1. Simbi yeWomic: Kugona Kugadzira & Simba reKambani
Womic Steel Group inoshandisa mitsetse yakawanda yekugadzira yeLSAW inosanganisira nzira nhatu huru dzekugadzira pamwe nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro hwemadziro anorema:
● Mutsetse weJCOE:Kune dhayamita 406mm – 1,422mm (16″–56″), ukobvu hwemadziro hunosvika 50.8mm. Kugadzira JCO nhanho nhanho nekuwedzera kwemuchina. Kushanda zvakanaka, kutenderera kwakanaka. Yakanakira kushandiswa kwetambo dzematombo dzakawanda dziri kumahombekombe.
●Mutsetse weUOE:Kune dhayamita 508mm – 1,220mm (20″–48″), ukobvu hwemadziro hunosvika 40mm. Kugadzira U-forming kozogadzira O-forming nekuwedzera kwehydraulic. Kunyatsojeka kwemhando yepamusoro (±0.2% OD), kunofarirwa pamapaipi emvura yakadzika uye sevhisi yakaoma.
●Purati Yakamonerwa (Musono Mumwe Chete):Kune dhayamita 600mm – 1,600mm (24″–63″), ukobvu hwemadziro hunobva pa25mm kusvika pa70mm. Pureti imwe chete inomonererwa musirindiri ine weld imwe chete. Yakanakira ukobvu hwemadziro hunorema kupfuura kugona kweJCOE/UOE.
●Purati Yakamonerwa (Musono Wakaviri):Kuti madziro akobvu kupfuura 50.8mm kusvika 80mm, uchishandisa maplate maviri akasungirirwa kwenguva refu. Anowanzoshandiswa pakuisa mapombi akawanda ane pressure yakakwira uye kushandisa arctic zvinoda kusimba kwakanyanya.
Huwandu hwese hweLSAW hunopfuura matani 300,000 pagore, nekugadzirwa kweX52 kwakatsaurirwa kunodarika matani 120,000 pagore. Womic Steel ine API 5L Monogram (License #API-5L-XXXX), ISO 9001, CE PED, uye inoongororwa nguva dzose neABS, DNV, TÜV, neBV. Rekodhi yepasi rose munyika dzinopfuura 80 nepaipi dzeX52 dzinopfuura makiromita 3,000.
Kuchinjika Kwekugadzira:
●JCOE: 406–1,422mm OD × 6.0–50.8mm Uzito × ≤ 18m
●UOE: 508–1,220mm OD × 6.0–40.0mm WIT × ≤ 24m (kuwedzera kwemuchina kunovandudza kutenderera)
●Pureti yakamonerwa (musono mumwe chete): 600–1,600mm OD × 25–70mm Uremu × ≤ 12m (huremu hunosvika matani makumi maviri nemashanu pajoini)
●Pureti yakamonerwa (musono wakakombama): 1,000–2,000mm OD × 25–80mm Uremu × ≤ 12m
Mapaipi ese anogona kupihwa PWHT (post-weld heat treatment) yekuchenesa madziro akakora kana kuti sour service. Kuyedzwa kwekupisa kwakaderera kunowanikwa kusvika -60°C kumapurojekiti eArctic.
2. API 5L X52: Kuumbwa kweZvinhu & Hunhu hweKushanda
API 5L X52 ndeimwe yemapaipi emugero akanyanya kutsanangurwa ekufambisa mafuta negasi zvine simba repakati kusvika rakakwirira pasi rose. Nesimba remugero re360 MPa (52,200 psi) uye simba rekudhonza re460 MPa (66,700 psi), X52 inopa simba rakakwirira ne47% kupfuura GR.B, zvichiita kuti ukobvu hwemadziro huderere ne25-30% kune chiyero chimwe chete chekumanikidzwa. Chiratidzo che "X" chinoratidza pombi yemugero ine simba guru, uye "52" inomiririra simba remugero remugero mu ksi.
Kuumbwa kweMakemikoro (Kuongororwa kweMatanda, % yepamusoro nehuremu):
| Chinhu | API 5L X52 PSL1 (yakanyanya %) | API 5L X52 PSL2 (yakanyanya %) |
| C | 0.24 | 0.22 |
| Mn | 1.40 | 1.40 |
| P | 0.025 | 0.025 |
| S | 0.015 | 0.015 |
| Si | 0.45 | 0.45 |
| V | 0.10 | 0.10 |
| Nb | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| Ti | 0.04 | 0.04 |
PSL2 inoda carbon equivalent (CEV) ≤ 0.43% kuti ive nani pakunamira zvakanaka mumunda. Microalloying neNb, V, Ti zvinopa kucheneswa kwegorosi uye kusimbisa kunaya kwemvura.
