Tsananguro pfupi
Chigadzirwa:3.5% Nickel Low-Temperature Seamless Steel Tube – ASTM A334 Grade 3 (UNS K12021 / 3.5Ni), inodhonzwa inotonhora, yakagadziridzwa uye inotonhorerwa nemhepo kuti ishandiswe patembiricha yakaderera uye isina musono.
Tsananguro pfupi yeChigadzirwa:Womic Steel Group yakagadzira kugona kukuru kwekugadzira machubhu madiki, akareba 3.5Ni - anofukidza 25mm OD x 2mm WT x 22m kureba kwega kwega - achizadzisa zvizere zvinodiwa zveASTM A334 Grade 3 zvekusimba kwekupisa kwakaderera kusvika -101°C. Iyi tambo yekugadzira inotarisa kuvimba kwekare kwekutengeswa kwemachubhu madiki, akareba 3.5Ni. Simbi ye3.5% nickel inopa kusimba kwakanaka uye ductility pakupisa kwakaderera kusvika -150°F (-101°C), zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha kumaLNG terminals, ethylene cracker units, air separation plants, uye polar projects.
Dhayamita yekunze kubva pa10mm kusvika 610mm (yakaputirwa nemoto), ukobvu hwemadziro kubva pa1.5mm kusvika 25.4mm, hurefu hwemunhu mumwe chete hunosvika 24m. Hurefu hweOD hwakatorwa nechando: 6mm kusvika 89mm, nekutsungirira kwakasimba kwakaderera se±0.10mm.
Ine nickel inosvika 3.5%, ine carbon shoma, ine nickel yakawanda inosimbisa kusimba kwekupisa kushoma uye kudzivirira kupwanyika kwekupisa kushoma pa -101°C. Yakajairika: C ≤0.19%, Mn 0.31-0.64%, Si 0.18-0.37%, Ni 3.18-3.82%, P ≤0.025%, S ≤0.025%.
3.5Ni (ASTM A334 Giredhi 3) iri pakati pesimbi yakajairika ine tembiricha yakaderera Giredhi 6 (-45°C) nesimbi yepamusoro ye9% Ni Giredhi 8 (-196°C). Inoshanda semhinduro inodhura zvakanyanya yemhando yebasa re -50°C kusvika -101°C.
Inotevedzera ASTM A334/A334M, ASME SA334, ASTM A333/A333M Giredhi 3, pamwe neASTM/ASME, PED, uye NACE MR0175 (kana yakumbirwa).
Mapombi eLNG anogamuchira materminals anobatsira, maPDH (Propane Dehydrogenation) units, maethylene crackers, mayuniti ekuparadzanisa mhepo, uye masisitimu emapaipi ekunze kwenyika enzvimbo dziri pamusoro pegungwa.
Boka resimbi reWomicinyanzvi yekugadzira zvinhu uye inotumira kunze kwenyika machubhu asina musono anodziya zvishoma, mapaipi madiki ane dhayamita chaiyo, uye machubhu asina musono akareba. Neruzivo rwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri rwekudhirowa kunotonhora, machubhu edu asina musono e3.5Ni e -101°C ava kuwanikwa kune vanotenga zvinhu zvakawanda. Zvitupa zvemugayo, kuyedzwa kwe100% ultrasonic uye hydrostatic, kuzivikanwa kwezvinhu zvakanaka, uye mishumo yekuongorora yakazara ine kutevedza kupisa kumwe chete inopihwa. Kuongororwa kwebato rechitatu (SGS/BV/DNV/TÜV) kunogamuchirwa. Mitengo inokwikwidzana uye kuendesa nekukurumidza.
Chikamu 1: Kumashure - Sei 3.5Ni Seamless Tubes pa -101°C?
Kubva kuma1930, apo United States yakatanga kugadzira simbi ye3.5% nickel kuti ishandiswe mukupisa kwakaderera (yakazopedzisira yagadziriswa pasi peASTM A334/A334M neA333/A333M), Europe neJapan dzakagadzirawo mhando dzadzo dzesimbi dze3.5Ni. Zvinhu izvi zvakashandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira macracker e ethylene, kutakurwa kweLPG/LNG, mafetereza, kugadzira rabha, uye maindasitiri ekugadzira gasi remarasha.
