Chinangwa Chekupfeka Zvishandiso
Kuvhara pamusoro pekunze kwepombi dzesimbi kwakakosha kudzivirira kuita ngura.Ngura pamusoro pepombi dzesimbi dzinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kushanda kwavo, kunaka, uye chitarisiko chemaziso.Nekudaro, iyo yekupfekedza maitiro ine simba rakakura pamhando yese yezvigadzirwa zvepombi yesimbi.
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Zvinodiwa Pakupfekedza Materials
Sezviyero zvakatarwa neAmerican Petroleum Institute, pombi dzesimbi dzinofanirwa kuramba corrosion kweinenge mwedzi mitatu.Nekudaro, kudiwa kwenguva yakareba yekudzivirira ngura kwawedzera, nevashandisi vazhinji vanoda kuramba kwemwedzi mitatu kusvika 6 mumamiriro ekuchengetera kunze.Kunze kwezvinodiwa zvehupenyu hurefu, vashandisi vanotarisira kuti machira achengetedze nzvimbo yakatsetseka, kunyangwe kugovera kweanorwisa-corrosive agents pasina kusvetuka kana kudonha kunogona kukanganisa kunaka kwekuona.
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Mhando dzeKupfeka Zvishandiso uye Zvakanakira uye Zvazvakaipira
Mumaguta epasi pevhu pombi network,mapaipi esimbiari kuwedzera kushandiswa kutakura gasi, oiri, mvura, nezvimwe.Iwo machira emapombi aya akashanduka kubva kune echinyakare asphalt zvinhu kuenda ku polyethylene resin uye epoxy resin zvinhu.Kushandiswa kwepolyethylene resin coatings kwakatanga muna 1980s, uye nemashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana, zvikamu uye maitiro ekuputira zvakaona kuvandudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma.
3.1 Petroleum Asphalt Coating
Petroleum asphalt coating, yechinyakare anti-corrosive layer, ine petroleum asphalt layer, yakasimbiswa ne fiberglass jira uye yekunze inodzivirira polyvinyl chloride firimu.Inopa yakanakisa kudzivirira mvura, kunamatira kwakanaka kune dzakasiyana siyana, uye mutengo-kubudirira.Zvisinei, ine zvimhingamupinyi zvinosanganisira kubatwa nekuchinja kwetembiricha, kuita brittle mukupisa kwakaderera, uye kuchembera nekutsemuka, kunyanya munzvimbo ine matombo evhu, zvichida mamwe matanho ekudzivirira uye kuwedzera mari.
3.2 Marasha Tar Epoxy Coating
Coal tar epoxy, yakagadzirwa kubva epoxy resin uye marasha tar asphalt, inoratidzira yakanakisa mvura uye makemikari kuramba, kusaita ngura, kunamatira kwakanaka, simba remuchina, uye zvivakwa zvekudzivirira.Nekudaro, inoda nguva yakareba yekurapa mushure mekunyorera, zvichiita kuti ibatike kune yakaipa mhedzisiro kubva kumamiriro ekunze panguva ino.Zvakare, izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa muiyi coating system zvinoda kuchengetedzwa kwakasarudzika, kukwidza mitengo.
3.3 Epoxy Powder Coating
Epoxy poda coating, yakaunzwa muma1960s, inosanganisira electrostatic kupfapfaidza poda pane pre-yakabikwa uye pre-yakapisa pombi nzvimbo, ichigadzira dense anti-corrosive layer.Zvakanakira zvaro zvinosanganisira tembiricha yakakura (-60 ° C kusvika 100 ° C), kunamatira kwakasimba, kuramba kwakanaka kune cathodic disbondment, kukanganisa, kuchinjika, uye weld kukuvara.Nekudaro, firimu rayo rakatetepa rinoita kuti rive nyore kukuvara uye rinoda hunyanzvi hwekugadzira matekiniki nemidziyo, zvichiunza matambudziko mukushandiswa kwemunda.Kunyange zvazvo ichikunda muzvinhu zvakawanda, inowira pfupi kana ichienzaniswa nepolyethylene maererano nekudzivirira kupisa uye kudzivirira kwekudzivirira kwese.
3.4 Polyethylene Anti-corrosive Coating
Polyethylene inopa yakanakisa kukanganisa kupikisa uye kuomarara kwakanyanya pamwe neyakakura tembiricha renji.Inowana kushandiswa kwakawanda munzvimbo dzinotonhora seRussia neWestern Europe kune mapaipi nekuda kwekuchinjika kwayo uye kupikisa kwemaitiro, kunyanya pakudziya kwakadzika.Nekudaro, zvinonetsa zvinoramba zviri mukushandiswa kwayo pamapombi akakura-dhayamita, uko kutsemuka kwekushushikana kunogona kuitika, uye kupinda kwemvura kunogona kutungamira mukuora pasi pejasi, zvichida kumwe kutsvagisa nekuvandudzwa kwezvinhu uye maitiro ekushandisa.
3.5 Inorema Anti-corrosion Coating
Heavy anti-corrosion coatings inopa yakanyanya kukwidziridzwa kusagadzikana kana ichienzaniswa neyakajairwa machira.Vanoratidza kushanda kwenguva refu kunyange mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, nehupenyu hunodarika 10 kusvika kumakore gumi nemashanu mumakemikari, mugungwa, uye mhepo inonyungudutsa, uye anopfuura makore mashanu mumamiriro e acidic, alkaline, kana saline.Aya machira anowanzo kuve neakaoma firimu ukobvu kubva pa200μm kusvika 2000μm, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro uye kusimba.Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvivakwa zvemugungwa, makemikari emidziyo, matangi ekuchengetedza, uye mapaipi.