Zvimiro zveMichina (Kupisa Kwemukamuri):
| Pfuma | API 5L X52 PSL1 | API 5L X52 PSL2 |
| Simba reKubereka (min) | 360 MPa (52,200 psi) | 360–530 MPa |
| Simba reKusimba (miniti) | 460 MPa (66,700 psi) | 460–760 MPa |
| Kureba (miniti) | 21% (yegeji ye50mm) | 21% |
| Kuoma (kwakanyanya) | Hazvina kutaurwa | 90 HRB |
| Kusimba Kwemhedzisiro (min) | Hazvidikanwi | 27 J @ 0°C (sarudzo -20°C, -40°C, -60°C) |
Kuenzanisa neGR.B neX65:
| Giredhi | Goho reMPa | MPa inonamira | Kushandiswa Kwakajairika |
| GR.B | 245 | 415 | Kugoverwa kwemvura/gasi kwakajairika |
| X52 | 360 | 460 | Mitsetse yevhu ine simba guru, iri pamhenderekedzo/kunze kwegungwa |
| X65 | 450 | 535 | Kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, mvura yakadzika, arctic |
3. Kutevedzera Dimensional Range & Standards
| Chinhu | Tsanangudzo |
| Zvakajairika | API 5L PSL1 / PSL2 (zvakare ISO 3183 L360) |
| Maitiro Ekugadzira | JCOE, UOE, ndiro yakakungurutswa (musono mumwe chete/wakapetwa kaviri) |
| Dhayamita Yekunze | 219mm – 1,600mm (8″ – 63″) |
| Ruvara rweMadziro | JCOE/UOE: 5.0mm – 50.8mm; Ndiro yakamonerwa: 25mm – 70mm (kusvika 80mm yakagadzirwa) |
| Hurefu hwehurefu | Yakajairwa: 6m, 12m, 18m; Yakatambanudzwa: kusvika 24m (JCOE/UOE) kana 12m (rusvingo rwakakungurutswa rwakareba) |
| Kupedzisa Kupedzisa | Mugumo Wakajeka (PE), Mugumo Wakatsemurwa (BE) paAPI 5L (mugumo we30°, 1.6mm chitarisiko chemidzi chakajairika) |
| Kupedzisa Kwepamusoro | Yakashama, Yakazorwa Mafuta, 3LPE, 3LPP, FBE, Coal Tar Epoxy, Liquid Epoxy |
| Kushivirira | OD: ±0.5% kana ±3.2mm (chero zvishoma); Huremu: -0% / +15%; Kureba: +50mm / -0mm |
4. Zviyero & Magadzirirwo Anowanikwa - API 5L X52 LSAW Steel Pipe (Saizi Dzakajairwa Dzakasarudzwa)
| OD (mm) | Sarudzo dzeWT (mm) | Maitiro | Huremu hunenge (kg/m2) | Kureba Kwakajairwa | Kushandiswa Kwakajairika |
| 273 | 6.4, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5 | JCOE | 42.1 – 80.1 | 12m | Kugoverwa kwegasi |
| 324 | 6.4, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0 | JCOE | 50.2 – 107.1 | 12m / 18m | Kuunganidzwa kwemafuta |
| 406 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0 | JCOE/UOE | 78.5 – 153.9 | 12m / 18m | Mitsetse yemafuta asina kuchena |
| 508 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0 | UOE | 98.6 – 229.1 | 12m / 18m / 24m | Mitsetse yekutakura gasi |
| 610 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0 | UOE | 148.0 – 319.1 | 12m / 18m / 24m | Gasi rine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya |
| 711 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4 | JCOE/UOE | 172.9 – 429.4 | 12m / 18m | Mitsetse yemafuta |
| 813 | 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0 | JCOE | 246.7 – 579.8 | 12m / 18m | Gasi remunyika dzakasiyana-siyana |
| 914 | 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0 | JCOE | 310.8 – 759.2 | 12m / 18m | Mitsetse mikuru yehunde |
| 1,016 | 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0 | JCOE/Yakamoneredzwa | 394.6 – 963.9 | 12m | Gasi rine huwandu hwakawanda |
| 1,220 | 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0, 45.0, 50.0 | Yakakungurutswa (imwe chete) | 563.0 – 1,304.2 | 12m | Mapaipi ekunze kwegungwa |
| 1,422 | 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0, 45.0, 50.0, 55.0 | Yakakungurutswa (imwe chete) | 875.1 – 1,692.5 | 12m | Zvikwiriso zvemvura yakadzika |
