1. Simbi yeWomic: Kugona Kugadzira & Simba reKambani
Womic Steel Group ikambani inogadzira zvinhu zvikuru uye inotumira kunze kwenyika pasi rose ine ruzivo rwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri mukugadzira zvinhu zvecarbon, alloy, uye simbi isina ngura. Nzvimbo yedu yekugadzira mapaipi esimbi yemazuva ano ine kugona kukuru kwekugadzira mapaipi esimbi yemugungwa anopfuura matani 20,000 pamwedzi, ichishandisa maitiro ese eERW neLSAW/SSAW.
Saizi Yekugadzirwa Kwepombi Yekuputira Marini:Dhayamita yekunze kubva pa219mm kusvika 660mm (8 inches kusvika 26 inches) yemaitiro eERW, uye kubva pa508mm kusvika 3,000mm (20 inches kusvika 120 inches) yemaitiro eLSAW/SSAW. Ukobvu hwemadziro kubva pa6.0mm kusvika 25.4mm yeERW, uye kubva pa6.0mm kusvika 50.8mm yeLSAW/SSAW. Hurefu hwega hwega kubva pa6m kusvika 18m yakajairwa, nehurefu hwakagadziriswa hunosvika 60m huripo kumapurojekiti enheyo yakadzika.
Zvitupa zveHunhu & Kutevedzera Mutemo:
ISO 9001:2015 Yakatenderwa:Sisitimu Yekutarisira Hunhu hwekugadzira mapaipi nemaitiro ekudzora hunhu, ichivimbisa kuti mhando yechigadzirwa inogara yakafanana uye kuvandudzwa kunoramba kuripo pamabasa ese ekugadzira.
Rezinesi reMonogram reAPI 5L / API 2B:Womic Steel ine rezenisi yeAPI 5L yekugadzira Line Pipe uye rezenisi yeAPI 2B yeStructural Steel Pipe yekushandisa mugungwa. API Monogram inomiririra kuzvipira kwedu kumazinga epamusoro-soro eindasitiri ekutumira mafuta negasi uye mapaipi ekuvaka ekunze. Kuongorora nguva dzose kweAPI kunoita kuti pave nekutevedzera zvinodiwa.
Kumaka kweCE (PED 2014/68/EU):Mapaipi edu ekupinza zvinhu nemachubhu ekuvaka zvinoenderana neEuropean Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) 2014/68/EU. CE marking inowanikwa kana yakumbirwa kuti iite kuti kuburitswa kwemitengo yemutero kuenderane nezvinodiwa nemutemo uye kugamuchirwa kwepurojekiti mukati meEuropean Economic Area (EEA). Declaration of Performance (DoP) inopihwa kune zvigadzirwa zveEN standard.
EN 10204 3.2 Chitupa:Pamusoro peStandard 2.2 ne3.1 Mill Test Certificates, tinopa zvigadzirwa zvine Inspection Certificate 3.2, zvakabvumidzwa nemasangano echitatu anotenderwa neEU (TÜV, LR, BV, SGS) kumapurojekiti akakosha egungwa neakavakirwa panheyo anoda kuteverwa kwakazara kwezvinhu uye kusimbiswa kwakazvimirira.
Kubvumidzwa kweKuongorora kweVatatu (TPI):Zvigadzirwa zvedu uye maitiro ekugadzira zvinotenderwa uye zvinoongororwa nemasangano makuru epasi rose neMasangano eKupatsanura anosanganisira SGS, BV, ABS, LR, DNV, GL, uye TÜV. Kubvumidzwa uku kunoratidza kugona kwedu kupa mapaipi ekuisa muzvikamu zvemapurojekiti egungwa neegungwa anotungamirwa nesangano.
Zvimwe Zvitupa Zviripo:
ISO 14001:2015(Sisitimu Yekutarisira Zvakatipoteredza) – Yakazvipira kune tsika dzekugadzira dzinogara kwenguva refu
ISO 45001:2018(Occupational Health & Safety Management System) – Kuona kuti nzvimbo yekushanda yakachengeteka
FPC (Kudzora Kugadzirwa Kwefekitori)zvichienderana neEN 10248 / EN 10219 - Kuzvizivisa kwekuenderana kweCE marking
NORSOK M-650(Muyero wekuNorway wezvinhu zvesimbi) - Inowanikwa kumapurojekiti eNorth Sea ari kunze kwenyika
KTA 3211.2(Muyero wenyukireya weGermany) - Inowanikwa pakushandisa mapombi enyukireya
Kubvumidzwa Kwakanangana Nevatengi:Tinogara tichiongororwa nemafekitori uye tichibvumidzwa nemakambani makuru eEPC, makambani echiteshi chengarava, uye makambani emagetsi pasi rose. Magwaro nerutsigiro rwekuongorora zvinopihwa kune maitiro ekukodzera vatengesi.
Kuzivikanwa Pasirose:Womic Steel ikambani inovimbwa nayo kune makambani epasi rose eEPC, makambani ezviteshi zvengarava, makambani einjiniya yegungwa, uye makambani ekugadzira mafekitori, ichishandira nyika dzinopfuura makumi masere muSoutheast Asia, Europe, Middle East, Africa, neAmerica.
2. ASTM A252 GR.3 & EN 10248 S355GP: Kuumbwa kwezvinhu uye hunhu hwekushanda
ASTM A252 GR.3ndiyo nzira yekuAmerica yekuisa mapaipi esimbi akasungirirwa uye asina musono. Zita rekuti "GR.3" rinoratidza Giredhi 3, iro rine simba guru pakati pemagiredhi matatu eASTM A252 (GR.1, GR.2, GR.3). Giredhi 3 rinopa simba rekugadzira re345 MPa (50,000 psi), zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inosarudzwa yekuisa hwaro hwakadzika, kuisa murwi wegungwa, uye kushandisa zvinhu zvinorema panodiwa kuvakwa kwakasimba.
EN 10248 S355GPndiyo mwero weEurope wekuisa simbi yakaputirwa nemoto uye kuisa mapaipi. "S" inomiririra simbi yekuvaka, "355" inomiririra simba shoma rekugadzira re355 MPa, uye "GP" inomiririra "General Piling" (kushandiswa kwekuisa mapuranga). S355GP inopa simba rekugadzira rakakwira zvishoma pane ASTM A252 GR.3 (355 MPa vs 345 MPa) uye inonyanya kutsanangurwa kumapurojekiti ekuvaka egungwa eEurope, Middle East, neAfrica.
Magiredhi ese ari maviri akagadzirirwa mashandisirwo ekuunganidzira, achipa kugona kukuru kwekuunganidzira minda, kusimba kwakanaka kwekupisa kushoma munzvimbo dzemugungwa, uye kugona kusimba kwakakwana kutsungirira kushushikana kwekutyaira panguva yekuisa mirwi. Zvichienzaniswa nemagiredhi akajairwa ekuvaka akadai seA36 kana S235JR, aya magiredhi ekuunganidzira anopa kugona kwakanyanya kutakura mutoro, zvichibvumira kudzika kwakadzika kwekutyaira uye huwandu hwakaderera hwemirwi.
Kuumbwa kweMakemikoro (Kuongororwa kweChirongo, % nehuremu):
| Chinhu | ASTM A252 GR.3 (Max %) | EN 10248 S355GP (Max %) |
| C | 0.26 | 0.22 |
| Si | — | 0.55 |
| Mn | 1.35 | 1.60 |
| P | 0.040 | 0.035 |
| S | 0.050 | 0.035 |
| Cu | — | 0.55 |
| CE (yakanyanya) | — | 0.45 |
Cherechedza: EN 10248 S355GP ine miganhu yakasimba pacarbon, phosphorus, nesarufa, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kusanganisa uye kusimba zvichienzaniswa neASTM A252 GR.3. Mhando dzese dzakagadzirirwa kushandiswa mukuunganidza zvinhu zvine ductility yakanaka kuti zvikwanise kutsungirira kushushikana kwemhepo pasina kutsemuka. Muganho we carbon equivalent (CEV) we0.45% weS355GP unoita kuti zvive nyore kusanganisa zvinhu mumitsetse.
