Nei Gwaro Iri Richikosha (Kunyangwe Uchifunga Kuti Watoziva)
Ngatitaurei chokwadi - makambani mazhinji esimbi haateereri mapoto esimbi kusvika chimwe chinhu chatsemuka kana kuti trunnion yaita seyakanganisika. Zvadaro zvinova dambudziko: kugadzirwa kwamira, unotsvaga imwe itsva, uye vatariri vekuchengetedza vanoshaya hope.
Takaona maitiro akafanana pafekitori dzesimbi dzinopfuura zana. Mashoko akanaka: kutadza kushanda kwehari dzesimbi nguva isati yakwana kunogona kudzivirirwa nekugadzirisa kuri nyore uye kwakachipa. Gwaro iri rinokupa matanho anoshanda - hapana michina yepamusoro, hapana vanopa mazano vanodhura.
*Zvakavakirwa pamhinduro chaiyo kubva kuvatengi veWomic Steel kwemakore anopfuura gumi nemaviri, pamwe chete nepfungwa dzakabva kumainjiniya ekugadzirisa avo vakachengetedza mapoto eslag achishanda kweanopfuura zviuru gumi.*
Chikamu 1: Zvikonzero Chaizvo Zvinoita Kuti Hari Dzetsvina Dzife (Kwete Zvaunoudzwa Nevatengesi)
| Chikonzero Chekukundikana | % yeZvirwere (Data reWomic field) | Nguva Yakajairika |
| Kutsemuka kwemafuta ane simba (rim & sidewall) | 42% | Makore 2–4 |
| Midzi yeTrunnion yakatsemuka | 28% | Makore 3–5 |
| Kuomesa tsvina / kukuvara kwemuchina | 18% | Chero nguva |
| Kucheneswa kwemadziro / kukurwa kwevhu | 8% | Makore 4–6 |
| Chikanganiso chekutanga chekukanda | 4% |
Pfungwa huru:Kuneta kwekupisa ndiko nhamba 1. Izvi zvinoitika nekuti hari dzeslag dzinochinja kubva pakupisa kwakatsvuka (1,600°C) kusvika pakutonhora zvishoma (300–500°C) ka10–20 pazuva. Kutenderera kwega kwega kunokura nekukakama simbi. Nekufamba kwenguva, tumaburi tudiki tunotanga pamucheto wopararira pasi.
Chii chinoita kuti zvinyanye kuipa:
● Kutonhodza kusina kuenzana (mvura yakapfapfaidzwa kune rumwe rutivi)
● Nguva refu yekubata netsvina isina kukwana (inogadzira nzvimbo dzinopisa)
● Magadzirirwo asina kunaka ehuni (radius yakapinza = kushushikana kwakanyanya)
● Mashoko akanaka - nekuchinja kushoma, unogona kuwedzera 1,000–2,000 cycles muhari yega yega.
Chikamu 2: Kuongorora Zuva Nezuva & Kwevhiki (Munhu Wese Anogona Kuita)
Hamudi mainjiniya ane certification yeNDT kuti muite izvi. Dzidzisai vashandi vemacrane enyu kana vatariri vemashift. Zvinotora maminetsi mashanu papoto imwe neimwe.
Kuchinja Kwese - Kuongorora Zvinoonekwa
| Zvekutarisa | Zvinorevei | Chiito |
| Mutseko mutsva pamucheto, kunyanya pedyo nematombo | Kuneta kwekupisa kwekutanga | Maka nechoko, tarisa vhiki nevhiki |
| Kuboorwa kana kushanduka kweganda pasi | Kukanganiswa kwakaoma panguva yekurasa marara | Ongorora kana paine mitswe yakavanzika; gadzirisa maitiro ekurasa marara |
| Tsvina yakanamatira pamadziro emukati (>50mm ukobvu) | Kupfeka kwakasakara kana kuti kwakashata | Ronga kuchenesa; funga nezvekugadzirisa pendi |
| Kureba kwenzvimbo yeTrunnion >3mm | Kusawirirana kana kusarongeka kwehoko yecrane | Kuyera uye kuzivisa; zvingada kusungirirwa kwe trunnion buildup |
| Pendi iri kusviba kana kukwesha | Kupisa zvakanyanya munzvimbo iyoyo | Tembiricha yekutarisa |
Vhiki rega rega - Bvunzo iri Nyore yeTap
Shandisa nyundo yebhora ye500g. Bata poto muzvikamu zvishanu: rim (4 quadrants), side wall, pasi, trunnion dzese dziri mbiri.
