Nhanganyaya: Dambudziko reMapombi Munguva yeAI
Kutonhodza kwemvura kuri kukurumidza kuva nzira yakakosha yekugadzirisa matambudziko ekushandiswa kwemafuta uye kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba reAI. Simba repa-rack rakwira kubva pahuwandu hwekare hwe10-20 kW kusvika pamusoro pe50 kW, nezvimwe zviitiko zvehuwandu hwemvura zvakanyanya kupfuura 100 kW. Mumasisitimu ekutonhodza mvura e-cold-plate, mapaipi ane basa guru rekutakura nekugovera zvinotonhodza, uye kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvaro kunokanganisa zvakananga kuvimbika kwesisitimu kwenguva refu, nguva yekuvaka, uye mari yekushanda.
Kuoma kwekusarudza zvinhu kwawedzera zvakanyanya sezvo masisitimu ekutonhodza emvura achichinja kubva pakuchinja kuri nyore kusvika pakugadzira magadzirirwo akasiyana-siyana ane zvinotonhodza zvakasiyana-siyana, tembiricha dzakasiyana-siyana, uye zvinodiwa pakushanda. Gwaro reindasitiri remasisitimu ekutonhodza emvura ikozvino rinoona zvinhu zvakati wandei zvepamusoro sezvinhu zvakakodzera zvakanyoroveswa, zvichitsigira kushandiswa kwakakura kwemhinduro dzepamusoro muzvirongwa zvekutonhodza zvechizvarwa chinotevera.
Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru zvezvinhu—simbi, elastomers, uye mapolymers akagadziriswa—vachiongorora simba rawo, miganhu, uye mamiriro ekushandisa akakodzera zvichibva pamaitiro aripo einjiniya uye mwero uri kubuda.
Simbi Isina Zvisimbiso: Bhiza Rebasa Rechinyakare
Nei Stainless Ichiri Chinhu Chekutanga
Mapaipi esimbi isina ngura ave kwenguva refu ari sarudzo yekutanga yekutonhodza nzvimbo yedata nekuda kwesimba rayo guru rekuvaka, kuramba kumanikidzwa zvakanaka, uye tekinoroji yakakura. Mumapaipi emukati eCDU, 316L inoshandiswa sechinhu chakajairika pakushandiswa kwakawanda, ichienderana zvakanaka nemusanganiswa wemvura yakasanganiswa nemvura-glycol. Hupenyu hwekugadzira hwechinhu ichi hwemakore 70-100 pasi pemamiriro ekushanda akajairwa hunoita kuti chikwezve kune zvivakwa zvakakosha pabasa.
Indasitiri iyi yakagadzira mitemo yakawanda uye maitiro akapoteredza mapaipi esimbi isingatsvi. ASME B31.3 inopa hurongwa hwekugadzira, nemaitiro ekuwelda anoenderana neASME IX kana EN ISO 15614. Pakuiswa kwe hyperscale, inenge 90% yemajoini akasungirirwa ku orbital, achipa ma welds anodzokororwa, anopinda zvizere, uye akacheneswa negasi.
304 vs. 316L: Sarudzo Yezvinhu
Sarudzo pakati pe304 ne316L chisarudzo chakakosha cheinjiniya chine zvazvinoreva kwenguva refu. Kune zvinotonhodza mumvura (mvura, glycol solutions), 304 (06Cr19Ni10) inowanzo kurudzirwa senzira yekutanga. Zvisinei, kune nharaunda dzine chloride kana fluorinated fluid/mineral oil media, 316L (022Cr17Ni12Mo2) kana magiredhi epamusoro anodiwa.
Musiyano uyu unokosha nekuti kunyangwe kusawirirana kudiki kwezvinhu kunogona kukonzera kudzikira kwekushanda nekuda kwekuumbwa kwemvura, kushanduka kwegasi, kana ngura pamusoro. Muzvitenderedzo zvekutonhodza zvakananga-ku-chip, uko ma microchannels anonyanya kukanganiswa nekusvibiswa kwezvikamu, mhedzisiro yekudzikira kwezvinhu inogona kuva yakakomba.