| 1,600 | 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 60.0, 70.0 | Yakakungurutswa (kaviri) | 1,162 - 2,640 | 10m / 12m | Arctic/kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya |
*Mapaipi emadziro anorema (≥ 32mm) anoda PWHT kuderedza kushushikana kwasara uye kusangana nemiganhu yekuomarara kuti basa rive rakaoma. Madziro akakora X52 anowanzo shandiswa pakubaya mvura ine simba rakawanda pa25-35 MPa.*
5. Mitemo Yakafanana & Magiredhi - LSAW Line Pipe & Structural Pipe
| Zvakajairika | Magiredhi eSimbi | Kushandiswa Kwakajairika | Maitiro Ekuumba |
| API 5L PSL1/PSL2 | X52, X60, X65, X70 | Kutapurirana kwemafuta/gasi | JCOE/UOE/Yakamoneredzwa |
| API 5L PSL2 (yakaonda) | X52, X65 | Basa reSour (H₂S) | UOE + PWHT |
| ASTM A53 | GR.B | Mapaipi ekumanikidza akaderera | JCOE |
| ASTM A106 | GR.B/C | Tembiricha yakakwira | JCOE/Yakamoneredzwa |
| EN 10217-1 | S235JR, S275JR | Machubhu ekumanikidza | JCOE |
| EN 10219 | S355JRH, S355J2H | Zvikamu zvechivako | JCOE/Yakamoneredzwa |
| DNV-OS-F101 | L360 (X52) | Mapaipi epasi pegungwa | UOE |
| BS 7191 | L360 (X52) | Zvivakwa zvekunze kwegungwa | UOE/Yakamoneredzwa |
| NORSOK M-120 | X52 | Mapombi epuratifomu yekunze kwenyika | UOE |
Pfupiso yekushandiswa:Mitsetse yemafuta/gasi iri kure, kutumirwa kwegasi rine simba guru, mapaipi egungwa, sevhisi yesour, jekiseni remvura, mapaipi eArctic, mapaipi ecompressor station, kuunganidzwa kwemapuratifomu egungwa.
6. Maitiro Ekugadzira - LSAW (JCOE / UOE / Rolled Plate) yeX52 Steel Pipe
Womic Steel inosarudza maitiro akakodzera zvichienderana nedhayamita, ukobvu hwemadziro, uye zvinodiwa zvemidziyo. Maitiro ese anosanganisira kudzora kupisa zvakanyanya kuchengetedza maitiro eX52 ane microalloy.
Maitiro eJCOE (406–1,422mm OD, 6.0–50.8mm WIT):
● Kugaya simbi yeplate (X kana J bevel) nemazvo ± 0.5mm
● Kukombama (kukombama) kwemativi kusvika pahukuru hwe 1.5x plate
● Kugadzira chimiro cheJ (kudzvanya punch) - chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chekutanga chedenderedzwa
● Kuumbwa kwechimiro cheC (nhevedzano yemadhayi) - chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chechipiri chedenderedzwa
● Kugadzira chimiro cheO (cylinder yekupedzisira) - kuvhara musono
● Kubatanidza zvidzitiro (kunongedza zvidzitiro zvemamita 300 ega ega pamusono)
● Inner SAW (inoshandisa waya imwe chete kana yakawanda, kupisa kunodzorwa kusvika ≤ 3.5 kJ/mm)
● Kuboora musana (mhepo kana kukuya) kuti upinde zvizere
● KUSAW YEKUNZE (kupfuura nepakati pemadziro akakora, kupinza kwekupisa kunotariswa)
● Kuwedzera kwemuchina (1–1.5% OD inowedzera, inovandudza kutenderera kusvika ±0.3%)
● Yakakodzera kushandiswa kwetambo dzekutakura zvinhu dziri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa
Maitiro eUOE (508–1,220mm OD, 6.0–40mm WIT):
● U-press inoita kuti ndiro ive nechimiro cheU (simba rematani 2000-4000)
● O-press inovhara kuita chimiro che cylindrical (simba rematani 3000-6000)
● Chinotambanudza (chemuchina) kusvika padhayamita yekupedzisira uye kutenderera (zvikamu zvinokura 48-72)
● Kuwedera kwakafanana neJCOE asi nemagetsi akawanda (pombi imwe pamaminitsi 3-4)
● Inoshandiswa pamapaipi emvura yakadzika uye sevhisi yakaoma nekuda kwekutenderera kwakanyanya (± 0.2% OD) uye kushushikana kwakaderera kwezvishoma.