Ruzha rwekurira rwakajeka→ Zvakanaka
Ruzha rusina kujeka kana kuti rusina chinhu→ Kutsemuka kana kutsemuka kwemukati kunogona kuitika → Maka chiratidzo chekuongorora UT
Nzira iyi yekare inoshanda zvakanaka zvinoshamisa. Mumwe mutengi akawana hari nhatu dzine maburi emukati asati aonekwa.
Vhiki rega rega - Kuongorora Kutenderera kweTrunnion
Kana zvikorekedzo zvecrane yako zvichikwanisa kutenderera, tenderedza poto zvishoma nezvishoma wakasungirirwa. Teerera kana paine kukuya kana mafambiro asina kuenzana. Kana kutenderera kwacho kwakaoma, maburi e trunnion anogona kunge akasakara kana kumonyoroka.
Chikamu 3: Kuongorora Kwemwedzi Nemwedzi & Kwekota (Zvishandiso Zviri Nyore)
Izvi zvinoda maturusi ekuyera ekutanga - tepi yekuyera, caliper, straight edge.
Yera Kutenderera kweRim
Isa mupendero wakatwasuka padhayamita yemupendero. Yera mukaha pamakona mana.
Zvinogamuchirwa:Kutsauka ≤15mm kubva padenderedzwa.
Kana kupfuura 15mm:Hari yacho iri kutenderera. Itenderedze kusvika panzvimbo isina basa rakawanda kana kuronga kugadzirisa.
Tarisa Ukobvu hweMadziro (Hapana UT? Ita Izvi)
Haugone kuyera ukobvu chaihwo usina UT, asi unogona kuona kuputsika kukuru kana kuti mitswe yemukati ne:
●Nyorovesa pamusoro pehari nemvura– kana pakatsemuka pakaita sepamadziro, mvura inobuda zvishoma nezvishoma kunze kana hari yatonhora.
●Enzanisa huremu hwakagadzirwa- yera hari itsva ine dhizaini yakafanana. Kana hari yako yawakamboshandisa iri >5% yakareruka, fungidzira kuti madziro acho atetepa.
●Kupfeka KweTrunnion Bore
Yera dhayamita yemaburi e trunnion uchishandisa caliper yemukati.
Muganho wekupfeka:Kuwedzera kwe3mm kubva pane yekutanga.
Kupfuura izvozvo, kusona matanda kana kusanganisa matanda kunodiwa.
Chikamu 4: Kuongorora Kwebasa Kwegore Negore (Nei Usingafaniri Kusvetuka)
Kamwe chete pagore, uyai nenyanzvi yeNDT ine hunyanzvi.
| Bvunzo | Nzvimbo | Zvakajairika |
| Mepu yeukobvu hwe ultrasonic | Mapoinzi makumi maviri pahari imwe neimwe | ASME kana ISO |
| Chidimbu chemagineti (MT) | Rudzi rwemidzi yetrunnion, bhendi remupendero 100mm | ASTM E709 |
| Kupinza dhayi (PT) | Chero nzvimbo inofungirwa | ASTM E165 |
Mutengo:~$300–500 pahari imwe neimwe.
Kudzorera:Kuona mutswe nekukurumidza kunobvumira kugadziriswa kwepoto ichiri kushandiswa. Kutsiva poto inokundikana zvinodhura kagumi kana yapera chete.
Nyaya chaiyo: Chigayo chekuTurkey chakarega kuongororwa kwegore negore kwemakore matatu. Muna 2022, chigadziko chakatadza kusimudzwa - poto ye30-ton yakadonha nemamita maviri. Hapana kukuvara, asi kugadzirwa kwakamira kwemaawa gumi nemasere. Pamwe chete nemari yekutsiva poto nekugadzirisa pasi.