Mari Yakavanzika Yemasisitimu Esimbi
Pasinei nesimba rayo, mapaipi esimbi isina ngura ane miganhu inova pachena mukushandiswa kwemagetsi akawanda:
Njodzi yengura yemagetsiChinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti simbi dzinoshandiswa pakubata coolant kwenguva refu dzinogona kukonzera ngura pakati pesimbi dzakasiyana, zvichiramba zvichiburitsa zvidimbu zvesimbi. Kana zvidimbu izvi zvidiki-diki zvikapinda mumigero midiki yepurasitiki inotonhora (kazhinji pachiyero che micrometer), zvinogona kukonzera kuvharika, zvichikanganisa kushanda zvakanaka kwekupisa kana kutokuvadza machipisi.
Kuwedzerwa kwematanho ekuvaka nekutanga basaZvinomiririra imwe mari yakakosha. Kubatanidza panzvimbo kwakaoma uye kunoda kucheneswa kwenguva refu kweacid, kupfapfaidzwa, uye kusukwa mushure mekusanganisa. Nzira yakajairika yekuchenesa nekupfapfaidzwa isati yazadzwa kwekutanga inosanganisira kuchenesa nemechanical, kubvisa mafuta nealkaline degreaser, kupfapfaidzwa nemusanganiswa we nitric/hydrofluoric acid, uye kupfapfaidzwa kweDI water flushing.
Njodzi dzekusvibiswa pamusoroKazhinji hazvikosheswi. Chubhu ye304 kana 316L yakachekwa, yakasungirirwa, uye yakachengetwa panzvimbo yacho inosvibisa simbi yepamusoro uye ine ruvara rwekupisa pahudyu yega yega. Kana denderedzwa rikazadzwa nemvura yeDI mumamiriro iwayo, idzi dzinova nzvimbo dzekutanga apo biofilm ichakura.
Elastomers: EPDM nePTFE yekubatanidza kunochinjika
EPDM: Elastomer yeWorkhorse
Kune masisitimu ekutonhodza mvura neglycol cold-plate, EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mu elastomer. Zvakanakira zvayo zvikuru zvinosanganisira kuramba kukwegura uye ngura, tembiricha yekushanda inowanzobva pa -40°C kusvika +120°C, uye mitengo inodzoreka.
EPDM inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakubatanidza, zvisimbiso, uye mapombi anochinjika kana paine zvinodiwa kuti zvinhu zvienderane nezvinodiwa. Kuyedzwa kwekuenderana kwezvinhu kwakaratidza kugadzikana kweEPDM nezvinotonhodza zvinowanzo shandiswa, zvichideredza njodzi dzekuora uye kuona kugadzikana kwemakemikari kwenguva yakareba yekushanda. EPDM inogadziriswa neperoxide inokurudzirwa zvakanyanya kune network dzemvura dzepakati pedata, ichipa kugara kwenguva refu kana tichienzanisa nemarudzi akagadziriswa nesulfure.
PTFE: Mhinduro Yepamusoro-soro
Kune nzvimbo dzinonyudzwa mvura ine fluorine, mashandisirwo ekupisa kwakanyanya, uye zvinodiwa zvehupenyu hurefu mu supercomputing uye high-density AI compute, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) ndiyo sarudzo yakajairika muindasitiri. Mapombi ekutonhodza ePTFE akagadziriswa anogona kushanda zvakadzikama pamhando dzakasiyana dzekupisa kubva -60°C kusvika +260°C, nekuchembera zvishoma nezvishoma uye hupenyu hwebasa hurefu.