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Matambudziko Anowanikwa NeKupfeka Zvishandiso
Nyaya dzakajairika nejasi dzinosanganisira kusaenzana kwekushandisa, kudonha kweanorwisa-corrosive agents, uye kuumbwa kwemabhuru.
(1) Coating isina kuenzana: Kusaenzana kugovera kweanorwisa-corrosive ejenti pasosi yepombi inokonzeresa munzvimbo dzine ukobvu hwekufukidzira, zvichitungamira mukuparara, nepo nzvimbo dzakatetepa kana dzisina kuvharwa dzichideredza kugona kwepombi.
(2) Kudonha kweanorwisa-corrosive agents: Ichi chiitiko, apo anti-corrosive agents anoomesa senge madonhwe pamusoro pepombi, inokanganisa aesthetics asi isingakanganise corrosion kuramba.
(3) Kugadzira mabubbles: Mhepo yakavharirwa mukati meiyo anti-corrosive agent panguva yekushandiswa inogadzira mabubble pamusoro pepombi, inokanganisa zvese kutaridzika uye kupfekedza kushanda.
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Kuongororwa kweCoating Quality Issues
Dambudziko rega rega rinobva kune zvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinokonzerwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana;uye bundle resimbi pombi inoratidzirwa nehutano hwedambudziko inogonawo kuva musanganiswa wezvinoverengeka.Zvikonzero zvekuputira zvisina kuenzana zvinogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri, chimwe chiitiko chisina kuenzana chinokonzerwa nekupfapfaidza mushure mekunge pombi yesimbi inopinda mubhokisi rekuvhara;chechipiri ndicho chiitiko chisina kuenzana chinokonzerwa nekusapfapfaidza.
Chikonzero chechiitiko chekutanga chiri nyore kuona, kune iyo yekupfekedza midziyo apo iyo pombi yesimbi mubhokisi rekuputira mu 360 ° kumativi ose epfuti 6 (casing line ine 12 pfuti) yekupfapfaidza.Kana imwe neimwe pfuti yakapfapfaidzwa kubva mukuyerera saizi yakasiyana, zvino inotungamira kune kusaenzana kugoverwa kweanticorrosive mumiriri munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepombi yesimbi.
Chikonzero chechipiri ndechekuti pane zvimwe zvikonzero zvekusaenzana kwekuputira chiitiko kunze kwekupfapfaidza chinhu.Kune akawanda marudzi ezvikonzero, senge simbi pombi inopinda ngura, roughness, zvekuti iyo yekupfeka inonetsa kugovaniswa zvakaenzana;simbi pombi pamusoro ane chiyero chekumanikidzwa kwemvura chakasara kumashure apo emulsion, ino nguva yekuputira nekuda kwekusangana ne emulsion, kuitira kuti kuchengetedza zvakaoma kubatanidza pamusoro pepombi yesimbi, kuitira kuti pasave nekuputira simbi pombi zvikamu emulsion, zvichiita kuti kupfeka yose simbi pombi haisi yunifomu.
(1) Chikonzero cheanticorrosive agent inorembera madonhwe.Muchinjikwa-chikamu chepombi yesimbi yakatenderedza, pese apo iyo anticorrosive agent inopfapfaidzwa pamusoro pepombi yesimbi, iyo anticorrosive agent muchikamu chepamusoro uye mupendero unoyerera uchienda kuchikamu chepasi nekuda kwechinhu chegiravhiti. ichaumba chiitiko chekurembera kudonha.Chinhu chakanaka ndechekuti kune midziyo yemuhovhoni mumutsara wekugadzira wekuputira wefekitari yepombi yesimbi, iyo inogona kupisa uye kuomesa anticorrosive agent yakapfapfaidzwa pamusoro pepombi yesimbi munguva uye kuderedza kuyerera kweiyo anticorrosive agent.Zvisinei, kana viscosity ye anticorrosive agent haisi yakakwirira;hapana kupisa nenguva mushure mekupfapfaidza;kana kupisa tembiricha haina kukwirira;iyo muromo haisi mumamiriro akanaka ekushanda, nezvimwewo zvinotungamirira kune anticorrosive agent inorembera madonhwe.
(2) Zvinokonzeresa kupupa furo.Nekuda kwenzvimbo yekushanda yenzvimbo yehunyoro hwemhepo, kupararira kwependi kwakawandisa, kupararira kwekushisa kudonha kunokonzeresa kubhuroka chiitiko.Mhepo humidity nharaunda, yakadzika tembiricha mamiriro, mapreservative akapfapfaidzwa kunze kweakapararira kuita madonhwe madiki, zvinotungamira mukudonha kwekushisa.Mvura iri mumhepo ine hunyoro hwepamusoro mushure mekudonha kwetembiricha inotsikirira kuita madonhwe emvura akanaka akasanganiswa neanochengetedza, uye pakupedzisira anopinda mukati mekuputira, zvichikonzera kuvhara kwekuputika chiitiko.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-15-2023