Chikamu 5: Kugadzirisa - Chii Chinogona Kugadziriswa (Nei Chisingagoneke)
Inogona Kugadziriswa (Inodhura Zvishoma)
| Chirema | Nzira Yokugadzirisa | Mwero wekubudirira |
| Mutseko usina kudzika (<20mm kudzika) | Kukuya, radius yakatsetseka | Yakakwira zvikuru |
| Pamusoro pehuni yakasakara | Kushongedza nekugadzira + muchina wekuwedzera | Yakakwira (kana yaitwa nemuchina wekubatanidza wepamusoro ane hunyanzvi) |
| Denda kana gouge | Gaya zvakanaka; hapana chinodiwa chekuzadza | Yakakwirira |
| Kukundikana kwekuputira | Isazve pendi inodzivisa kunamira | Yakakwira zvikuru |
| Kutetepa kwemadziro (<15% yepakutanga) | Gamuchira sezvazviri; tarisa | Hazvina kukwana |
Inogona Kugadziriswa Nokungwarira
| Chirema | Nzira Yokugadzirisa | Njodzi |
| Kutsemuka kwakadzika (>20mm asi kwete madziro akapinza) | Bvisa, sanganisa, bvisa kushushikana | Pakati nepakati (inogona kutsemuka zvakare) |
| Mutseko wemidzi yetrunnion | Kugadziriswa kwe weld yekupinda kwakazara, wobva waongorora UT | Zviri pakati nepakati - zvinoda muchina wekunamira wesimbi ane hunyanzvi uye PWHT |
| Rimu rakakombama | Kururamisa kupisa (kubudirira kushoma) | Kukwira - kunogona kukonzera kushushikana kutsva |
Haigone Kugadziriswa (Rasa / Nyangazve)
● Mutseko wemadziro wakareba kupfuura 200mm
● Trunnion yakatyoka zvachose kana kuti haipo
● Kutetepa kwakanyanya kwemadziro (>25% yepakutanga)
● Kutsemuka kwakawanda kunogadzira network (ganda rengwena)
● Hari yakasungirirwa kanopfuura katatu
Mutemo wepamusoro:Kana usina chokwadi, tumira mapikicha kumusika wezvirongo zveslag. Vatengesi vazhinji vane mukurumbira vachakupa ongororo yemahara.
Chikamu 6: Kugadzirisa Kupenda - Chinhu Chinonyanya Kufuratirwa
Kunamatira tsvina (kuomesa nechando) chinhu chinouraya kushanda zvakanaka. Zvinowedzera nguva yekufamba, zvinoda kupwanywa nemaoko, uye zvinokuvadza chikamu chemukati.
Maitiro ekuziva kuti chifukidziro chako chinoda kutariswa:
● Zvimiti zvetsvina zvine ukobvu hunopfuura 50mm mushure mekurasa marara
● Unofanira kupfura poto nenyundo kuti ubvise tsvina
● Unoona simbi isina chinhu mundiro mushure mekuichenesa
Kugadzirisa kuri nyore:
● Mwedzi mitatu yega yega, shandisa pendi inodziya inodzivisa kunamira (inowanikwa semushonga unoputika kana kuti unoputirwa nebhurashi).
● Mwedzi gumi nemiviri yega yega, pukutai ndiro yemukati zvizere (isai sandblast kusvika kuSa 2.5, isai ceramic-epoxy kaviri).
● Mutengo wekuisa pendi patsva: ~$800–1,500 pahari imwe neimwe.
● Kudzoserwa kwemidziyo: Kunoderedza kuomeswa ne70%, kunoderedza nguva yekuchenesa, uye kunoita kuti midziyo igare kwenguva refu.
Chikamu 7: Maitiro Akanakisisa Ekuchengetedza & Kubata
Zvigayo zvakawanda zvinochengeta mapoto etsvina panze. Hazvina kuipa, asi tevera mitemo iyi:
| Do | Usadaro |
| Chengeta pamapuranga emapuranga kana padhi rekongiri | Chengeta zvakananga pasi rakanyorova |
| Fukidza hari nematarps panguva yemvura/chando | Rega mvura ipinde mundiro |
| Tenderedza mapoto ari kushandiswa (tanga washandisa ekare) | Chengeta hari imwe chete ichishandiswa kwemwedzi yakawanda |
| Chengeta hari dzakarongwa zvichienderana nehukuru/zera | Sanganisa hari dzakasakara zvakanyanya nedzitsva |
| Maka poto yega yega neID, huremu, uye zuva rekuongorora | Vimba nekurangarira |
Nei kutenderera kuchikosha:Kana ukashandisa poto nhatu dzakafanana nguva dzose wosiya shanu mudura, nhatu dzichakurumidza kupera ukuwo shanu dzichipera nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze. Tenderedza vhiki nevhiki.