Simbi ye3.5Ni isimbi ine kabhoni shoma, ine nickel yakawanda ine nickel (Ni) inenge 3.5%. Kuburikidza nekurapa kupisa kwakajairika kana kwakajairika uye kwakadzikamisa, inopa chimiro cheferrite + bainite chakasimba uye kusimba kwakanyanya kwekupisa kwakaderera. Ichinhu chakasimbiswa, chinozivikanwa pasi rese chinoshandiswa mumidziyo yepressure uye masisitimu emapaipi munzvimbo dzekupisa kwakaderera -101°C.
MuChina, ndiro dzesimbi dze3.5Ni neforogo dzakabudirira kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kwemakore mazhinji, zvichiratidza kushanda zvakanaka kwehunyanzvi uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemari. Zvisinei, machubhu asina musono — kunyanya machubhu madiki, akareba zvakanyanya e3.5Ni — akaramba ari mashoma.
Kuti vazadze mukaha uyu weindasitiri, Womic Steel yakagadzira mutsetse wekugadzira wakatsaurirwa uchishandisa hunyanzvi hwayo hwekutanga mukugadzira machubhu asina kupfava ane tembiricha yakaderera, kugadzira kwakaringana kwedhayamita diki, uye tekinoroji yekudhirowa kwechubhu inotonhora kwenguva refu. Mushure mekugadzirwa kwakarongeka uye kusimbiswa kwehuwandu hwakawanda, machubhu edu asina kupfava e25mm OD x 2mm WT x 22m akareba zvakanyanya e3.5Ni akapinda mukugadzirwa kwakawanda, uye batch yekutanga yakaunzwa muna Kubvumbi kumugadziri mukuru wemidziyo yemumba. Machubhu aya achashandiswa muchirongwa cheRussian Arctic Circle.
Kuongororwa kwakagamuchirwa munyika yese kwakasimbisa kuti zviratidzo zvese zvakakosha zvekushanda - zvinosanganisira -101°C Charpy impact signature, tensile properties yekamuri-tembiricha, dimensional accuracy, uye surface finish - zvinosangana zvizere nezvinodiwa zveASTM A334 Grade 3 uye zvakaenzana zvizere nemazinga epamusoro-soro epasi rose.
Chikamu 2: Kuongorora Kwemagiredhi Ekuenzanisa - Kusarudza Simbi Yakakodzera Yekupisa Kushoma
Mapaipi asina musono esimbi ine simbi yakawanda anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakaderera anosanganisira ASTM A333/A334 Magiredhi 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, uye 11. Pakati pawo, Magiredhi 3, 4, 7, uye 8 ndiwo anonyanya kutsanangurwa pabasa retembiricha yakaderera nepakati. Kusarudza zvinhu zvakakodzera zvinoenderana netembiricha shoma inodiwa, kumanikidzwa kwedhizaini, uye bhajeti.
Tafura inotevera inopa kuenzanisa kwakazara kwemhando dzesimbi dzinopisa zvishoma, kusanganisira kuyera kwadzo tembiricha, hunhu hwemakanika (simba rekudhonza uye goho), uye mashandisirwo akakosha. Kuenzanisa uku kuchabatsira kujekesa chinzvimbo chemusika chesimbi ye3.5Ni (ASTM A334 Giredhi 3) zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinhu.
