Mapaipi emakemikari nemavharuvhu chinhu chakakosha pakugadzirwa kwemakemikari uye ndiwo musanganiswa pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzemidziyo yemakemikari. Mavharuvhu mashanu anonyanya kushandiswa mumapaipi emakemikari anoshanda sei? Chinangwa chikuru? Mavharuvhu emakemikari nemavharuvhu ezvishandiso chii? (11 mhando dzemapaipi + 4 mhando dzezvishandiso + 11 mavharuvhu) mavharuvhu emakemikari zvinhu izvi, kunzwisisa zvizere!
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Mavharuvhu makuru gumi nerimwe
Mudziyo unoshandiswa kudzora kufamba kwemvura mupaipi unonzi vharuvhu. Mabasa ayo makuru ndeaya:
Vhura uye vhara basa racho - gura kana kutaurirana nekufamba kwemvura mupaipi;
Kugadzirisa - kugadzirisa mwero wekuyerera kwemvura mupaipi, kuyerera kwayo;
Kupomba – kuyerera kwemvura muvharuvhu, zvichikonzera kudzikira kukuru kwedzvinyiriro.
Kupatsanura:
Pamusana pebasa revharuvhu, vharuvhu inogona kukamurwa kuita vharuvhu yakachekwa (inozivikanwawo sevharuvhu yepasi), vharuvhu ye throttle, vharuvhu yekutarisa, mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza nezvimwewo;
Zvichienderana nechimiro chakasiyana chemavharuvhu, mavharuvhu anogona kukamurwa kuita mavharuvhu egedhi, chivharo (chinowanzonzi Cocker), mavharuvhu ebhora, mavharuvhu eshavishavi, mavharuvhu ediaphragm, mavharuvhu akaputirwa nezvimwewo.
Uyezve, zvichienderana nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvevharuvhu, yakakamurwa kuva mavharuvhu esimbi isina ngura, mavharuvhu esimbi yakakandwa, mavharuvhu esimbi yakakandwa, mavharuvhu epurasitiki, mavharuvhu edongo nezvimwewo.
Mavharuvhu akasiyana-siyana anogona kuwanikwa mumabhuku ekushandisa uye mumienzaniso yakakodzera, marudzi emavharuvhu akajairika chete ndiwo anounzwa pano.
①Vharuvhu yeGlobe
Nekuda kwechimiro chayo chiri nyore, chiri nyore kugadzira nekugadzirisa, chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumapaipi ane simba rakaderera uye repakati. Inoiswa muchikamu chevharuvhu pasi pedhisiki revharuvhu rakatenderera (musoro wevharuvhu) uye chikamu cheflange yemuviri wevharuvhu (chigaro chevharuvhu) kuti ikwanise kudzikamisa kuyerera kwemvura.
Hunde yevharuvhu inogona kugadziriswa nekusimudza tambo, iyo inovhura vharuvhu, uye inoita basa guru mukutonga kwayo. Nekuda kwemhedzisiro yekucheka kwevharuvhu, inoshandisa chisimbiso chekubata chemusoro wevharuvhu nechigaro, uye haikodzeri kushandiswa mupaipi ine zvidimbu zvidiki zvemvura.
Vharuvhu yeGlobe inogona kushandiswa zvichienderana nehunhu hwenzvimbo yacho kusarudza musoro wevharuvhu, chigaro, zvinhu zveganda zvakakodzera. Kuti ushandise vharuvhu nekuda kwekuvharwa kwakashata kana musoro, chigaro nezvimwe zvikamu zvevharuvhu zvakakuvara, unogona kutora banga rakareruka, kukuya, pamusoro uye dzimwe nzira dzekugadzirisa nekushandisa, kuitira kuwedzera hupenyu hwevharuvhu.
②Vharuvhu yeGedhi
Yakamira yakatarisana nekwainoenda divi remvura neplate imwe kana mbiri dzakati sandara, nepamusoro pevharuvhu rinovhara kuti rivharwe. Vharuvhu rinosimudzwa kuti rivhure vharuvhu.
Plate yakati sandara ine kutenderera kwesimbi yevharuvhu nekusimudza, ine saizi yekuvhura kudzora kuyerera kwemvura. Kudzivirira kwevharuvhu uku kudiki, kushanda zvakanaka kwekuvhara, kushandura kunochengetedza basa, kunonyanya kukodzera mapaipi makuru e caliber, asi chimiro chevharuvhu yegedhi chakaoma, mhando dzakawanda.
Zvichienderana nechimiro chehunde, hunde dzakazaruka nehunde dzakasviba dziripo; zvichienderana nechimiro chevharuvhu, ndiro yacho yakakamurwa kuita mhando dze wedge, mhando dzakafanana nezvimwewo.
Kazhinji, ndiro yevharuvhu yemhando yewedge iplate imwe chete yevharuvhu, uye mhando yeparallel inoshandisa mavharuvhu maviri. Mhando yeparallel iri nyore kugadzira pane mhando yewedge, kugadzirisa kwakanaka, kushandiswa hakusi nyore kuchinja, asi haifanirwe kushandiswa kutakura tsvina iri mupaipi yemvura, kunyanya kutakura mvura, gasi rakachena, mafuta nemamwe mapaipi.