Zvimiro zveMichina (Kupisa Kwemukamuri):
| Pfuma | ASTM A252 GR.3 | EN 10248 S355GP |
| Simba reKubereka (miniti) | 345 MPa (50,000 psi) | 355 MPa (51,500 psi) |
| Simba reKusimba (miniti) | 455 MPa (66,000 psi) | 470 MPa (68,200 psi) |
| Kureba (miniti) | 20% (yegeji ye50mm) | 19% (Kureba) |
| Kusimba Kwemhedzisiro | Hazvina kutaurwa | 27 Joules @ 0°C (sarudzo) |
*Cherechedza: EN 10248 S355GP inopa goho repamusoro uye simba rekudhonza zvichienzaniswa neASTM A252 GR.3. Kune zvinoshandiswa mumvura zvinoda kusimba kwekupisa kushoma, EN 10248 inobvumira kuyedzwa kwesimba pa0°C (27 Joules shoma). Kune ASTM A252 GR.3, kuyedzwa kwesimba hakumanikidzwi asi kunogona kutsanangurwa sechinodiwa chekuwedzera.*
Kuenzanisa kwePiling Pipe Grades:
| Giredhi | Simba reKubereka (MPa) | Simba reKusimba (MPa) | Kushandiswa Kwakajairika |
| ASTM A252 GR.1 | 205 | 345 | Nheyo yakareruka, kuunganidzwa kushoma |
| ASTM A252 GR.2 | 240 | 415 | Mutoro uri pakati nepakati, nheyo yekuvaka |
| ASTM A252 GR.3 | 345 | 455 | Mutoro unorema, wegungwa, hwaro hwakadzika |
| EN 10248 S235GP | 235 | 360 | Kuunganidza machira madiki, kuunganidzwa kwemachira |
| EN 10248 S275GP | 275 | 410 | Madziro anodzivirira mutoro uri pakati nepakati |
| EN 10248 S355GP | 355 | 470 | Nheyo huru yegungwa, yakadzika |
*Cherechedza: Kune mapurojekiti egungwa anonetsa zvikuru anoda kumanikidzwa zvakanyanya uye kupinda mukati memvura, ASTM A252 GR.3 uye EN 10248 S355GP ndiwo magiredhi anokurudzirwa. Kune mapurojekiti anoda simba rakatokura (kusvika ku460 MPa), API 5L X65 kana EN 10225 S460G10+M anogona kutariswa senzira dzekuwedzera.*
3. Kutevedzera Dimensional Range & Standards
Womic Steel inopa mapaipi esimbi yemugungwa akasiyana-siyana, anoenderana zvizere neASTM A252, EN 10248, uye ane mwero wepasi rose. Maitiro ese ari maviri ERW (Electric Resistance Welded) uye LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded) anowanikwa kuti avhare huwandu hwese hwedhayamita.
| Chinhu | Tsanangudzo |
| Zvakajairika | ASTM A252 (GR.1, GR.2, GR.3) / EN 10248 (S235GP, S275GP, S355GP) |
| Maitiro Ekugadzira | ERW (219mm-660mm OD) / LSAW (508mm-3,000mm OD) / SSAW (508mm-3,000mm OD) |
| Dhayamita Yekunze | ERW: 219mm - 660mm (8" - 26") / LSAW/SSAW: 508mm - 3,000mm (20" - 120") |
| Ruvara rweMadziro | ERW: 6.0mm – 25.4mm / LSAW/SSAW: 6.0mm – 50.8mm |
| Hurefu hwehurefu | Zvakajairika: 6m, 12m, 18m / Zvakagadzirirwa: kusvika 60m |
| Kupedzisa Kupedzisa | Mugumo Wakajeka (PE) / Mugumo Wakakombama (BE) une mhete dzesimbi dzechibayiro, sarudzo |
| Kupedzisa Kwepamusoro | Yakashama / Yakazorwa Mafuta / Yakaputirwa Nhema / 3PE / FBE / Coal Tar Epoxy |
| Kushivirira | OD: ±1.0% / WT: -0% +15% (ASTM) kana ±10% (EN) / Kureba: +50mm -0mm |
4. Zviyero & Magadzirirwo Anowanikwa - Marine Steel Piling Pipe
Pombi yeERW (219mm - 660mm OD)
| OD (mm) | Sarudzo dzeKukora kweMadziro (mm) | Kurema (kg/m2) | Kureba Kwakajairwa |
| 219.1 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0 | 31.5 - 75.5 | 6m / 12m |
| 273.1 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 18.0 | 39.5 - 113.2 | 6m / 12m |
| 323.9 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 18.0, 20.0 | 47.0 - 149.8 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 355.6 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0 | 51.7 - 180.8 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 406.4 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 59.2 - 235.1 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 457.2 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 88.6 - 266.5 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 508.0 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 98.6 - 297.8 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 558.8 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 108.7 - 329.1 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 609.6 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 118.7 - 360.4 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 660.4 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 128.7 - 391.7 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
Pombi yekuisa LSAW (508mm - 3,000mm OD)
| OD (mm) | Sarudzo dzeKukora kweMadziro (mm) | Kurema (kg/m2) | Kureba Kwakajairwa |
| 508 – 610 | 6.0 – 25.4 | 74.3 – 366.3 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 610 – 762 | 6.0 – 30.0 | 89.4 – 541.5 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 762 - 914 | 8.0 – 35.0 | 148.8 – 758.5 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 914 - 1,067 | 10.0 – 40.0 | 222.9 – 1,013.2 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,067 - 1,220 | 12.0 – 45.0 | 312.2 – 1,303.9 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,220 - 1,422 | 12.0 – 50.0 | 357.6 – 1,692.0 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,422 - 1,625 | 12.0 – 50.0 | 417.3 – 1,941.4 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,625 - 2,000 | 12.0 – 50.8 | 477.1 – 2,441.1 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 2,000 - 2,500 | 12.0 – 50.8 | 588.5 – 3,065.7 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 2,500 - 3,000 | 12.0 – 50.8 | 736.5 – 3,693.4 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
Cherechedza: Zviyero zvakagadzirwa kunze kwezvikamu izvi zviripo kana zvakumbirwa. Dhayamita hombe (kusvika 4,000mm / 160") dziripo kumapurojekiti akasarudzika.
5. Common Piling Piling Piling, Marine & Foundation Standards Yakagadzirwa neWomic Steel
| Zvakajairika | Magiredhi eSimbi | Kushandiswa Kwakajairika |
| ASTM Maitiro eKuunganidza | ||
| ASTM A252 (Standard Spec yeMapombi eSimbi Akasungirirwa uye Asina Musono) | GR.1, GR.2, GR.3 | Mapombi esimbi ekusimbisa hwaro hwakadzika, kuunganidzwa kwemvura |
| ASTM A500 (Standard Spec yeCold-Formed Welded uye Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing) | GR.A, GR.B, GR.C | Machubhu edenderedzwa/akaenzana ekuvaka ekuunganidzira nekusunga |
| ASTM A501 (Standard Spec yeMachubhu esimbi yekabhoni yakasungirirwa uye isina musono) | GR.A, GR.B | Machubhu ekuvaka akagadzirwa nekupisa ekuputira |
| ASTM A690 (Standard Spec yesimbi ine simba guru ine alloy yakaderera uye ine simbi ine phosphorus) | Giredhi reMariner | Kuunganidzwa kwesimbi inodzivirira ngura mumvura yegungwa |
| ASTM A572 (Standard Spec yeSimbi yeColumbium-Vanadium Structural Steel ine Simba Rakawanda) | GR.42, GR.50, GR.60, GR.65 | Kuumbwa kwechimiro chakasimba chine simba rakaderera |
| ASTM A588 (Standard Spec yeSimbi Yekuvaka Yakasimba-Simba Yakaderera-Alloy Ine Kuramba Kuora Kwemhepo) | GR.A, GR.B, GR.C | Kuisa simbi inonamira, hwaro hwebhiriji |