Tafura: ASTM A333/A334 Kuenzanisa Kwesimbi Yemhando Yekupisa Kushoma
| Kusarudzwa kweGiredhi | Tembiricha Yebasa Rishoma | Zviri Mukati | Simba reKusimba (miniti) | Simba reKubereka (miniti) | Kureba | Mhando & Mashandisirwo eKiyi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Giredhi 6 | -45°C (-50°F) | ≤0.5% | ≥415 MPa | ≥240 MPa | ≥30% | Simbi yeManganese isina Kabhoni Yakawanda. Yakanyanya kushandiswa uye inodhura zvishoma. Kuchenesa mvura, kutonhora, mapaipi emvura anotonhora. |
| Giredhi 3 (3.5Ni) | -101°C (-150°F) | 3.18-3.82% | ≥450 MPa | ≥240 MPa | ≥30% (L) / ≥20% (T) | 3.5% Nickel Steel. Inodhura zvishoma kubva pa -50°C kusvika -101°C. Mayuniti ePDH, zvirimwa zve ethylene, mayuniti ekuparadzanisa mhepo, mapaipi eArctic. |
| Giredhi rechina | -101°C (-150°F) | ≤0.5% | ≥415 MPa | ≥240 MPa | ≥30% | Simbi yeCarbon Yakaurayiwa. Chimiro cheMatric chine huwandu hushoma hweferrite. Kusimba kwakaderera kwekupisa kana tichienzanisa ne3.5Ni. |
| Giredhi 7 | -73°C (-100°F) | 2.0-2.5% | ≥450 MPa | ≥240 MPa | ≥30% | Simbi yeNickel ye2.5%. Sarudzo yepakati pakati peGiredhi 6 neGiredhi 3. |
| Giredhi 8 (9Ni) | -196°C (-320°F) | 8.4-9.6% | ≥690 MPa | ≥515 MPa | ≥22% | 9% Nickel Steel. Yakasimba zvikuru uye inodziya zvishoma. Main piping yeLNG (-162°C). |
| Giredhi 11 (Kusimba Kwakanyanya) | -196°C. Zvakafanana neGr.8 | Zvakafanana neGr.8 | Zvakafanana neGr.8 | Zvakafanana neGr.8 | Zvakafanana neGr.8 | Yakagadzirwa nesimbi yakaurayiwa yemhando yepamusoro, inoshandiswa pakugadzira zvinhu zvakakosha zvinopisa zvakanyanya. |
Chikamu 3: Kuumbwa kweMakemikoro - Kudzora Kwakasimba kweASTM A334 Grade 3 Conformity
Zvichishandisa ruzivo rwakakura uye rwakasimbiswa nekugadzirwa kwesimbi ye3.5Ni uye machubhu asina musono anopisa, Womic Steel yakagadzira mhando dzemakemikari dzakanyatsodzorwa dzakagadzirirwa machubhu madiki anodhonzwa achitonhora. Izvi zvinoita kuti agare akasimba uye achidziya asi achigara achigadzira zvinhu zvinotonhora.
| Chinhu | ASTM A334 Gr.3 (Yakanyanya/Inoda) | Chinangwa chekugadzira Simbi yeWomic | Ongororo yeWomic Steel Chaiyo Ladle |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kabhoni (C) | ≤0.19% | 0.06 – 0.09% | 0.07% |
| Silikoni (Si) | 0.18 – 0.37% | 0.18 – 0.33% | 0.24% |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.31 – 0.64% | 0.45 – 0.60% | 0.51% |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.025% | ≤0.010% | 0.004% |
| Sarufa (S) | ≤0.025% | ≤0.005% | 0.001% |
| Nickel (Ni) | 3.18 – 3.82% | 3.30 – 3.70% | 3.40% |
*Kusanganiswa kwekabhoni shoma (C ≤0.19%), phosphorus yakaderera uye sarufa (P ≤0.025%, S ≤0.025%), uye kuwedzera nickel kwakanyatsojeka kwe3.18-3.82% kunobvisa njodzi yekupwanyika kwemhepo pa -101°C, ukuwo kuchizadzisa zvinodiwa nemakemikari nemakemikari zveASTM A334 Gr.3 uye kuchivimbisa kushanda zvakanaka kwechando panguva yekudhirowa.*
Chikamu 4: Zvimiro zveMechanical - ASTM A334 Yakasimbiswa Kutevedzera Mutemo weGiredhi 3
Hunhu hwemakanika hwakaedzwa pachubhu yaamai (ukobvu hwemadziro akazara) uye chubhu yakapedzwa (pamusoro) mushure mekupiswa kwakafanana, nemasampuli akatorwa kubva muboka rekugadzira rakajairika.