③Mavharuvhu ekubatanidza
Chivharo chinozivikanwa seCocker, ndiko kushandiswa kwemuviri wevharuvhu kuisa gomba repakati rine chivharo chakakombama kuvhura nekuvhara pombi.
Chivharo chinoenderana nemafomu akasiyana ekuvhara, chinogona kukamurwa kuita chivharo chekurongedza, chivharo chakavharirwa mafuta uye chisina chivharo chekurongedza nezvimwewo. Maumbirwo echivharo akareruka, saizi diki dzekunze, dzinovhurika uye dzinovhara nekukurumidza, dziri nyore kushandisa, dzinodzivirira mvura, dzinoita nyore kugadzira nzira nhatu kana nzira ina dzekugovera kana vharuvhu yekuchinja.
Nzvimbo yekuvharira mapulagi yakakura, iri nyore kupfeka, inonetsa kuchinja, haisi nyore kugadzirisa kuyerera kwemvura, asi inogurwa nekukurumidza. Puragi inogona kushandiswa kuderedza kumanikidzwa uye tembiricha kana yepakati ine zvidimbu zvakasimba mupaipi yemvura, asi haifanirwe kushandiswa kune kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, tembiricha yakakwira kana pombi yemhepo.
④Vharu yeThrottle
Inowanikwa mumhando imwe chete yevharuvhu yepasi. Chimiro chemusoro wevharuvhu yacho chakaita sedenderedzwa kana kuti chakapfava, izvo zvinogona kudzora kufamba kwemvura yakarongwa kana kuti kutenderera kwemhepo uye kudzorwa kwesimba. Vharuvhu iyi inoda kugadzirwa kwakanyatsojeka uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekuvhara.
Inonyanya kushandiswa pakudzora zvishandiso kana kutora sampling uye mamwe mapaipi, asi haifanirwe kushandiswa pakukora uye zvimedu zvakasimba mupaipi.
⑤Vharuvhu yeBhora
Vharuvhu yebhora, inozivikanwawo sevharuvhu yepakati pebhora, imhando yevharuvhu yakagadzirwa nekukurumidza mumakore achangopfuura. Inoshandisa bhora rine buri pakati sepakati pevharuvhu, zvichienderana nekutenderera kwebhora kudzora kuvhurwa kana kuvharwa kwevharuvhu.
Yakafanana nepuragi, asi diki pane chisimbiso chepuragi, chimiro chakabatana, inochengetedza vashandi nekuchinjana, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kupfuura puragi.
Nekuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa kwemavharuvhu ebhora, mavharuvhu ebhora haangoshandiswi chete mumapaipi ane simba shoma, uye ave achishandiswa mumapaipi ane simba guru. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekusakwana kwechinhu chinovhara, hachina kukodzera kushandiswa mumapaipi ane simba guru.
⑥ Mavharuvhu eDiaphragm
Mavharuvhu erabha diaphragm anowanikwa zvakanyanya. Kuvhurwa nekuvharwa kwevharuvhu iyi diaphragm yakakosha yerabha, diaphragm yakasungirirwa pakati pemuviri wevharuvhu nechifukidziro chevharuvhu, uye dhisiki riri pasi pehunde yevharuvhu rinodzvanya diaphragm zvakasimba pamuviri wevharuvhu kuti rivharwe.
Vharuvhu iyi ine chimiro chiri nyore, inovharwa zvakanaka, iri nyore kugadzirisa uye haipindi mvura yakawanda. Yakakodzera kutakura zvinhu zvine acidic uye mapaipi ane mvura ine zvinhu zvakasimba zvakasungirirwa, asi kazhinji haifanirwe kushandiswa pakumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kana tembiricha dzinopfuura 60 ℃, haifanirwe kushandiswa kutakura zvinhu zvinonyungudutsa organic uye zvinhu zvine oxidizing zvakasimba mupaipi.
⑦ Vharuvhu Yekutarisa
Inozivikanwawo semavharuvhu asingadzore kana kuti mavharuvhu ekutarisa. Inoiswa mupaipi kuitira kuti mvura ifambe ichienda kune rimwe divi, uye kuyerera kwemvura kusingabvumidzwe.
Ivharuvhu rinovhara otomatiki, rine vharuvhu kana ndiro inotenderera mumuviri wevharuvhu. Kana nzira yacho yayerera zvakanaka, mvura inovhura yega vharuvhu; kana mvura yayerera ichidzokera kumashure, mvura (kana simba rechitubu) inovhara yega vharuvhu. Zvichienderana nechimiro chakasiyana chevharuvhu rekutarisa, rakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri emhando yekusimudzira nekuchinja.
Chivharo chevharuvhu chekutarisa chikwidzo chakamira chakatarisana nekufamba kwekusimudza chiteshi chevharuvhu, chinowanzo shandiswa mupombi yakatwasuka kana yakatwasuka; chivharo chevharuvhu chekutarisa chinotenderera chinowanzo nzi rocker plate, divi re rocker plate rakabatana neshaft, rocker plate inogona kutenderedzwa yakatenderedza shaft, rotary check valvu inowanzo iswa mupombi yakatwasuka, dhayamita diki inogonawo kuiswa mupombi yakatwasuka, asi teerera kuyerera kwemvura hakufanirwe kunge kwakakura zvakanyanya.