| ASTM A913 (Standard Spec yeSimbi Yakasimba Yemhando Yepamusoro Yemhando Yechivakwa) | GR.50, GR.60, GR.65, GR.70 | Kuumbwa kwesimbi yakasimba uye kugona kusundira kwakawedzerwa |
| ASTM A857 (Standard Spec yeSimbi Sheet Piling, Cold Formed, Light Gage) | — | Kuunganidzwa kwepepa remwenje rakaita sechando |
| EN / DIN / BS / NF Piling Standards | ||
| EN 10248 (Kuisa simbi inoputirwa nemoto - Mamiriro ehunyanzvi ekutumira simbi dzisiri dzesimbi) | S235GP, S275GP, S355GP | Kuisa machira esimbi anomonereka anopisa uye kuiisa mapaipi |
| EN 10219 (Zvikamu zvesimbi zvakasungirirwa zvakanyungudutswa zvinotonhora zvechinangwa chekuvaka) | S235JRH, S275JRH, S355JRH, S355J2H | Zvikamu zvemukati zvakasungirirwa zvakaumbwa nechando zvekuisa mudura |
| EN 10025 (Zvigadzirwa zvesimbi dzakaputirwa nekupisa - Simbi dzesimbi dzisina kugadzirwa) | S235JR, S275JR, S355JR, S355J2, S420ML, S460ML | Simbi yekuvaka inopfuta inopisa yekushandisa mudura uye yemugungwa |
| EN 10225 (Simbi dzekuvaka dzinogona kusungirirwa dzezvivakwa zvisina kusimba zvekunze kwegungwa) | S355G8+M, S355G10+M, S420G1+QT, S460G1+QT | Simbi yekunze kwenyika uye yegungwa yekuunganidzira |
| EN 10348 (Simbi yekuisa sheet mudura - Kuisa sheet yesimbi isina alloy inopisa) | S240GP, S270GP, S320GP, S355GP | Matavi esimbi anomonerwa nekupisa ekuchengetedza madziro |
| DIN 2458 (Machubhu esimbi akasungirirwa uye zvinosungirirwa - Mamiriro Ekutumira Kwehunyanzvi - akatsiviwa neEN 10219) | St37.0, St44.0, St52.0 | Machubhu esimbi akasungirirwa eGerman akajairika ekuunganidzira |
| DIN 17100 (Simbi Yekushandisa Zvivako Zvakajairika - yakatsiviwa neEN 10025) | Mugwagwa 37-2, Mugwagwa 44-2, Mugwagwa 52-3 | Simbi yekuvaka yeGerman yakajairika yekuunganidzira |
| BS 1387 (Zvinotsanangurwa zveMachubhu eSimbi Akasungirirwa uye Akasungirirwa - akatsiviwa neEN 10255) | Kirasi A, Kirasi B, Kirasi C | Machubhu esimbi akajairwa eBritish ekuisa mapuranga nekuisa scaffolding |
| BS 4360 (Zvinyorwa zveSimbi Dzinokwenenzverwa - dzakatsiviwa neEN 10025) | Giredhi 43A, 43B, 50B | Simbi yeBritain yakajairika yekugadzira zvinhu (yekare) |
| NF A49-311 (Tubes en acier soudés pour le pillage - French piling standard) | E24, E36 | Machubhu esimbi akasungirirwa echiFrench ekubatanidza |
| Maitiro eAPI / JIS / KS / AS / CSA Piling | ||
| API 5L (Chimiro chePaipi Yemutsetse) | GR.B, X42, X52, X65, X70 | Pombi yemugero inoshandiswa semurwi (inowanikwa mumahombekombe) |
| API 2B (Chinyorwa cheKugadzirwa kweMapaipi eSimbi yeStructural yeKushandiswa kweOffshore) | GR.42, GR.50, GR.60 | Kuunganidza mapaipi esimbi ekunze kwegungwa |
| JIS A5525 (Mapombi eSimbi) | SKK490, SKK540 | Mapombi esimbi ezvivakwa zvechiteshi chengarava nezvikepe zvegungwa |
| JIS A5528 (Mapombi eSimbi eTubular Sheet) | SY295, SY390 | Matafura esimbi ekuvaka chiteshi chengarava |
| JIS A5526 (Mapombi eSimbi) | SYW295, SYW390 | Kuunganidzwa kwesimbi inopisa |
| JIS G3444 (Machubhu esimbi yekabhoni ezvinangwa zvekuvaka) | STK290, STK400, STK490, STK540 | Machubhu esimbi yekabhoni ekugadzira mapuranga ekuvaka |
| JIS G3136 (Simbi dzakamonerwa dzekuvaka) | SN400, SN490 | Simbi yekuumba hwaro hwekuvaka |
| KS D 3566 (Machubhu esimbi yekabhoni ezvinangwa zvekuvaka - standard yeKorea) | STK290, STK400, STK490, STK540 | Machubhu eKorea akajairika ekugadzira mapombi |
| KS D 3862 (Mapombi eSimbi - standard yeKorea) | SKK400, SKK490, SKK540 | Mapombi esimbi eKorea akajairika ezvivakwa zvechiteshi chengarava |
| AS 1163 (Zvikamu zveSimbi yekuvaka ine Hollow - standard yeAustralia) | C250, C350, C450 | Zvikamu zveAustralia zvekuvaka matanda zvakajairwa |
| AS 1074 (Machubhu eSimbi neMatubula eBasa Rakajairika - standard yeAustralia) | — | Machubhu esimbi akajairwa ekuAustralia ekuisa mapuranga akajairika |
| CSA G40.21 (Simbi Yemhando Yepamusoro Yechivakwa - Standard yeCanada) | 44W, 50W, 50A | Simbi yekuvaka yeCanada yakajairika yekuunganidzira |
| NORSOK / DNV / ISO Piling Standards | ||
| NORSOK Y15 (Zvivako zveSimbi zveOffshore - Zvinodiwa nezvinhu) | S355, S420, S460 | Chiyero cheNorway chezvivakwa zvesimbi zvekunze kwenyika |
| NORSOK M-650 (Kukodzera kweVagadziri veZvinhu Zvakakosha zveKushandiswa Kunze Kwegungwa) | Magiredhi ese | Kukodzera kupihwa zvinhu zviri kunze kwenyika |
| DNV-OS-B101 (Zvinhu zvesimbi zvekuvaka kunze kwenyika) | S355, S420, S460 | DNV standard yekuisa simbi kunze kwenyika |
| DNV-OS-C201 (Kugadzirwa kweZvivako zveOffshore Units - Zvinodiwa zveZvinhu) | S355, S420, S460 | DNV standard yekuisa mapuranga ekunze kwegungwa |
| ISO 630 (Simbi dzekuvaka - Mapuratifomu, mapatani akafara, simbi, zvikamu) | Fe360, Fe430, Fe510 | Mwero wepasi rose wekuvaka simbi yekuvaka |
| ISO 3183 (Maindasitiri epeturu negasi rechisikigo - Mapaipi esimbi emasisitimu ekufambisa mapaipi) | L245, L290, L360, L415, L450, L485 | ISO yakaenzana neAPI 5L yekuisa pombi yemutsara |
| Mamwe Maitirwo Epasi Pose eKuunganidza Mapiri | ||
| GOST 10706 (Mapaipi eSimbi Akasungirirwa eMapaipi neZvivakwa - standard yeRussia) | Mugwagwa 20, Mugwagwa 35, Mugwagwa 45 | Mapaipi esimbi akasungirirwa eRussia ekubatanidza |
| GOST 20295 (Mapaipi eSimbi Akasungirirwa eMapaipi Makuru eGasi neOiri - standard yeRussia) | K38, K52, K60 | Pombi yemutsetse weRussia yakajairika inoshandiswa sekuunganidza |
| NBR 8261 (Mapombi eSimbi eKuvaka Kwezvivakwa - standard yeBrazil) | — | Mapaipi esimbi eBrazil akajairika |
| IRAM 688 (Machubhu eSimbi eZvivako - standard yeArgentina) | F24, F36 | Machubhu ekuvaka eArgentina akajairika ekuisa zvinhu mudura |
| SANS 657 (Machubhu eSimbi eZvivako - Standard yeSouth Africa) | — | Machubhu eSouth Africa ekuvaka akajairika |
Mashandisirwo:Kuisa hwaro hwakadzika, kuisa mapuranga egungwa, hwaro hwepuratifomu yekunze, kuvaka chiteshi chengarava nechiteshi, hwaro hwebhiriji, dziviriro yegungwa, nzira yekudzivirira mvura, fender system, jacket murwi, kuvaka chiteshi nechiteshi, kugadzirisa ivhu, kudzidziswa kwerwizi, mainjiniya etuneri, kuvaka chiteshi chemvura yakadzika, hwaro hwekugadzirisa mafambiro emvura, madziro ekuchengetedza, cofferdams, hwaro hwecaisson, hwaro hweturbine yemhepo yekunze, hwaro hwetuneri yemvura yakadzika, madziro etuneri yemvura yakadzika, madziro ekuisa mapuranga esheet mudune
6. Maitiro Ekugadzira - ERW & LSAW Steel Pipe Pile
Maitiro eERW (Electric Resistance Welding) ekuisa mapaipi (219mm – 660mm OD):
Kuongorora Zvinhu Zvisina Kugadzirwa (Coil):Makoiri esimbi anopinzwa nekupisa anoongororwa kuti aonekwe kuti ane makemikari akadini, hunhu hwemakanika, uye hunhu hwepamusoro zvichienderana neASTM A252, EN 10248, kana zvinodiwa nevatengi. Koiri yega yega inopihwa nhamba yekupisa yakasiyana kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zvinoteverwa zvakakwana panguva yekugadzirwa kwayo.
