyo nechubhu yeplate yekutanga inopetwa, kana goko rekupinda riri mutsvimbo isina kugadzikwa parutivi rwepubhu, plate inodzivirira kukweshana inogona kusungirirwa kumuviri wesilinda.
(6) Kugadzwa kwemajoini ekuwedzera
a. Iri pakati pemativi maviri eplate inopetwa
Kuti kuderedze kuramba kwemvura kwechikamu chekuwedzera, kana zvichidikanwa, muchikamu chekuwedzera chiri mukati mechubhu yeliner, chubhu yeliner inofanira kusungirirwa kugoko nenzira yekuyerera kwemvura, kune vanochinjana kupisa vakamira, kana nzira yekuyerera kwemvura ichikwira, inofanira kuiswa pamucheto wezasi wemaburi ekuburitsa chubhu yeliner.
b. Kuwedzerwa kwemajoini emudziyo wekudzivirira kudzivirira michina pakufambisa kana kushandisa kudhonza yakaipa
(vii) kubatana pakati pechubhu negoko
a. Kuwedzerwa kunowedzera kaviri seflange
b. Pombi isina flange (GB151 Appendix G)
3. Flange yepombi:
1. Kana tembiricha yedhizaini iri pamusoro kana kuti yakaenzana nemadhigirii 300, flange yegumbo inofanira kushandiswa.
② haigone kushandiswa semuchina wekupisa kuti utore nzvimbo yekubatanidza kuti urege uye ubudise, inofanira kuiswa muchubhu, nzvimbo yepamusoro yekosi yegoko remuchina wekubvisa, nzvimbo yakaderera yechiteshi chekubuditsa, dhayamita yezita shoma ye20mm.
③ Chinochinja kupisa chakamira chinogona kuiswa pachiteshi chekupfuura nepakati.
4. Rutsigiro: Mhando dzeGB151 zvichienderana nezviri muChinyorwa 5.20.
5. Zvimwe zvinhu
① Mabhegi ekusimudza
Hunhu hwepamusoro pe30Kg bhokisi repamutemo uye chifukidziro chebhokisi repombi zvinofanira kunge zvakasungirirwa.
② waya yepamusoro
Kuti zvive nyore kuputsa bhokisi repombi, chifukidziro chebhokisi repombi chinofanira kuiswa mubhodhi repamutemo, chifukidziro chebhokisi repombi waya yepamusoro.
V. Zvinodiwa pakugadzira, kuongorora
1. Pombi yepombi
① majoini epachubhu akasanganiswa kuti aonekwe ne 100% ray kana UT, nhanho inokodzera: RT: Ⅱ UT: nhanho Ⅰ;
② Kuwedzera kune simbi isina ngura, pombi yeplate yakasanganiswa inobatsirawo pakupisa;
③ Kutsauka paupamhi hwebhiriji repachubhu nepuratifomu: zvichienderana nefomura yekuverenga upamhi hwebhiriji regomba: B = (S - d) - D1
Upamhi hushoma hwebhiriji rine gomba: B = 1/2 (S - d) + C;
2. Kurapa kupisa kwebhokisi rechubhu:
Simbi yekabhoni, simbi ine alloy yakaderera yakasungirirwa nechikamu chakapatsanurwa chebhokisi repombi, pamwe nebhokisi repombi remaburi emativi anopfuura 1/3 yedhayamita yemukati mebhokisi repombi yesilinda, mukushandiswa kwewelding yekuderedza kushushikana kwekupisa, flange uye chikamu chekuvharira chinofanira kugadziriswa mushure mekupisa.
3. Kuedzwa kwekumanikidzwa
Kana kumanikidzwa kwekugadzirwa kweganda remakombo kuri pasi pane kumanikidzwa kwemuchina wechubhu, kuitira kutarisa mhando yekubatana kwechubhu inochinja kupisa uye chubhu.
① Kumanikidzwa kwepurogiramu yeShell kuwedzera kumanikidzwa kwekuyedza nepurogiramu yepombi zvinoenderana nekuyedza kwehydraulic, kuti uone kana kubuda kwepombi kwakaitika. (Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti kumanikidzwa kukuru kweganda panguva yekuyedza kwehydraulic kuri ≤0.9ReLΦ)
② Kana nzira iri pamusoro apa isina kukodzera, goko rinogona kuedzwa ne hydrostatic zvichienderana nekumanikidzwa kwekutanga mushure mekupfuura, uye wozoongorora goko re ammonia leakage kana halogen leakage test.
VI. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinofanira kunyorwa pamachati
1. Ratidza huwandu hwechubhu
2. Chubhu inochinja kupisa inofanira kunyorwa nhamba yekunyora mazita
3. Tambo yekuisa mapombi echubhu kunze kwetambo yakakora yakasimba yakavharwa
4. Mifananidzo yekuunganidza inofanira kunyorwa kuti ionekwe kuti inofamba sei
5. Maburi ekubuditsa mvura akajairika, maburi ekubuda kwemvura pamajoini epombi, mapulagi epombi haafanire kunge ari kunze kwemufananidzo
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-11-2023