Chikamu 8: Kudzidzisa Chikwata Chako - Chinyorwa Chiri Nyore Chekutarisa
Tinokurudzira kudhinda runyorwa urwu rwezvekudya woruturika pedyo nenzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu zveslag pot.
Kuongorora Kwezuva Nezuva KweSlag Pot (maminetsi mashanu)
● Kufamba-famba muhari - pane mitswe mitsva here?
● Tap rim nenyundo - rin'i yakajeka?
● Zvigadziko zvematanda - pane kusakara, maburi, kana kuti mitswe here?
● Ndiro yemukati - slag yakanamatira kupfuura 50mm?
● Pendi - pane maronda here?
Kana HONGU kune chero → Tag pot, zivisai maneja.
Rondedzero yevhiki nevhiki (maminitsi makumi matatu emapoto ese)
● Yera kutenderera kwemupendero (mupendero wakatwasuka)
● Tarisa kuti trunnion bore yakasakara here (caliper)
● Yera poto yemuenzaniso (enzanisa nehuremu hutsva)
● Ongorora mamiriro ekuputira
Chikwata chakadzidziswa zvakanaka ndicho chidziviriro chako chakanakisa kubva mukukundikana kwakaipisisa.
Chikamu 9: Nguva Yekufonera Nyanzvi
Hamufanirwe kunge muri nyanzvi, asi munofanira kuziva nguva yekukumbira rubatsiro. Bata mutengesi wenyu wehari yeslag kana:
● Unowana mutswe wakareba kupfuura 100mm kana kudzika kupfuura 20mm
● Kusakara kwehuni kunodarika 5mm muhupamhi
● Huremu hwehari hwakaderera neanopfuura 8% kubva kune itsva
● Unoda welding yekugadzirisa (usarega chero muwelder achizviita - zvinoda preheat uye PWHT)
● Hauna chokwadi nezvemhedzisiro yekuongorora
Womic Steel inopa:
● Kudzidziswa kwekuongorora panzvimbo (zuva rimwe chete, pafekitori yenyu)
● Kubvunzana nevhidhiyo uri kure
● Tsanangudzo yemaitiro ekugadzirisa welding (WPS)
● Zvishandiso zvekutsiva zvekufukidza
Chikamu 10: Pfupiso - Hurongwa Hwako hweKuita hweMwedzi 12
| Mwedzi | Chiito |
| Mwedzi 1 | Vashandi vezvitima vari pachirongwa chezuva nezuva. Ongororai mapoto ese. Taga chero munhu anofungidzirwa. |
| Mwedzi wechipiri | Ronga kurongeka kwehukobvu hweUT hwehari dzekare. |
| Mwedzi 3 | Fukidzazve ndiro dzemukati dzehari nhatu dzakaipa. Edza kushanda kwadzo. |
| Mwedzi 6 | Yera kupfekwa kwehuni, kutenderera kwerim. Tenderedza mashandisirwo ehari. |
| Mwedzi wechi9 | Dzokorora UT pamapoto aive pamuganhu. |
| Mwedzi 12 | NDT yegore negore yakazara. Rongai kutsiva kwegore rinouya. |
Shoko Rekupedzisira - Kudzivirira Kugadzirisa Kunodhura Zvikuru
Nguva dzese dzaunodzivisa kutsiva chirongo chine tsvina, unochengetedza makumi ezviuru zvemadhora. Nguva dzese dzaunodzivisa kuputsika kwehuni, unodzivisa njodzi inogona kuitika.
Haudi tekinoroji inodhura - unoda chirango uye hurongwa huri nyore. Shandisa gwara iri, rienderane nechirimwa chako, uye tarisa hupenyu hwehari yako huchiwedzera ne20–40%.
Unoda rubatsiro pakugadzira chirongwa chako chekuongorora slag pot?
Womic Steel inopa kubvunzana kwemahara kweawa imwe chete uri kure. Tichaongorora mapombi ako aripo, nhoroondo yekukundikana, uye mamiriro ekushanda - tobva takupa mazano chaiwo.
Victor:+86 15575100681 (WhatsApp/WeChat)
Jack:+86 18390957568 (WhatsApp/WeChat)
Tsamba yemagetsi: sales@womicsteel.com
Webhusaiti: www.womicsteel.com
Womic Steel – Hatingogadziri mapoto eslag chete; tinokubatsira kuti uwane zvakawanda kubva maari.
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