Kusunungura & Kuenzanisa:Makoiri esimbi anoiswa muchokuvhura simbi uye anoiswa nemuchina wekuyera zvakanaka kuti tambo yacho iite seyakaenzana, zvichibvisa koiri uye zvichiita kuti iite seyakafanana kuti iumbwe nguva dzose.
Kugaya & Kucheka Edge:Micheto yese mirefu yesimbi inogayiwa uye inochekwa kusvika pahupamhi hwayo (± 0.5mm). Kugadzirira kwemupendero kunoita kuti pave nenzvimbo yakachena, yakaenzana yakakosha pakugadzirwa kwesimbi yemhando yepamusoro.
Kuumba (Kuumba Kunotonhora):Chidimbu chakaenzaniswa chinopfuura nepakati pezvikamu zvinoumba marongero (kupatsanurwa, kupatsanurwa kwemativi, uye zvikamu zvemapete) izvo zvinoumba zvishoma nezvishoma chidimbu chakati sandara kuita chimiro chakavhurika che cylindrical (chubhu shell) nemipendero yakagadzirirwa kusungirirwa.
Kuwedera Kwemagetsi Akawanda (HFW / ERW):Chubhu yakagadzirwa inopfuura nemumakoira e induction ane frequency yakakwira kana shangu dzekubata. High-frequency current (inowanzo 200-500 kHz) inopisa mipendero yekusangana kusvika pakupisa kwe forging (inenge 1,350-1,500°C). Solid-state welding inoitika apo mipendero inodziya inodzvanywa pamwe chete nema squeeze rolls, zvichigadzira forged weld isina zvinhu zvekuwedzera.
Kubviswa kweWeld Beads (Yemukati & Yekunze):Kupenya kwemukati nekunze (simbi yakawandisa yeweld) kunobviswa nekushandisa maturusi ecarbide (masirafing blades) uku nzvimbo yeweld ichiri kupisa, zvichiita kuti pamusoro payo pave pakachena uye pasina kusimbaradzwa kwakanyanya kweweld.
Kukura & Kuumba:Chubhu yakasungirirwa inopfuura nemumarongero ehukuru hwakasiyana-siyana kuti ikwanise kushivirira dhayamita yekunze chaiyo (kazhinji ± 0.5% kusvika ± 1.0% zvichienderana neyakajairwa).
Kurapa Kupisa (Sarudzo):Pakushandisa kunoda kusimba kwakanyanya kana kuti kuderedza kushushikana, nzvimbo yekuwelda (kana chubhu yese) inogona kurapwa nekupisa mukati kana kunze kwemuchina. Kugadzirisa pa890-930°C kunoita kuti pave nechimiro chakafanana cheferrite-pearlite.
Kucheka Kureba:Pombi inoenderera mberi inochekwa kusvika pakureba kwakatarwa uchishandisa macheka anobhururuka (kucheka kunotonhora) nekudzora kureba kwakanyatsojeka (±3mm yehurefu hwakajairwa, +50mm -0mm yekuenzanisa mapombi).
Kuedzwa Kusingaparadze (NDT):
Kuedzwa kweUltrasonic kwe100% (UT):Sisitimu yeUT otomatiki inoongorora musono wese weld uye muviri wepombi yakazara kuti ione kana paine laminations, zvinhu zvinosanganisirwa, uye kusabatana.
Kuedzwa kweEddy Current (ET):Kuongorora mhando yeweld online nguva dzose panguva yekugadzira.
Kuedzwa kweHydrostatic (Sarudzo):Inowanikwa kana mutengi akumbira kune mapurogiramu akakosha ekuunganidza zvinhu zvinoda kuongororwa kwekuvimbika kwekumanikidzwa.
Kupedzisa Kupedzisa:Migumo isina kuchekwa (yakagadzirwa sikweya) kana migumo yakachekwa (kona ye30°-35° yebevel) zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemutengi. Mhete dzesimbi dzechibayiro dzinogona kusungirirwa kumigumo yemapaipi kuti dzive dziviriro yakawanda panguva yekufambisa murwi.
Kuongorora Kwekupedzisira & Kumaka:Kuongorora nemaziso zvikanganiso zvepachiso, kusimbiswa kwehukuru (OD, WT, kureba, kutwasuka), uye chiratidzo chisingaperi zvichienderana nechiyero chinoshanda (kusanganisira giredhi, saizi, nhamba yekupisa, kuzivikanwa kwemugadziri).
Maitiro eLSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) ekuisa mapaipi (508mm – 3,000mm OD):
Kuongorora Zvinhu Zvisina Kugadzirwa (Plate):Maplate esimbi anouya anoongororwa kuti aonekwe kuti ane makemikari akadini, hunhu hwemakanika, mhando yepamusoro, uye kuti akarurama sei zvichienderana neASTM A252, EN 10248, kana zvinodiwa nevatengi. Maplate esimbi ega ega anopihwa nhamba yekupisa yakasiyana kuti anyatso teverwa.
Kugadzirira Mupendero wePlate (Beveling):Micheto yesimbi yakareba inochekwa (kazhinji V imwe chete kana V mbiri) uchishandisa michina yekugadzira mill kuti igadzire geometry yakakodzera yekushongedza arc pasi pemvura.
Kukotama kwePlate (Kugadzira):Ndiro yakagadzirwa inogadzirwa kuita chimiro che cylindrical chakavhurika uchishandisa muchina wekunamira weplate (JCO forming, UO forming, kana 3-roll / 4-roll bend process zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nedhayamita nehukobvu).
Kukwesha Tack:Musono wakavhurika unosungirirwa netambo panguva dzakasiyana-siyana kuti urambe wakaumbwa sedenderedzwa panguva yekupinza kukuru.
Kuwedera kweArc Yakadzika Mukati (SAW):Musono wemukati we longitudinal unosungirirwa uchishandisa michina yekushongedza ye arc inonyudzwa otomatiki ine flux yakakodzera uye waya inosanganiswa (kazhinji inopfuura imwe kana kupfuura zvichienderana nekukora kwemadziro).
Kuwedera kweArc Yakadzikiswa Kunze (SAW):Musono wekunze we longitudinal unosungirirwa uchishandisa michina yekushongedza ye arc inonyudzwa otomatiki, zvichipedzisa weld yakazara yekupinda.
Kuwedzera (Sarudzo):Pombi yakasungirirwa inogona kuwedzerwa nehunyanzvi (kazhinji kuwedzera 0.3-1.5%) kuti ivandudze kurongeka kwemativi (kutenderera uye kutwasuka) uye kuderedza kushushikana kwekubatanidza kwakasara.
Kuedzwa Kusingaparadze (NDT):
Kuedzwa kweUltrasonic kwe100% (UT):Sisitimu yeUT otomatiki inoongorora musono wese weld (wemukati nekunze) uye muviri wepombi yakazara kuti ione kana paine laminations, inclusions, kushaya fusion, uye zvimwe zvinogumbura.
Kuongororwa kweX-ray (RT):Kuongororwa kwemusono we weld ne X-ray kana gamma-ray (nzvimbo kana kureba kwakazara sezvakatsanangurwa) kuti zvionekwe kuti weld yakamira sei uye kuti inopinda sei.
Kuongorora kweMagineti Particle (MPI):Kuongororwa kwezvigunwe zveweld nenzvimbo ine kupisa kuti zvionekwe kana paine mitswe yepamusoro uye mitswe.
Kupedzisa Kupedzisa:Migumo isina chinhu (yakachekwa sikweya) kana migumo yakachekwa (kona ye30°-35° ine 1.6mm ± 0.8mm yekumhara) zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemutengi. Mhete dzesimbi dzechibayiro dzinogona kusungirirwa kumagumo emapaipi kuti dzidzivirire kufambisa mapuranga.
Kuongorora Kwekupedzisira & Kumaka:Kuongorora nemaziso zvikanganiso zvepachiso, kusimbiswa kwemativi acho (OD, WT, kureba, kutwasuka, kutenderera), uye chiratidzo chisingaperi zvichienderana nechiyero chinoshanda.