FEP (fluorinated ethylene propylene), fluoropolymer yakafanana, inopa mamwe mabhenefiti: kugadzikana kwakanaka kwemakemikari, nzvimbo yakanyanya kunyunguduka ine tembiricha yekushanda kubva -85°C kusvika 200°C, uye hunhu hwakanaka hwemagetsi hwekuputira. Inowanzoshandiswa pakutonhodza mvura inotonhora yeRCM-to-server connections.
Chinhu chikuru chinobatsira ma fluoropolymers ndechekuti anogadzikana zvakanyanya mumakemikari. Kunze kwekuita zvinhu zvine fluorine pakupisa kwakanyanya, simbi dzakanyungudutswa dzealkali, uye chlorine trifluoride, hadzina ngura kana dzakabatana nemamwe makemikari. Izvi zvinoita kuti dzive dzakakodzera kune zvinotonhodza zvine simba uye dzinoda kugara kwenguva refu.
MaPolymers Akagadziriswa: Nzira Yechitatu Inotanga Kubuda
PVDF: Kuzivikanwa Kwakafuridzirwa neOCP
Chiitiko chakakosha pakushandiswa kwemapolymer chakaitika apo GF yakagamuchira kuzivikanwa kweOCP Inspired™ nekuda kwePVDF-based in-rack manifold yayo yekutonhodza mvura zvakananga-ku-chip—manifold yekutanga yepolymer-based manifold kugamuchira kuzivikanwa uku mukati mechirongwa cheOpen Compute Project.
PVDF manifold yakagadzirwa kuti itsigire nzvimbo dzinoda kutarisirwa kwekupisa uko kuchena kwechinhu chinotonhodza, kuramba ngura, uye kuvimbika kwenguva refu kwakakosha. Kusiyana nesimbi dzemazuva ano, mhinduro iyi inoshandisa dhizaini yepolymer yakagadzirwa kuti itsigire kupararira kwemvura kwakafanana munzvimbo dzese dzekubuditsa mvura, zvichibatsira kuchengetedza kushanda kwakasimba uye kunodzokororwa kwekutonhodza mukati me rack. Kuvakwa kwePVDF yakareruka kunogonesawo kushanda kusina ngura uye kubatanidzwa kuri nyore kuburikidza nekubatanidza kunochinjika uye sarudzo dzekuisa.
Manifold yega yega yakagadzirwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemutengi uye inoongororwa 100% pressure isati yasvika. Pfungwa yemanifold yakatosimbiswa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana kweproof-of-concept uye kuiswa kwedata center mhiri kweAmerica, Europe, neAsia-Pacific.
Nei Masisitimu ePolymer Ari Kuwana Simba
Nyaya yeinjiniya yepombi yepolymer inodarika kuzivikanwa kweOCP:
Kushanda pasina ngura: Masisitimu ePolymer haana njodzi yekuora kwemagetsi uye haaburitse tunhu twesimbi kana tikashanda kwenguva refu, zvichibatsira kuchengetedza kuchena kwechinhu chinotonhodza.
Kuderedza huremu: Mapaipi epolymer anogona kuderedza huremu neanopfuura 64% zvichienzaniswa nemasisitimu esimbi isingatsvi, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kutakurwa nekuiswa kwemamodular akagadzirwa kare.
Nzvimbo dzemukati dzakapfava: Masisitimu epolymer akagadzirwa neinjiniya anopa nzvimbo dzakapfava dzemukati dzinoderedza kusvibiswa uye dzinoderedza kuderera kwekumanikidzwa.
Kubatana kwenhengo kunoderedzwa kusvibiswa: Tekinoroji yeinfrared welding inogonesa majoini emazinga emolecular asina zvinhu zvekuzadza kana magasi ekuwelda, zvichibvisa njodzi yekusvibiswa. Kusiyana ne orbital welding yesimbi isingatsvi, iyo inoda qualified welding procedure specification (WPS) uye procedure qualification record (PQR), IR welding inopa ma weld akafanana, asina kukanganisa uye kusawirirana kwevanhu kushoma.