● Kudzika kwechiuno kunoita kuti chivharo chebuckle chive chakavimbika
Purati Yakamoneredzwa (Musono Mumwe Chete) weMadziro Anorema (600–1,600mm OD, 25–70mm WIT):
● Pureti yesimbi imwe chete inomonererwa musirindiri uchishandisa muchina wekukotamisa une marori mana
● Kutenderedza nhanho nhanho: pre-roll, rough roll, finish roll (kazhinji 15-20 passs)
● Musono werefu wakasungirirwa neSAW (zvishoma kupfuura zvitatu: mudzi, zadza, chivharo)
● Hapana kuwedzera kwemuchina (kutenderera kunowanikwa kuburikidza nekutenderera kwakarurama, kwakajairika ± 0.5%)
● Yakakodzera mapaipi emadziro akakora uko JCOE/UOE tooling yakaganhurirwa
● Inoda PWHT (kuderedza kushushikana) kuti madziro akobvu kupfuura 32mm kuti akwane zvinodiwa pakuoma
Purati Yakamonerwa (Musono Wakakombama) weMadziro Akaremara Zvikuru / Dhayamita Yakakura Zvikuru (1,000–2,000mm OD, 25–80mm WIT):
● Maplate maviri akamonerwa kuita hafu-cylinder ndokusungirirwa pamwe chete nemipendero miviri yakareba
● Inowanzo shandiswa pakugadzira mapaipi ane simba guru, mapaipi epenstock, uye mapaipi eArctic
● Zvese zvinonamira 100% UT uye RT zvakaongororwa
● PWHT inosungirwa pamisungo yese iri mirefu
Kurapa Kupisa Mushure meWeld (PWHT):Kana madziro akakora > 32mm kana kuti anoshandiswa semvura inodziya (H₂S), Womic inopa mushonga wekudzikisa kushushikana muchoto chemotokari (kusvika pakureba kwemamita 12) kana kuti uchishandisa induction heating yemapaipi marefu. Kupisa kunonyoroveswa 580-620°C kweawa imwe chete pahukobvu hwe25mm. Kuomarara mushure mePWHT kunodzorwa kusvika ≤ 90 HRB (kana ≤ 248 HV10). Kana anoshandiswa semvura inodziya, chinangwa chakajairika i ≤ 85 HRB yekuwedzera kuchengetedzeka.
Kugona Kupisa Kwakaderera:Kune mapurojekiti eArctic, Womic inogona kupa X52 Charpy impact testing pa -46°C (min 27J, typical 80-120J) uye DWTT (Drop Weight Tear Test) ine shear area ≥ 85% pa -20°C.
7. Maitiro Ekuongorora Hunhu & Kudzora Pipe Yesimbi yeAPI 5L X52 LSAW
| Danho | Nzira yekuongorora | Chinangwa | Maitiro Anoshanda |
| Ndiro | Kuongorora Makemikari (OES) | Simbisa miganhu yekuumbwa kweX52 | Zvese |
| Ndiro | Ultrasonic (Kuongorora Lamination) | Tsvaga zvikanganiso zvemukati | Zvese |
| Ndiro | Kubata / Kukombama | Kusimbiswa kwemuchina | Zvese |
| Ndiro | Kuyerwa kwehukuru hwezviyo (ASTM E112) | Iva nechokwadi chekuti chimiro che microalloyd chakagadzirwa | X52 PSL2 |
| Panguva yekuumbwa | Dimensional (dhayamita, ovality) | Iva nechokwadi chekuti zvakafanana | Zvese |
| Musono we weld | 100% Automated UT (kana PAUT neTOFD) | Tarisa kusavapo kwekubatana, slag, uye porosity | Zvese |
| Musono we weld | RT (nzvimbo 10-100% kana yatsanangurwa) | Kusimbiswa kwemhando ye weld | Zvese |
| Musono we weld | MPI (zvigunwe neHAZ) | Matsemuka epamusoro | Zvese |
| Musono we weld | Kuoma kwenzira (weld, HAZ, BM) | Kusimbiswa kwebasa reSour | PSL2 / munyu |
| Pombi yapera | Kuedzwa kweHydrostatic (pa API 5L) | Kutendeseka kwekumanikidzwa (85-100% SMYS) | Zvese |
| Pombi yapera | Charpy V-Notch (PSL2) | Kusimba kwekupisa kwakaderera | PSL2 chete |
| Pombi yapera | Kuoma (HRB/HV10) – mapoinzi matatu | Kutevedzera mitemo yebasa rayo | PSL2 / munyu |
| Pombi yapera | Kukombama Kunotungamirirwa / Kukweva | Kugona kuita zvinhu | Zvese |
| Pombi yapera | Zvinoonekwa & zviratidzo | Mamiriro epamusoro, kurongeka kwekutevera | Zvese |
| Pombi yapera | DWTT (sarudzo) | Kudzora kupararira kwekukuvara | Arctic/yakasvibira |
Sarudzo yebasa rinokosha:
● HIC paNACE TM0284 (Mhinduro A kana B, 96h) – yekushandira sour
● SSC paNACE TM0177 (Nzira A, 720h) – yenzvimbo yeH₂S
● Kupisa kwakaderera pa -20°C, -40°C, -46°C, kana -60°C
● DWTT pa -20°C kana pasi kuti pave nekugadzirwa kwekudzivirira kutyoka kweganda
● Mepu yakazara yekuomarara kwechikamu (weld centerline, HAZ, base metal)
● CVN (Charpy) transition curve kubva -60°C kusvika +20°C