7. Maitiro Ekuongorora Hunhu uye Kudzora Mapaipi Ekuisa Piling
| Danho | Nzira yekuongorora | Chinangwa |
| Zvinhu Zvisina Kugadzirwa | Kuongorora Makemikari (OES Spectrometer) | Simbisa kuti zvinoenderana neASTM A252 / EN 10248 miganhu yekuumbwa |
| Zvinhu Zvisina Kugadzirwa | Kuedzwa kweTensile | Simbisa simba remubereko, simba rekudhonza, kureba |
| Zvinhu Zvisina Kugadzirwa | Kuedzwa kweUltrasonic (Plate/Coil) | Tarisa mavanga emukati uye zvikanganiso |
| Zviri Mukati Mebasa (ERW) | Kuongorora Kwemadimikira (Maikoromita, MaCalipers) | Tarisa OD, WT panguva yekuumbwa uye saizi |
| Zviri Mukati Mebasa (LSAW) | Kuongorora Kugadzirira Mupendero | Tarisa kona ye bevel, nzvimbo yekumhara, uye mamiriro epamusoro |
| Nzvimbo yeWeld (ERW) | Kuedzwa kweUltrasonic (UT) - Pamhepo | Tarisa kusagadzikana kweweld, kushaya fusion |
| Nzvimbo yeWeld (LSAW) | Kuedzwa kweUltrasonic (UT) - Otomatiki | Kuongororwa kwakazara kwemusono we weld kuti uone kana paine zvikanganiso zvemukati/kunze |
| Nzvimbo yeWeld (LSAW) | Kuongororwa kweX-ray (RT) | Simbisa kupinda kwe weld, porosity, kubatanidzwa kwe slag |
| Nzvimbo yeWeld | Kuongorora Magnetic Particle (MPI) | Kuonekwa kwekuputika kwepamusoro (weld neHAZ) |
| Pombi Yapera | Kuongorora Kwemativi | Simbisa OD, WT, kureba, kutwasuka, kutenderera |
| Pombi Yapera | Kuedzwa kweHydrostatic (Sarudzo) | Simbisa kuvimbika kwekumanikidzwa kwezvikumbiro zvakakosha |
| Pombi Yapera | Bvunzo reKukotama Rinotungamirirwa | Simbisa ductility uye kunaka kwe weld |
| Pombi Yapera | Bvunzo reKubata-bata (ERW chete) | Simbisa kugadzikana uye kunaka kwemuviri wepombi |
| Pombi Yapera | Kuedza kweCharpy V-Notch Impact Test (Sarudzo) | Simbisa kusimba kwekupisa kwakaderera kwekushandiswa kwemugungwa |
| Pombi Yapera | Kuedza Kuoma (Sarudzo) | Simbisa kuoma kwakanyanya kwekuwirirana |
| Pombi Yapera | Kuongorora Kuonekwa & Pamusoro | Tarisa kana paine zvikanganiso pamusoro, maburi, kana kuti mitswe |
| Pombi Yapera | Kusimbiswa kweKumaka | Iva nechokwadi chekuti chiratidzo chisingaperi chinoenderana nezvinodiwa |
Miedzo yeSarudzo yeZvikumbiro Zvakakosha zveMarine neOffshore:
● CTOD (Kubuda Kwemazariro Emazariro) Kuedza kusimba kwekukuvara kwetsandanyama
● Kuedzwa kweHIC (Hydrogen Induced Cracking) zvichienderana neNACE TM0284
● Muedzo weSSC (Sulfide Stress Cracking) zvichienderana neNACE TM0177
● Kuongororwa kweKuoma (HV10 kana HRC) kuti uwane magwaro ekushanda akaomarara
Magwaro Emhando Yepamusoro:
● Chitupa Chebvunzo yeMill zvichienderana neEN 10204 Type 2.2, 3.1, kana 3.2
● Mushumo weKuedzwa kweUltrasonic (weld nemuviri)
● Mushumo weKuongororwa kweX-ray (kana wakatsanangurwa)
● Mushumo weKuongorora Kwemadimikira
● Kukwanisa kuteverwa kubva panhamba yekupisa kusvika papombi yapera
8. Mashandisirwo Ekutanga - Pipe Yesimbi Yemugungwa
ASTM A252 GR.3 uye EN 10248 S355GP mapaipi esimbi yemugungwa zvinhu zvakakosha mukuvaka kwakadzika kwenheyo, kuvaka kwegungwa, uye mapurojekiti einjiniya ekuvaka akakura:
Kuunganidza Nheyo Dzakadzika:Mirwi inotakurika yezvivakwa zvirefu, mabhiriji, zvivakwa zvemaindasitiri, uye zvivakwa zvinorema zvinoda rutsigiro rwakadzika rwenheyo. Simba guru reGR.3 neS355GP rinobvumira kudzika kwakadzika kwekutyaira uye kugona kwakakwira kwekutakura.
Nheyo yeMarine & Offshore Platform:Mirwi yenheyo dzemapuratifomu emafuta negasi ari kunze kwegungwa, michina yekuboorera, mapuratifomu ekugadzira, uye nheyo dzematurbine emhepo ari kunze kwegungwa. Kuisa mapuranga egungwa kunofanira kutsungirira kushanda kwemafungu, simba remagetsi, uye nharaunda inoparadza yemvura yegungwa.
Kuvakwa kweChiteshi chengarava, Dock & Port:Kuunganidza nzvimbo dzemakontena, nzvimbo dzinotakura zvinhu zvakawanda, nzvimbo dzinotakura vanhu, nzvimbo dzeRo-Ro, uye nzvimbo dzinotakura zvinhu zvakawanda. Mirwi inotsigira zvivakwa zvemadheki, nzvimbo dzinosungirirwa madolphin, uye madolphin anoyamwisa.
Nheyo yeBridge & Pier:Mirwi yakadzika yenheyo dzemaburiro, maburiro emadziro, uye nheyo dzeshongwe dzemabhiriji akamiswa netambo uye mabhiriji anosungirirwa. Mirwi inotamisa mitoro yezvivakwa kuenda kumatanho akakodzera ekutakura zvinhu.
Dziviriro yeGungwa & Madziro eGungwa:Kuunganidza zvivakwa zvemasvingo egungwa, zvivakwa zvemahombekombe, dziviriro yemhenderekedzo yegungwa, uye kudzora kukurwa kwevhu. Mapombi esimbi anopa rutsigiro rwakasimba rwezvivakwa zvezvombo uye zvivharo zvekongiri.
Kuvakwa kweBreakwater & Jetty:Kuunganidza nheyo dzemvura inopwanya matombo, nzvimbo dzinovharira madziro dzakamira, nzvimbo dzinobururuka, uye nzvimbo dzakaita semakomba. Mirwi inoita kuti hwaro hugadzikane kune zvivako zvinoparadza mafungu.
Rutsigiro rweSisitimu yeFender:Mapombi anotsigira masisitimu emarine fender panzvimbo dzechiteshi uye pazvivakwa zvepachiteshi. Mapombi anotora simba repachiteshi uye anodzivirira ngarava nechimiro panguva yekushanda kwepachiteshi.
Murwi weJacket weOiri neGasi Puratifomu:Kuunganidza zvivakwa zvejaketi zvinotsigira mapuratifomu ekugadzira mafuta negasi. Mirwi mikuru, ine dhayamita rakakura, inorovererwa nepakati pemakumbo ejaketi uye inoiswa mutsvina panzvimbo yayo.
Kudzoreredza Nyika & Kudzoreredza Madziro Egungwa:Kuunganidza zvivakwa zvinodzivirira nzvimbo yekudzoreredza, madziro egungwa, uye miganhu yekudzoreredza. Mirwi inopa hunhu hwakakodzera hwemapurojekiti ekuwedzera ivhu.
Kudzidziswa kweRwizi & Kudzora Mafashamo:Kuunganidza zvinhu zvekudzivirira mahombekombe erwizi, kutungamira mahombekombe, maburi emvura, uye zvivakwa zvekudzora mafashamo. Mapombi esimbi anosimbisa mahombekombe erwizi uye anodzivirira kubva mukutsva nekukukurwa kwevhu.
Uinjiniya hweTunnel & Kucheka-uye-Kuvhara:Kuunganidza hwaro hwemigero yekucheka nekufukidza, madziro emadziro akavanzika, uye zvivakwa zvekutsigira masuo emugero. Migero inopa rutsigiro rwakamira nerwakatenderera kune zvivakwa zvepasi pevhu.
Nheyo yeSeismic Retrofit:Kuunganidza zvinhu zviripo kuti zvikwanise kugadziriswazve nekudengenyeka kwenyika, kusanganisira nheyo dzemabhiriji, nheyo dzekuvaka, uye zvivakwa zvechiteshi zvinoda kudzivirira kudengenyeka kwenyika zvakanyanya.