Kupisa Kwemukamuri Zvivako Zvinodzora Kusimba
| Pfuma | Chinodiwa cheASTM A334 Gr.3 | Simbi Yechikadzi Yechokwadi (Kugadzirwa Kwenguva Dzose) |
|---|---|---|
| Simba reGoho (0.2% kuderedzwa) | ≥240 MPa | 330 – 360 MPa |
| Simba reKusimba | ≥450 MPa | 520 – 550 MPa |
| Kureba (kureba) | ≥30% | 32 - 36% |
| Kureba (kuchinjika) | ≥20% | 26 - 30% |
| Kuoma (HB) | ≤190 | 160 - 175 |
Chimiro cheMetallographic
Mushure mekugadzirisa kupisa pa ≥845°C zvichiteverwa nekutonhodzwa kwemhepo, chubhu yakapedzwa yakaratidza chimiro chakanaka cheferrite + bainite chine saizi yegorosi inosvika ASTM Nhamba 10 (gorosi rakacheneswa zvakanyanya), izvo zvinoita kuti igare yakasimba pakupisa kwakaderera.
-101°C Kusimba kweCharpy Impact Tembiricha Yakaderera
Nekuti kuyedzwa kwakananga kwechubhu yakapedzwa yemadziro matete (25x2mm) hakugoneki maererano nemaitiro akajairwa (muenzaniso mudiki kwazvo), Womic Steel yakatora sampuli dzechubhu dzaamai dzine huwandu hwakafanana hwekupisa, ndokudziisa pakupisa kwakajairika semachubhu akapedzwa, ndokuzodziisa muchina kuita sampuli dzeCharpy V-notch dzine saizi ye 2.5x10x55mm. Kuyedzwa kwemhedzisiro kwakazoitwa patembiricha yakaderera ye -117°C, ichipfuura zvinodiwa pakugadzira -101°C, kuratidza mukana wakakwana wekuchengetedza.
| Tembiricha Yekuyedza | Muenzaniso 1 | Muenzaniso 2 | Muenzaniso 3 | Chinodiwa cheASTM (2.5mm subsize) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -117°C | 32J | 33J | 35J | Avhareji diki ≥5J; imwe chete ≥4J |
Mhedzisiro yekuedzwa kwemhedzisiro inodarika zvakanyanya zvinodiwa neASTM, zvichiratidza kusimba kwakanyanya kwechinhu ichi pakupisa kwakaderera uye mukana wakakura wekuchengetedza kupfuura tembiricha yekushandira yakayerwa -101°C.
Chikamu 5: Maitiro Ekugadzira - Kudhirowa Kwechando Kwakakura uye Kurapa Kupisa Kwemachubhu Madiki Akareba Nedhayamita
Womic Steel inogadzira machubhu asina musono e3.5Ni asingatsvedzeri tembiricha yakaderera ichishandisa nzira yekugadzira yakazara yakagadzirwa zvakanaka kuti igadzirise zvigadzirwa zvidiki, zvakareba, uye zvine hupamhi hwepamusoro:
- Kunyungudutsa Furnace yeMagetsi + Kuchenesa Madhishi + Kubvisa Gass muVacuum:Inovimbisa kuti huwandu hwehydrogen, okisijeni, uye nitrogen hwakaderera zvakanyanya, pamwe nekudzora kwakasimba kwemakemikari (P ≤0.005%, S ≤0.001%).
- Kukanda Kunoramba Kuchienderera + Kutenderera Kwemaruva:Inogadzira maburi epachubhu emhando yepamusoro ane ruzha rwakanaka mukati.
- Kuboora Kunopisa (Kuboora Muchinjikwa):Mabheti anodziiswa muchoto chedanda rekufamba uye anobayiwa mumagoko ane maburi akaremara patembiricha yakanaka yekumonereka; kuenzana kunoderedzwa.