Kuyedzwa kweCTOD (Crack Tip Opening Displacement) kwevanokwira makomo vari kunze kwenyika
8. Mashandisirwo Ekutanga - API 5L X52 LSAW Steel Pipe
●Mitsetse yemafuta iri kure– Kutakura oiri isina kucheneswa kubva kuminda kuenda kunzvimbo dzinocheneswa mafuta (kumanikidzwa kusvika ku10 MPa)
●Kutapurirana kwegasi rechisikigo rine simba guru– Mitsetse yemagetsi egasi inoyambuka nyika (kumanikidzwa kusvika ku12 MPa)
● Mapaipi ekunze kwegungwa- Mitsetse yemvura iri pasi pegungwa uye mitsetse yekutumira kunze kwenyika (maitiro eUOE anodiwa pakutenderera)
● Mapaipi ebasa remushonga– Oiri negasi zvine H₂S (PSL2 ine HIC/SSC testing, PWHT inoshandiswa)
● Mitsetse yekuisa mvura– Kudzoreredza mafuta kwakawedzerwa, kumanikidzwa kusvika ku35 MPa (plate inorema yakamonerwa pamadziro)
● Mapaipi eArctic– Nzvimbo dzinogara muchando dzine tembiricha yakaderera kusvika -46°C
● Mapombi ecompressor ne pombi dzepombi- Mapaipi echiteshi ane simba guru ane magumo akapinza
● Zvikwiriso zvepuratifomu zvekunze kwegungwa- Zvikwiriso zvinosimudzira simba zvinoda kuyedzwa kweCTOD uye dhizaini yekuneta
● Kuumbwa kwezvivakwa zvepuratifomu dziri kunze kwenyika- Mirwi yenheyo ine mutoro wakawanda mumvura yakadzika
● Zvivako zvemagetsi emvura- Madziro anorema, dhayamita hombe, kutakura mvura ine simba guru
9. Kurongedza & Kutumira - API 5L X52 LSAW Steel Pipe
Kurongedza:
● Madhayamita madiki (≤ 24″): Mapaketi ane hexagonal, simbi yakasungirirwa nemidziyo yekudzivirira pamucheto (mapaketi 3-5 papaketi)
● Madhayamita makuru (> 24″): Mapaipi ega ega, akaparadzaniswa nedunnage yemapuranga nemapedhi erabha (mapoinzi maviri edunnage papombi imwe neimwe)
● Zvivharo zvekupedzisira: Zvivharo zvepurasitiki kana zvesimbi zvinorema (mativi akakomberedzwa akadzivirirwa kubva pakurovera kana kupwanyika)
● Dziviriro yekuvhara: Yemapaipi ane 3LPE/FBE akaputirwa, mhete dzefuro kana mapepa erabha pakati pezvikamu kudzivirira kukweshana panguva yekufamba kwemidziyo yeropa
● Zvidziviriro zveshinda (kana magumo eshinda akataurwa): Zvidziviriro zveshinda zvepurasitiki kana zvesimbi
Nzira dzekutumira:
● Ngarava dzine huremu hwakakura hwematani anopfuura mazana mashanu kana dhayamita hombe (kurodha zvakananga kubva kufekitori kuenda kungarava)
● Matangi ane 20ft/40ft edhayamita diki (akaunganidzwa, matani makumi maviri nemashanu pamudziyo)
● Matura akatsetseka kana midziyo yakavhurika pamusoro yakareba zvakanyanya (kusvika 24m)
● Zvishandiso zvekutakura zvinhu zvakawanda zvine pombi yakasarudzika (zvichishandisa dunnage uye lashing)
● Kutakura chitima kunzvimbo dzisina ngarava (kubva kuTianjin kana zviteshi zveShanghai kuenda kuInner Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia)
Magwaro anobatanidzwa pane zvese zvinotumirwa:
● Chitupa Chebvunzo yeMugayo (EN 10204 Type 3.1 kana 3.2 kana zvakumbirwa)
● Mushumo weKuedza kweHydrostatic (nekumanikidzwa, nguva, uye data rekuwedzera)
● Mushumo weKuedzwa kweUltrasonic (100% weld uye muviri, kusanganisira nzvimbo isina kunaka kana iripo)
● Mushumo weKuedzwa kweX-ray (kana wakatsanangurwa, nemifananidzo yefirimu kana yedhijitari)
● Mushumo weKuongorora mativi (OD, WT, kureba, ovality, kutwasuka)
● Chitupa Chekuputira (kana chakaputirwa: ukobvu, kunamira, bvunzo yezororo)
● Mushumo weKuzivikanwa Kwezvinhu Zvakanaka (PMI)
● Rondedzero yezvekurongedza (ine nhamba dzemapaipi nezviyero)
● Mainvoice ekutengeserana uye Rondedzero yeKurongedza
● Chitupa Chekutanga (kazhinji kuChina, asi chinogona kupa COO fomu E, fomu F, nezvimwewo)
● Chitupa Chekutakura (kutakura zvinhu mugungwa) kana Chitupa Chekufambisa Mumhepo (kutakura zvinhu mumhepo kuti zviongororwe nekukurumidza)
10. Mabhenefiti eSimbi yeWomic & Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa - API 5L X52 LSAW Steel Pipe
Sei Womic Steel yeX52 LSAW?