9. Kurongedza & Kutumira - Pipe yeSimbi yeMarine
Mapaipi esimbi emugungwa eASTM A252 GR.3 neEN 10248 S355GP anoiswa uye anotumirwa nekungwarira kukuru kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti akachengetedzwa panguva yekufambisa. Heino tsananguro yenzira yekurongedza nekutumira mapaipi esimbi ane dhayamita hombe:
Kurongedza:
Kudzivirira Kupfeka:Pamberi pekurongedza, mapaipi anogona kuputirwa neoiri yekudzivirira ngura kana varnish inodzivirira ngura pamusoro pemvura kudzivirira ngura uye oxidation panguva yekuchengetera nekufambisa. Kupedzwa kusina chinhu kunowanikwawo kuti kuputirwe nekukurumidza panzvimbo yaunoda kana munzvimbo dzegungwa uko kwakatsanangurwa kuti ngura inogona kubvumidzwa.
Kubatanidza (Dhigirii Diki):Pamapaipi madiki ane dhayamita (kazhinji ari pasi pe610mm / 24"), mapaipi anounganidzwa pamwe chete muzvikamu zvehexagonal kana rectangular. Anosungirirwa uchishandisa tambo dzesimbi (kazhinji tambo 3-5 pachikamu chimwe nechimwe chine maguard ekudzivirira ekona) kudzivirira kufamba mukati mechikamu.
Kuunganidza Kwega Kwega (Dhayamita Huru):Pamapaipi makuru (anopfuura 610mm / 24"), mapaipi anowanzo batwa uye kutumirwa ega ega nekuda kwehuremu uye miganhu. Dunnage yematanda kana rabha inoiswa pakati pemapaipi inodzivirira kukweshwa uye kukuvara kwependi.
Magumo Ekupedzisira:Zvivharo zvepurasitiki kana zvesimbi zvinoiswa kumativi ese epombi yega yega (kana kuti chiputiro chepurasitiki chemativi akachekwa) kudzivirira magumo akachekwa, magumo asina kujeka, uye zvinobatanidzwa zvine shinda kubva mukukuvadzwa, kupinda kwemarara, uye hunyoro.
Mhete dzeSimbi dzeChibairo (Sarudzo):Pakupinza mapaipi anoda dziviriro yakawedzerwa panguva yekufambisa mapaipi, mhete dzesimbi dzinoshandiswa (dzinowanzova 50-100mm yakafara, 6-12mm yakakora) dzinosungirirwa kumucheto wekufambisa mapaipi ega ega. Mhete idzi dzinonwisa kurova kwehammer yekufambisa uye dzinodzivirira mugumo wepaipi kubva pakukanganisika.
Kuisa padhi neKuisa padhishioni:Pakutenga zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zviri premium, zvinhu zvepadding zvakaita sefoam rings, rabha strips, kana huni dunnage zvinoshandiswa pakati pemapaipi kudzivirira kukweshwa, kukuvara kwependi, uye kukuvara panguva yekubata nekufambisa.
Nzvimbo Dzekusimudza:Mabhegi ekusimudza kana nzvimbo dzekusimudza dzakatarwa dzinogona kuwedzerwa pamapombi anorema (anopfuura 2,000 kg papombi imwe neimwe) kuti zvive nyore kuburutsa zvinhu zvakachengeteka panzvimbo yaunoda kushandisa crane kana forklift.
Kutumira:
Nzira Yekufambisa:Mapaipi anotumirwa kuburikidza nemidziyo yemidziyo (midziyo ine 20ft kana 40ft yedhayamita diki), zvinhu zvinotakura zvinhu zvakawanda (zvinobatanidza dhayamita hombe nehukuru hukuru), kana zvinhu zvinotakura zvinhu zvechitima, zvichienderana nekwavanoenda, huwandu hweodha, uye kudiwa kwekusvika. Ngarava dzinotakura zvinhu dzepurojekiti dzinogona kushandiswa pamidziyo yemidziyo yakakura kwazvo kana kuti yakareba.
Kuisa mumidziyo (Diki Dhayamita):Pamapaipi madiki ane dhayamita shoma (kazhinji ari pasi pe508mm / 20"), mapaipi anoiswa mumidziyo yekutakura ine 20ft kana 40ft kuitira kuti zvinhu zvifambe zvakachengeteka uye zvakarongeka. Kutakura mumidziyo kunodzivirira zvinhu kubva kumamiriro ekunze, hunyoro, uye tsvina yekunze. Mutoro wepamusoro wemidziyo unowanzova matani 20-25 pamudziyo une 20ft.
Kutakura Midziyo Yakawanda (Dhayamita Huru & Mavhoriyamu Makuru):Pamapombi makuru (anowanzoita matani anopfuura mazana mashanu) kana dhayamita yakakura (inopfuura 508mm / 20"), mapaipi anoiswa zvakananga mumidziyo yekutakura zvinhu kana mumidziyo yegear. Matanda ekusimudza nemabhawa ekupararira anodzivirira kukuvara panguva yekurodha. Kuisa matanda, kusungirira, uye kusunga cheni zvinoshandiswa kudzivirira kutamiswa kwemidziyo panguva yekufamba mugungwa. Nzira iyi inonyanya kushanda pamapurojekiti ekutakura zvinhu mugungwa.
Matangi Akatsetseka kana Akavhurika Pamusoro (Akareba Zvikuru / Akareba Zvikuru):Pamapaipi anopfuura saizi yemidziyo yakajairwa (kureba >12m kana dhayamita >2.3m), midziyo yekuisa zvinhu yakatsetseka kana midziyo yepamusoro yakavhurika inogona kushandiswa pakuburitsa huwandu hwakawanda. Matangi aya akasarudzika anobvumira kutakurwa kwakachengeteka kwemidziyo mikuru.
Kunyora uye Kunyora Zvinyorwa:Boka rega rega kana pombi yega yega yakanyorwa zvakajeka neruzivo rwakakosha runosanganisira giredhi rezvinhu, chiyero, saizi, nhamba yekupisa, nhamba yebonde/pombi, uye mirairo yekubata. Magwaro akazara ekutumira akagadzirirwa kubviswa kwemitero yemutero uye kuteverwa kwemidziyo.
Kutevedzera Mutemo weCustoms:Pakutumira zvinhu kunze kwenyika, magwaro ese anodiwa emutero—kusanganisira invoice yekutengeserana, runyorwa rwekurongedza, gwaro rekutakura zvinhu, Chitupa Chekubva (kana zvichidikanwa), Zvitupa Zvekuyedza Zvigayo, uye chero mvumo yekupinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika—zvakagadzirirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zvinobuda zvakanaka pachiteshi chekuenda.
Kusunga Kwakachengeteka:Mukati memota yekutakura kana mudziyo, mapaipi nemapaipi akasiyana-siyana zvinosungirirwa zvakasimba uye zvinosungirirwa nesimbi (nezvidziviriro zvemakona), mabhegi edhaka, simbi dzinosungirirwa, kana kusungirirwa necheni kudzivirira kusuduruka, kukunguruka, kana kufamba kunogona kukonzera kukuvara panguva yekufambisa.
Kutevera uye Kutarisa:Masisitimu epamusoro ekutevera zvinhu anoshandiswa kutarisa mamiriro ekutumira zvinhu uye kupa ruzivo rwenzvimbo chaiyo kune vatengi. Nhamba dzekutevera makontena dzinopihwa kune ese makontena anotakura zvinhu. Kutevera ngarava kunowanikwa kune ese anotumirwa zvinhu.
Inishuwarenzi:Zvichienderana nemutengo weodha uye zvinodiwa nevatengi, inishuwarenzi yekutakura zvinhu mugungwa (All Risk kana With Average coverage) inogona kurongwa kuti ivhare kurasikirwa kana kukuvara kunogona kuitika panguva yekufambisa. Kune mapurojekiti ekugadzira makomba egungwa ane mutengo mukuru, inishuwarenzi yekuwedzera yekuisa zvinhu mugungwa inogona kukurudzirwa.
Kuronga Kusimudza Zvinhu Zvinorema:Kune mapaipi anorema zvakanyanya (anodarika 5,000 kg papombi imwe neimwe), kurongeka kwepamberi nechiteshi chekuendesa kune michina yekubata zvinhu zvinorema (macrane ane simba rakakwana, mabhawa ekuparadzira zvinhu akasarudzika) kunokurudzirwa. Womic Steel inopa ruzivo rwakadzama rwekutakura zvinhu kusanganisira huremu hwemapaipi ega ega uye saizi yekuronga chirongwa.
Muchidimbu, Womic Steel inoita kuti mapaipi ese eASTM A252 GR.3 neEN 10248 S355GP esimbi yemugungwa arongedzwe nematanho ekudzivirira anotungamira muindasitiri uye anotumirwa achishandisa nzira dzakavimbika dzekufambisa kuti asvike kwaanoenda ari mumamiriro akanaka. Maitiro akakodzera ekurongedza nekutumira zvinhu akakosha kuchengetedza kunaka uye hunhu hwezvigadzirwa zvinounzwa, kunyanya kumapurojekiti akakosha ekuvaka ngarava.