Miganhu Yekushandisa
Mapaipi epolymer haana kuiswa panzvimbo yekutsiva zvachose mapaipi esimbi. Miganhu yekushandisa inofanira kusarudzwa nemamiriro ekushanda:
| Mamiriro ezvinhu | Zvinhu Zvinokurudzirwa |
|---|---|
| Zvinotonhodza zvemvura, kumanikidzwa kwakajairika | Simbi isina ngura 304 kana imwe nzira yepolymer |
| Nzvimbo dzine chloride | Simbi isina ngura 316L |
| Kuchena kwakanyanya, uye kushandiswa kwakakosha pakuora | Masisitimu epolymer ePVDF |
| Kubatana kunochinjika, tembiricha iri pakati nepakati | EPDM |
| Mvura ine fluorine ine simba, tembiricha yakakwira | PTFE/FEP |
| Mamiriro ezvinhu anoparadza zvakanyanya | Titanium kana SMO254 |
Nheyo yeKufananidza Zvinhu Zvakarongwa
Maitiro eindasitiri aripo iye zvino anotevera nzira yekufananidza zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvichiziva kuti matanho akasiyana emasisitimu ekutonhodza mvura ane mamiriro akasiyana ekushanda uye zvinodiwa pakushanda:
Rutivi rwekutanga (runotonhodza kusvika kuCDU): Inokoshesa kuramba kumanikidzwa uye kutakurwa kure. HDPE/PE100 iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya pamwe chete nesimbi isingatsvinda nekuda kwetekinoroji yayo yekuwedera yakareruka uye yakakura.
Rutivi rwechipiri (CDU kuenda kurack): Inokoshesa kuchena uye kugadzikana kwetembiricha. Masisitimu ePROGEF PP-H nePVDF ari kushandiswa kuti asaparare uye kuti ashande zvakanaka mukati.
Rack manifold: Inokoshesa kunonoka kwemoto uye kugoverwa kwakanyatsojeka. MaPVDF manifolds akaratidza kupararira kwemvura kwakafanana munzvimbo dzese dzekubuditsa mvura.
Maitiro ekushandiswa kwemapolymer anosimbiswa nekuwedzera kwekutsigira kweOCP ecosystem kwezvivakwa zvekutonhodza mvura zvinobatanidzwa uye zvinotengeswa nevanhu vakawanda kuburikidza nemaitiro akajairwa uye nzira dzakasimbiswa dzezvinhu. Nhungamiro yeindasitiri inobvuma kuti mapolymer akawanda epamusoro sezvinhu zvakakodzera zvakanyoroveswa, zvichitsigira kushandiswa kwakakura kwetekinoroji dzepolymer dzinoshanda zvakanyanya mukutonhodza kwedata rechizvarwa chinotevera.
Mhedziso
Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvekushandisa papombi dzinotonhodza mvura hakusisiri sarudzo iri nyore pakati pesimbi nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa. Palette yezvinhu zviri kuwedzera—kubva kusimbi isingatsvedzeri (304, 316L) kusvika kuma elastomers (EPDM, PTFE, FEP) kusvika kuma polymers einjiniya (PVDF, HDPE, PP-H)—inopa mainjiniya sarudzo dzinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemashandiro chaiwo nemamiriro ekushanda.
Chinokosha kunzwisisa kuti hapana chinhu chimwe chete chakakodzera kushandiswa kwese. Kuzivikanwa kwePVDF manifolds neOCP kunoratidza kutsigirwa kwakakosha kwezvigadzirwa zvepolymer muindasitiri, asi masisitimu esimbi anoramba ari akakosha munzvimbo dzine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, tembiricha yakakwira, uye makemikari anopisa. Remangwana ringangodaro riri mumaitiro akasanganiswa anobatanidza simba rechikamu chimwe nechimwe chezvinhu, zvichishandiswa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvechikamu chimwe nechimwe mukati mechimiro chekutonhodza kwemvura.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-21-2026