● Maitiro matatu anoenderana (JCOE, UOE, ndiro yakakungurutswa) ine dhayamita 219–1,600mm
● Kugona kwemadziro kwakakora kusvika 70mm (musono mumwe chete) kana 80mm (musono wakakamurwa kaviri) wekuisa jekiseni rine simba guru uye nzvimbo dzeArctic
● Kukwanisa kwechoto chePWHT: 12m kureba × 3m dhayamita, pamwe nekudziisa kwe induction kwemapombi marefu
● Kuyedzwa kwekupisa kwakaderera kusvika -60°C (Arctic grade X52)
● Basa reSour rakabvumidzwa neHIC/SSC testing (NACE TM0284, TM0177)
● API 5L Monogram + CE + kuongororwa kwevamwe (SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, ABS, LR)
● Kukurumidza kudzoserwa: Mazuva 30-45 ekushandisa X52 PSL1 yakajairwa, mazuva 45-60 ekushandisa PSL2 sour service
● Kureba kusvika ku24m kunoderedza kupinza kwemunda ne30-40% (zvakajairika 12m vs 18m vs 24m)
● Kunyatsoteererwa kubva panhamba yekupisa kweplate kusvika papombi yapera (nhamba yekupisa yakasimbiswa papombi yega yega)
● Mapaipi eX52 anopfuura makiromita 3,000 anopiwa pasi rose pasina kana kutadza kushanda
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa:
Mubvunzo: Ndeupi musiyano mukuru uripo pakati peX52 PSL1 nePSL2 yepombi yeLSAW?
A: PSL2 ine miganhu yakasimba yekuumbwa kwemakemikari (C yakaderera, P, S), Charpy impact simplicity inosungirwa (27J minimum @ 0°C kana pasi), miganhu yakanyanya yekuoma (90 HRB), uye inoda NDT yakasimba (100% UT zvichienzaniswa nespot UT yePSL1). Kune mapaipi egasi ane pressure yakakwira, offshore, kana sour service, PSL2 inosungirwa. Kune migero yemvura kana oiri ine pressure yakaderera, PSL1 inogamuchirwa uye inodhura zvishoma.
Mubvunzo: Munogona here kupa X52 bvunzo yekukanganisa kwekupisa kushoma kumapurojekiti eArctic?
A: Ehe. Tinopa X52 PSL2 neCharpy impact testing pa -46°C (min 27J) uye DWTT pa -20°C (min 85% shear area). Takapa arctic grade X52 kumapurojekiti ekuCanada neRussia. Ndapota taurai tembiricha inodiwa yekuyedza uye simba paunenge uchibvunza.
Mubvunzo: Upfumi hwakanyanya hwakadii hwaunogona kugadzira paX52 LSAW?
A: Maitiro eJCOE anosvika 50.8mm, maitiro eUOE anosvika 40mm, musono weplate imwe chete wakakungurutswa unosvika 70mm, musono weplate wakakungurutswa unosvika 80mm. Kuti madziro akobvu kupfuura 50.8mm, PWHT inosungirwa. Munguva pfupi yapfuura takapa X52 1,600mm OD × 70mm WT yepurojekiti yekupinza mvura ine simba rakawanda muOman.
Mubvunzo: Unodzora sei kuomarara kweX52 sour service?