10. Mabhenefiti eSimbi yeWomic & Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa - Pipe yeSimbi yeMarine
Sei Uchifanira Kushanda NeWomic Steel Pakugadzira Marine Piling Pipe?
Mhando Dzakakwana dzeMaitiro & Saizi:Maitiro ese ari maviri ERW (219mm-660mm OD) uye LSAW/SSAW (508mm-3,000mm OD) anowanikwa pasi pedenga rimwe chete, zvichibvisa kudiwa kwevatengesi vakawanda. Ukobvu hwemadziro hunosvika 50.8mm uye hurefu hunosvika 60m hunowanikwa kumapurojekiti enheyo yakadzika.
Kugona Kwemhando Dzeviri:Kutevedzera zvizere mitemo yeASTM A252 (GR.1, GR.2, GR.3) uye EN 10248 (S235GP, S275GP, S355GP), pamwe nemitemo yekuwedzera (API 5L, EN 10219, JIS A5525, nezvimwewo). Mutengesi mumwe chete wezvinodiwa zvakawanda pamusika.
Kutarisa paMarine neOffshore:Ruzivo rwakakosha mukushandiswa kwekuisa mapombi emvura nekunze kwegungwa kusanganisira kuvaka zviteshi zvengarava, mapuratifomu ekunze kwegungwa, nheyo dzemabhiriji, uye mapurojekiti ekudzivirira mahombekombe. Kunzwisisa zvinodiwa zvekudzivirira ngura yegungwa uye zvinodiwa pakutyaira.
Mhete dzeSimbi dzeChibairo:Kubatanidza mhete dzesimbi dzinoshandiswa pakuisa simbi muzvikamu zvinoshandisa mapaipi kuti dzive dzakasimba panguva yekushanda kwepombi, zvichideredza kuchinja kwepombi uye kunonoka kuiisa.
Mabasa Akawedzerwa Kukosha:Kuchekerera magumo (30°-35°), kucheka magumo asina chinhu, kuputira kwekudzivirira (FBE, 3LPE, Coal Tar Epoxy, Galvanizing), uye kuputira kwekudzivirira ngura zvinowanikwa mumba kana kuburikidza nenzvimbo dzekudyidzana dzakanyatsokodzera.
Kugona Kureba:Kusvika 60m kureba kwechinhu chimwe chete kwemapurojekiti enheyo yakadzika, zvichideredza zvinodiwa zvekubatanidza munda nenguva yekuisa. Hurefu hwakagadziriswa hunowanikwa pasina muripo wekuwedzera kune mastandard ranges akajairwa.
Kukwikwidzana Kwezvinhu:Kushanda pamwe chete nevanofambisa zvinhu pasi rose pamwe nenyanzvi dzekutakura zvinhu mumapurojekiti kunoita kuti zvinhu zvitakurwe zvakanaka (mudziyo, ngarava inopwanyika, kana ngarava yemapurojekiti) uye kutumirwa kwepasi rose kwemapombi anorema uye makuru ekuwedzera zvinhu zvitakurwe.
Magwaro Akakwana:Zvitupa Zvekuyedza Zvigayo Zvakazara (EN 10204 Type 2.2, 3.1, kana 3.2), mishumo yeNDT (UT, RT), mishumo yekuenzanisa, uye magwaro ekutevera anopiwa kune zvese zvinotumirwa. Kuongororwa kwechitatu (SGS, BV, TÜV, LR, DNV) kunogoneswa kana zvakumbirwa.
Sarudza Womic Steel Group semubatsiri wako akavimbika wemapaipi esimbi egungwa eASTM A252 GR.3 emhando yepamusoro uye EN 10248 S355GP uye mashandiro ekutumira asingakundike kumapurojekiti egungwa, egungwa, uye epasi rose. Tinokugamuchirai kuti mubvunze!
Webhusaiti: www.womicsteel.com
Tsamba yemagetsi: sales@womicsteel.com
Nhare/WhatsApp/WeChat:
Victor: +86-15575100681
Jack: +86-18390957568
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa (Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa) - Pipe yeSimbi yeMarine Piling
Mubvunzo: Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peASTM A252 GR.3 neEN 10248 S355GP pakuisa mapuranga emugungwa?
A: ASTM A252 GR.3 (muyero wekuAmerica) ine simba rekukohwa risingasviki 345 MPa (50,000 psi), nepo EN 10248 S355GP (muyero wekuEurope) ine simba rekukohwa risingasviki 355 MPa (51,500 psi). EN 10248 S355GP inewo miganhu yemakemikari akaomarara zvishoma (C yakaderera, P, S) uye zvinodiwa zvekuyedza kupisa kushoma. Zvese zvakakodzera kushandiswa mukuisa muhari. Sarudzo inowanzoenderana nezvinodiwa papurojekiti uye zvinodiwa padanho redunhu. Kune mapurojekiti ari muAmerica neAsia anotevera zviyero zveAPI/ASTM, GR.3 ndiyo inosarudzwa. Kune mapurojekiti ekuEurope, Middle East, neAfrica, S355GP inowanzo tsanangurwa.
Mubvunzo: Ndeipi nzira yekugadzira yandinofanira kusarudza papurojekiti yangu yekuisa mapaipi - ERW kana LSAW?
A: Kune dhayamita dzekunze dzinosvika 660mm (26 inches), ERW inowanzo shanda zvakanaka uye inopa nguva yekukurumidza yekugadzira. Kune dhayamita dzinobva 508mm kusvika 3,000mm (20 kusvika 120 inches), LSAW inodiwa sezvo tekinoroji yeERW isingakwanise kugadzira dhayamita idzi dzakakura. Kune dhayamita dzinopfuura 3,000mm (120 inches), SSAW (spiral welded) inogona kufungwa nezvayo. Zvinodiwa pakukora kwemadziro zvinopesvedzerawo kusarudzwa kwemaitiro - LSAW inogona kuwana madziro akakora (kusvika 50.8mm) zvichienzaniswa neERW (kazhinji inosvika 25.4mm). Womic Steel inogona kupa mazano ekuita kwakakodzera zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvako uye bhajeti reprojekiti.
Mubvunzo: Chii chinonzi mhete yesimbi yechibayiro uye inofanira kushandiswa riini?
A: Mhete yesimbi yechibayiro chikamu chipfupi chesimbi (kazhinji ine upamhi hwe50-100mm, ukobvu hwe6-12mm, inoenderana nepipe OD) yakasungirirwa kumucheto wepombi inopinza. Inotora simba rekurova kubva kunyundo inofambisa murwi, ichidzivirira mugumo wepombi kubva pakukanganisika, kutsemuka, kana kutsemuka. Mhete dzechibayiro dzinokurudzirwa kune:
● Mamiriro ekutyaira akaomarara (jecha rakakora, matombo, nzvimbo dzine matombo)
● Nyundo dzinotyaira murwi unorema (simba guru)
● Mapaipi emadziro matete (chiyero chedhayamita neukobvu > 50)
● Mapurojekiti akakosha apo kukuvara kwepombi kunokonzera kunonoka kwehurongwa
● Mapaipi anoda kusapinda mvura mushure mekutyaira
Mubvunzo: Ndedzipi sarudzo dzehurefu dziripo dzemapaipi emvura? Munogona here kupa hurefu hwakareba kuti muderedze kupatsanurwa kwemunda?
A: Hurefu hwakajairika hunosvika 6m, 12m, uye 18m. Kune mapurojekiti akadzika enheyo negungwa, tinopa hurefu hwakasiyana hunosvika 60m (200 feet) zvichienderana nedhayamita uye ukobvu hwemadziro. Hurefu hwakareba hunopa mabhenefiti akakosha: huwandu hwakaderera hwezvisungo zvemunda (mutengo wakaderera wekuisa, purogiramu inokurumidza), kuenderera mberi kwechimiro, uye njodzi shoma yekukanganisa kweweld. Zvisinei, hurefu hwakareba hunoda kutakurwa kwakasarudzika (makontena eflat rack, ngarava huru, kana zvinhu zvepurojekiti) uye zvinogona kunge zvine mitengo yakakwira yekufambisa. Tinokurudzira kugadzirisa hurefu zvichibva pane zvinodiwa nepurojekiti, sarudzo dzekufambisa, uye zvirambidzo zvekupinda panzvimbo. Ndapota ipai ruzivo rwepurojekiti yenyu kuti muwane hurefu hwakakodzera uye nguva yekutungamirira.
Mubvunzo: Ndedzipi nzira dzekuputira dziripo dzemapaipi emvura ekudzivirira kubva mukuora kwemvura yegungwa?