- Kufamba Nechando / Kudhirowa Kutonhora– Kupinza machubhu akawanda (ane intermediate annealing): Iyi ndiyo nzira huru yekuwana machubhu akareba zvakanyanya. Kune saizi yekupedzisira ye25x2mm, maitiro acho anowanzo da matatu anonyatsodzorwa ekudhonza anotonhora, nepo pass yega yega ichisimbisa chinhu. Pakati pemachubhu, machubhu anopinza machubhu pakati kuti adzorere ductility uye kudzivirira kuomarara kwebasa.
- Kugadzirisa Mhinduro (Kugadzirisa):Inotakurwa muchoto chemhepo chinodzora pa ≥845°C, ichiteverwa nekutonhodza kwemhepo kuderedza kushushikana kwekushanda kunotonhora uye kunatsiridza chimiro che microstructure.
- Kururamisa:Kururamisa maroller nemazvo kunoita kuti chigadziko chikwanise kutwasuka kusvika ≤1.5mm pamita imwe neimwe.
- Kucheka Kureba Uye Kupedzisa Kupedzisa:Macheka anobhururuka anoita nemazvo; magumo acho anobviswa kana kuchekwa sezvinodiwa.
- 100% NDT, Kuedza kweHydrostatic, uye Kumaka:Chubhu yega yega inoongororwa ne ultrasound, eddy current inoongororwa, uye pressure inoongororwa isati yaitwa low stress stamping yekupedzisira.
- Chiyero chekupedzisira chakawanikwa:24.96 – 25.05mm OD × 2.04 – 2.16mm WT × 22m kureba. ID uye OD surface roughness ≤1.4μm Ra, inosangana neGrade 1 heat exchanger tube yemhando yepamusoro paNB/T 47019.1-2021 (sub micrometer surface finish).
Chikamu 6: Kudzora Hunhu uye Kuedzwa - Kusimbiswa Kwakazara Kwekushanda
Boka rega rega rekugadzira machubhu asina musono e3.5Ni anodziya zvishoma panguva yekupisa rinoedzwa zvichienderana neASTM A334/A334M:2021 standards.
Zvitupa:Chitupa cheKuyedza Chigayo zvichienderana neEN 10204 Rudzi 3.1. Rudzi 3.2 nechapupu chechitatu (SGS/BV/DNV/TÜV) runowanikwa kana rwakumbirwa.
Kuenderana kwezvikamu:Womic Steel inochengetedza zvinyorwa zvakadzama zvenhamba yega yega yekupisa uye batch yega yega, zvichiita kuti chubhu yega yega yapera ionekwe zvakanaka.
Chikamu 7: Mashandisirwo – Kwakapindwa 3.5Ni ASTM A334 Giredhi 3 Tubes Excel
Machubhu e3.5Ni asina musono akagadzirwa kuti ashande kwenguva refu akavimbika pakati pe -45°C kusvika -101°C, achizadza musiyano uripo pakati pezvinhu zveGrade 6 zvakajairwa nezvinhu zveGrade 8 zvinodhura zvikuru zve9% Ni Grade 8.
Chubhu ye3.5Ni inoshanda sechisarudzo chezvinhu zvinodhura zvakanyanya pakupisa kuri pakati pe -50°C (Giredhi 6) uye -196°C (Giredhi 9% Ni 8), zvichiita kuti ive mhinduro inofarirwa nevakawanda vanoshandisa petrochemicals pakupisa kushoma.
Chikamu 8: Sei Uchifanira Kusarudza Simbi yeWomic ye3.5Ni Machubhu Asina Musono Asingasviki Pakupisa Kushoma?
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa (Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa)
Bata Womic Steel
Kana muine mibvunzo, rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi, kana kukumbira mutengo wezvinodiwa zvechubhu yenyu yekupisa yakaderera ye3.5Ni pasi peASTM A334 Grade 3 (kana mamwe magiredhi ekupisa akaderera), ndapota taurai nesu zvakananga.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-24-2026