A: Tinodzora kuumbwa kwemakemikari (CEV ≤ 0.40% yekushanda kwakakora, pasi pe 0.43%), tinodzora kupisa panguva yekusanganisa SAW (≤ 3.0 kJ/mm), uye tinoisa PWHT pakukora kwemadziro ≥ 20mm. Kuoma mushure mePWHT kunowanzova 78-85 HRB yesimbi yekutanga uye 82-88 HRB yekubatanidza. Tinopa magwaro akazara ekushanda kwekuomarara.
Mubvunzo: Munoita ongororo yemapaipi eX52 LSAW kubva kune vamwe vanhu here?
A: Ehe. Tinoshanda neSGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, ABS, uye LR. Kuongorora uku kunogona kuitwa pafekitori yedu panguva yekugadzira, zvichionekwa nemumiriri wemutengi kana sangano rechitatu. Tinopa zvitupa zveEN 10204 Type 3.2 kana zvakumbirwa.
Q: Ndeipi nguva yakajairika yekuendesa pombi yeX52 LSAW?
A: Nguva yakatarwa yekutumira: mazuva 30-45 ePSL1, mazuva 45-60 ePSL2 ine kuyedzwa kwebasa rakaoma. Zvinokwanisika kuodha nekukurumidza (mazuva 20-30) kana paine huwandu hushoma (<500 matani). Kune maodha makuru kwazvo (>10,000 matani), nguva yekutumira inogona kusvika mazuva 75 zvichienderana nekuwanikwa kweplate.
Mubvunzo: Munogona here kupa X52 3LPE coating uye kongiri yehuremu hwekongiri yemapaipi ekunze kwegungwa?
A: Ehe. Tinopa 3LPE coating pa ISO 21809 (2.5-3.5mm ukobvu hwese) uye tinokwanisa kuronga coating yekongiri (40-120mm ukobvu, density 2,400-3,050 kg/m³) payadhi yedu yekuputira muTianjin. Takapa mapurojekiti eX52 akaputirwa kunze kwenyika kuVietnam, Indonesia, neMiddle East.
Chirevo cheProjekti - East Africa Crude Oil Export Pipeline
Nyika:Uganda / Tanzania (East Africa Crude Oil Pipeline – EACOP)
Standard & Giredhi:API 5L X52 PSL2 (basa rakaoma, rine kuyedzwa kweHIC neSSC)
Zviyero & Huwandu:
● OD 610mm (24″) × Huremu 12.7mm – 48,000 metres (anenge matani 7,200) yakagadzirwa neUOE process
● OD 610mm (24″) × Huremu 15.9mm – 12,000 metres (anenge matani 2,400) yakagadzirwa neUOE process (rusvingo rwakakora rwekuyambuka rwizi)
● OD 914mm (36″) × Huremu 19.0mm – 8,500 metres (anenge matani 3,400) yakagadzirwa neJCOE process yekuisa mitsetse yepombi pachiteshi chepombi
Huwandu:Mamita 68,500 (68.5 km), matani angangoita 13,000
Magadzirirwo:Kuvhara kwekunze kwe3LPE (3.0mm ukobvu hwese) zvichienderana neISO 21809, magumo akachekwa 30° / 1.6mm kumeso kwemidzi, hydrotest pa11.5 MPa (dhizaini yekumanikidza 8.5 MPa). Kumanikidzwa kweCharpy pa0°C (min 27J, yakasvika 85-120J). HIC paNACE TM0284 Mhinduro A, 96h - kugamuchirwa: CLR ≤ 5%, CTR ≤ 1.5%, CSR ≤ 0.5%. SSC paNACE TM0177 Nzira A, 720h - hapana kutsemuka kunobvumidzwa. PWHT yakashandisirwa mapaipi ese ane WT ≥ 15.9mm.
Kushandiswa:Pombi yekutengesera mafuta asina kuchena kubva kuUganda isina gungwa (nzvimbo yeHoima) kuenda kuchiteshi cheTanga cheTanzania paIndian Ocean. Kureba kwepombi yese 1,443 km. Womic Steel yakapa 68.5 km yehuwandu hwese, kusanganisira zvikamu zvichipfuura nenzvimbo dzemhuka dzinonetsa uye nzvimbo huru dzekuyambuka nzizi.
Matambudziko ehunyanzvi nemhinduro:
● Kutevedzera mitemo yemafuta asina kuchena ane H₂S– Chingwa chisina kuchena chekuUganda chine H₂S yakanyungudutswa kusvika ku15 ppm ine mvura. Kuongororwa kwakasimba kweHIC neSSC kwaidiwa. Womic yakaita bvunzo dzekuongorora pazvikamu gumi nezvishanu zvekugadzira. Zvese zvakapasa neCLR 0%, CTR 0%, CSR 0% yeHIC. Kuongororwa kweSSC (NACE TM0177, 720h) hakuna kuratidza kutsemuka kwepamusoro. Takaita izvi nekuchengeta CEV ≤ 0.38% (pasi pemuganho wePSL2 we0.43%) uye kushandisa PWHT pamapombi ese ari pamusoro pe12.7mm WT, kunyangwe API 5L isingamanikidze PWHT pasi pe25.4mm. Muongorori wevatengi (SGS) akaona bvunzo dzese.