Vharuvhu yekuyedza inowanzo shandiswa papipe yemidziyo yakachena, ine zvidimbu zvakasimba uye viscosity yepipe yemidziyo haifanirwe kushandiswa. Kushanda kwevharuvhu yekuyedza yemhando yekusimudza kuri nani pane yemhando yekuzunguza, asi kudzivirira kwemvura yevharuvhu yekuzunguza idiki pane yemhando yekusimudza. Kazhinji, vharuvhu yekuyedza yekuzunguza yakakodzera papipe yemidziyo yakakura.
⑧Vharuvhuti
Vharuvhu yemashavishavi idhisiki inotenderedzwa (kana dhisiki reoval) rinodzora kuvhurwa nekuvharwa kwepombi. Ichivakwa chiri nyore, zvidimbu zvidiki zvekunze.
Nekuda kwechimiro chekuvharwa uye matambudziko ekushandisa, kushanda kwevharuvhu kwakashata, chete nekuda kwekudzora kwepombi ine simba shoma, dhayamita hombe, inowanzoshandiswa mukufambisa mvura, mhepo, gasi nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa mupombi.
⑨ Vharuvhu Yokuderedza Kumanikidzwa
Kuderedza kumanikidzwa kwepakati kusvika padanho reimwe vharuvhu otomatiki, kumanikidzwa kwese mushure mevharuvhu kuve pasi pe50% yekumanikidzwa pamberi pevharuvhu, iyo inonyanya kushandisa diaphragm, chitubu, pisitoni nezvimwe zvikamu zvepakati kudzora musiyano wekumanikidzwa pakati pevharuvhu flap uye nzvimbo yechigaro chevharuvhu kuti ibudirire chinangwa chekuderedza kumanikidzwa.
Kune marudzi akawanda emavharuvhu ekuderedza kumanikidzwa, common piston uye diaphragm type two.
⑩ vharuvhu yekuisa mukati
Kuti pasave nekuora kwechinhu chinofukidza ngura, mamwe mavharuvhu anofanira kuputirwa nezvinhu zvinodzivirira ngura (zvakaita semutobvu, rabha, enamel, nezvimwewo) mumuviri wevharuvhu nemusoro wevharuvhu, zvinhu zvinofukidza ngura zvinofanirwa kusarudzwa zvichienderana nerudzi rwechinhu chinofukidza ngura.
Kuti zvive nyore kushandisa mavharuvhu ane tambo, anowanzogadzirwa nerudzi rwekona yekurudyi kana rudzi rwekuyerera kwakananga.
⑪Mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza
Kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuti kugadzirwa kwemakemikari kwakachengeteka, muhurongwa hwemapaipi ari pasi pekumanikidzwa, pane mudziyo wekuchengetedza unogara uripo, ndiko kuti, kusarudzwa kwehukobvu hwakati hwepepa resimbi, sekupinza bhodhi rakaiswa pamucheto wepaipi kana tee interface.
Kana kumanikidzwa kuri mupaipi kwakwira, pepa racho rinotyoka kuti pave nechinangwa chekurerutsa kumanikidzwa. Maplate akaputika anowanzo shandiswa mumapaipi ane kumanikidzwa kwakaderera, ane dhayamita hombe, asi mumapaipi mazhinji emakemikari ane mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza, mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza ane mhando dzakawanda, anogona kukamurwa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zviviri, zvinoti, ane spring-loaded uye lever-type.
Mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza ane chitubu anonyanya kuvimba nesimba rechitubu kuti avhare. Kana kumanikidzwa kuri mupombi kukadarika simba rechitubu, vharuvhu rinovhurwa nechinhu chinoyerera, uye mvura iri mupombi inoburitswa, kuitira kuti kumanikidzwa kuderere.
Kana kumanikidzwa kuri mupombi kwaderera pasi pesimba rechitubu, vharuvhu rinovhara zvakare. Mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza emhando yelever anonyanya kuvimba nesimba rehuremu riri palever kuti asimbise, musimboti wekushanda nerudzi rwechitubu. Sarudzo yevharuvhu rekuchengetedza, inobva pakumanikidzwa kwekushanda uye tembiricha yekushanda kuti ione huwandu hwekumanikidzwa, saizi yaro yecaliber inogona kuverengerwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa kuti uzive.
Rudzi rwemagadzirirwo evharuvhu yekuchengetedza, zvinhu zvevharuvhu zvinofanira kusarudzwa zvichienderana nerudzi rwenzvimbo yacho, mamiriro ekushanda. Kudzvanywa kwekutanga, kuyedzwa uye kugamuchirwa kwevharuvhu yekuchengetedza zvine zvinhu zvakakosha, kuongororwa nguva dzose nedhipatimendi rekuchengetedza, kudhinda kwechisimbiso, uye kushandiswa hazvifanirwe kugadziriswa zvisina tsarukano kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti zvakachengeteka.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-01-2023