● Zvipingamupinyi zvezvakatipoteredza munzvimbo dzemhuka dzesango– Pombi iyi inopfuura nemunzvimbo mbiri dzekuchengetedza mhuka dzenyika. Kukuvadzwa kwependi panguva yekuisa kwaizove kwakaoma kugadzirisa nekuda kwekushaikwa kwenzvimbo. Womic akaisa polyethylene (yakawedzera 0.5mm pamusoro pe3LPE yakajairwa) sependi isingakwezve. Takaitawo 100% yekuona nguva yekuzorora pa7kV (yakajairwa i5kV) kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti hapana nguva yekuzorora kwependi. Simba rependi rakaedzwa pa250 N/cm pa25°C, 150 N/cm pa70°C.
● Makwambuko erwizi anoda madziro akakora– Mapombi mashanu makuru ekuyambuka rwizi (Nile river) aida huremu hwe15.9mm pachinzvimbo che12.7mm kuti awedzere kudzivirira kudonha uye kukotama panguva yekuisa sagbend. Pamapaipi aya akakora emadziro, takashandisa nzira yeUOE kuti madziro arambe akatenderera zvakanaka (±0.2% OD) kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti madziro emumunda akasimba anonamira munzvimbo dzinoyambuka. Kureba kweoval kwakayerwa pa0.15-0.18%, pasi pemuganhu we0.5%.
● Kufamba netsoka kure– Mapaipi akatumirwa kubva kuShanghai kuenda kuchiteshi cheDar es Salaam (Tanzania), ndokuzoendeswa nemarori makiromita chiuru nemazana maviri kuenda kunzvimbo yepombi yeUganda. Mamiriro emigwagwa kumadokero kweTanzania anosanganisira zvikamu zvisina kugadzirwa. Womic yakagadzira hurongwa hwekutakura zvinhu: hurefu hwemamita gumi nemaviri chete (hapana majoini e18m echikamu cheUganda) kuti akwane marori akajairwa. Pombi yega yega yaive yakasungirirwa nemachira ekuisa zvinhu. Takapa madhayagiramu ekutakura zvinhu nekudzidzisa kambani yemo yekutakura zvinhu. Hapana mapombi akakuvara panguva yekufamba kwemakiromita chiuru nemazana maviri.
● Zvinyorwa zvakasimba uye kurongeka kwekutevera– Purojekiti iyi yaida EN 10204 Type 3.2 certificates panhamba yega yega yekupisa, ine kutevedza kwakazara kubva paplate kusvika papombi yakapedzwa. Womic yakapa mutariri wemagwaro akazvipira uyo aitevera mapaipi ese emakiromita 68.5. Pombi yega yega yakadhindwa nhamba yekupisa, nhamba yepombi, uye GPS coordinates yekugadzira. Chikwata cheQA chemutengi chakaongorora nzvimbo yedu kaviri panguva yekugadzira; ongororo dzese dzakapasa pasina kutevedzera.
Mhedzisiro:Mapaipi emafuta asina kuchena eEast Africa (EACOP) akarongerwa kupera kugadzirwa mukota yechipiri yegore ra2025. Mapaipi emafuta eX52 PSL2 eWomic Steel ane matani zviuru gumi nematatu,000 akaunzwa kwemwedzi misere (kutumirwa kwekutanga muna Gumiguru 2023, kutumirwa kwekupedzisira muna Chivabvu 2024). Mapaipi ese akaongororwa neSGS Tanzania. Mutengi (boka remakambani emafuta epasi rose) akapa tsamba yekurumbidza nekudzora hunhu hweWomic uye kutumirwa kwayo nenguva. Womic ikozvino ikambani inokwanisa kupa mapaipi ekuwedzera mune ramangwana munharaunda iyi.
Bata nesu:
Webhusaiti: www.womicsteel.com
E-mail: sales@womicsteel.com
Nhare / WhatsApp / WeChat:
Victor: +86 15575100681
Jack: +86 18390957568
Womic Steel – Mubatsiri wako wakavimbika wemapaipi eAPI 5L X52 LSAW emafuta ane simba rakawanda uye gasi, sevhisi yakaoma, mapaipi eArctic, uye mashandisirwo ekunze kwenyika pasi rese.
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