A: Tinopa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekudzivirira ngura munzvimbo dzemugungwa:
FBE (Fusion Bonded Epoxy):Rutivi rumwe chete kana ruviri, kunamira kwakanaka uye kuramba kupatsanurwa kwe cathodic, ukobvu hwakajairika hwe 300-500 microns.
3LPE / 3LPP (Polyethylene / Polypropylene ine zvikamu zvitatu):Dziviriro yepamusoro yemakanika uye inodzivirira ngura, ukobvu hwakajairika hwe2.0-4.5mm, yakakodzera nzvimbo dzine hukasha dzemugungwa.
Epoxy yeTar yeMarasha:Kudzivirira mvura kwakanyanya uye kuenderana nekudzivirira kwe cathodic, ukobvu hwakajairika hwe 300-600 microns.
Kupisa Dip Galvanizing:Kuvhara zinc (kazhinji 85-100 microns), kunodzivirira kukuvara kweganda.
Epoxy yemvura:Pendi yakaiswa mumunda kuti igadziriswe uye igadziriswe.
Kufukidza Kurema Kwekongiri (CWC):Kune mapaipi ari pasi pemvura anoda kudzika kwemvura zvisina kunaka.
Pamashandisirwo mazhinji ekuisa mapuranga emugungwa, 3LPE kana FBE coating pamwe chete ne cathodic protection (sacrificial anodes kana impressed current) ndiyo inowanzo shandiswa muindasitiri. Kusarudzwa kwecoating kunoenderana nemamiriro emvura yegungwa (tembiricha, munyu, oxygen content), hupenyu hwedhizaini (makore 20-50), uye bhajeti reprojekiti.
Mubvunzo: Munogona here kupa pombi yekuisa mapuranga nekutarisa kwevamwe (SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, LR)?
A: Hongu. Tinogamuchira uye tinopa rubatsiro kuongororo dzinoitwa neDNV, BV, SGS, TÜV, ABS, LR, kana chero mumiriri akasarudzwa nemutengi panguva yekugadzira (kuona kuyedzwa kwezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa, kuongororwa kwemativi, NDT, uye kuongororwa kwekupedzisira) uye zvisati zvatumirwa. 3.2 zvitupa zvekuongorora zvinosimbiswa nemasangano echitatu ane mvumo zvinopihwa nguva nenguva kana zvakumbirwa. Kune mapurojekiti ekunze negungwa anoda mvumo yesangano rekupatsanura (DNV, ABS, LR, BV), tinoshanda zvakananga nesangano kuti pave nekupinda kwevaongorori uye mvumo yemagwaro.
Mubvunzo: Ndeapi matesting asingaparadze (NDT) anodiwa pakugadzira pombi dzemvura?
A: PaASTM A252 GR.3, zvinodiwa zve NDT zvakajairwa hazvina kukwana (hapana NDT inosungirwa pamhando yakajairwa). Zvisinei, pakushandisa kwakakosha kwemugungwa nekunze kwegungwa, tinokurudzira uye tinogona kupa:
Kuedzwa kweUltrasonic kwe100% (UT)yemusono we weld uye muviri wepombi (yeLSAW neERW)
Kuongorora Magnetic Particle (MPI)zvigunwe zveweld uye nzvimbo ine kupisa
Kuongororwa kweX-ray (RT)yemusono we weld (nzvimbo kana urefu hwakazara)
Kuongororwa kweLaminar UTyemipendero yeplate isati yaiswa welding (yeLSAW)
Kune EN 10248 S355GP, bvunzo dzekuwedzera dzinosanganisira UT kana MPI dzinogona kutsanangurwa nemutengi. Tinogara tichikurudzira kukurukura zvinodiwa neNDT panguva yekotesheni kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti bvunzo dzacho dzakakwana uye magwaro akakodzera.
Mubvunzo: Ndeipi urefu hwakanyanya hwepamwero hwaunogona kupa papombi yekukomba ine dhayamita hombe (semuenzaniso, 2,000mm OD × 25mm WT)?
A: Kune 2,000mm OD × 25mm WT, tinogona kupa hurefu hunosvika 24m (anenge 80 feet) hwemaitiro eLSAW. Kune dhayamita dziri pamusoro pe1,500mm, hurefu hwepamusoro hunowanzo ganhwa nekuwanikwa kwehukuru hweplate uye zvirambidzo zvekutakura. Ndapota taurai nesu nezvezvinodiwa zvenyu (OD, WT, hurefu, huwandu) kuti muwane ongororo yakadzama yesimba uye nguva yekutungamirira. Kune mapurojekiti anoda hurefu hunopfuura miganhu yekutakura yakajairwa (semuenzaniso, >24m kune dhayamita hombe), tinogona kubatsira nekuronga mafambiro epurojekiti kusanganisira barge kana kuronga mafambiro chaiwo.
Mubvunzo: Munopa mabasa ekugadzirisa mapaipi kwenguva refu here? Ndezvipi zvamunogona kuita kuti mukwanise kuashandisa?
A: Ehe. Tinopa kucheka kwakanyatsonaka kusvika pakureba kwakatarwa nemutengi ane tight tolerances. Standard length tolerance is +50mm / -0mm zvichienderana neASTM A252 uye EN 10248 zvinodiwa. Kune mapurojekiti anoda closer tolerances, tinogona kusvika ±3mm kune dhayamita dzinosvika 660mm (ERW) uye ±5mm kune dhayamita hombe (LSAW) pamwe nekuwedzera kugadziriswa. Kucheka kunogona kuteverwa ne end beveling (30°-35° bevel angle ine 1.6mm ±0.8mm landing) yekuwelda field butt kana plain end finishing sezvinodiwa. Ndapota taurai zvamunoda tolerances padanho re quotation.
Mubvunzo: Ndeipi nguva yakajairika yekuisa pombi yeASTM A252 GR.3 kana EN 10248 S355GP yekuisa pombi yemvura?
A: Nguva dzakajairika dzekushandisa pombi yekuisa simbi yakagadzirwa negayo (isiri yemuto) dzinenge mazuva 30-45 ekushandisa ERW uye mazuva 45-60 ekushandisa LSAW, zvichienderana nehuwandu hweodha, dhayamita, ukobvu hwemadziro, uye zvinodiwa zvekuongorora. Maodha ekukurumidza (mazuva 20-30) anogona kuwanikwa pahuwandu hudiki kana saizi dzakajairwa dzinogadzirwa kubva mumidziyo yemuto. Kune mapurojekiti anoda kuongororwa nebato rechitatu (SGS, BV, DNV, nezvimwewo), wedzera mazuva 5-10 ekushandisa nguva yekuongorora uye magwaro. Kune zvekuisa simbi (FBE, 3LPE, nezvimwewo), wedzera mazuva 10-20 zvichienderana nerudzi rwekuisa simbi uye huwandu. Ndapota taura nesu nenguva yepurojekiti yako kuti uwane mutengo wenguva yekushanda.
Mubvunzo: Ndeapi magwaro anopiwa pakutumira kwega kwega kwepombi yekufambisa mvura yegungwa?
A: Kutumirwa kwega kwega kunosanganisira magwaro akazara:
Chitupa Chekuyedza Chigayo (MTC):zvichienderana neEN 10204 Rudzi 3.1 (kana Rudzi 2.2 / 3.2 kana zvakumbirwa) kusanganisira kuumbwa kwemakemikari, hunhu hwekudhonza, uye mhedzisiro yebvunzo inoshanda
Mushumo weKuongorora weDimensional:kusanganisira OD, WT, kureba, kutwasuka, kutenderera
Mishumo Yekuyedza Isina Kuparadza:Mishumo yeUT (weld uye muviri), mishumo yeRT (kana yakatsanangurwa), mishumo yeMPI
Magwaro ekutevera:nhamba yekupisa kusvika kumagwaro ekutevera pombi apera
Rondedzero yeKurongedza:runyorwa rwakadzama rwemapaipi/mapaipi ane huwandu, saizi, uye huremu
Kuzivisa Invoice Yekutengeserana & Kurongedza:yekubvisa mari yemitero
Chitupa Chekutanga:kana zvichidikanwa nenyika yauri kuenda (C/O, Fomu E, kana imwe)
Mishumo Yekuputira:kana chifukidziro chakaiswa (ukobvu, kunamira, kuonekwa kwezororo)
Kune EN 10248 S355GP, mamwe magwaro anosanganisira CE marking declaration uye Declaration of Performance (DoP) anogona kupihwa kana akumbirwa.
Zvigadzirwa Zvakabatana
-
EN 10219 S460MH ERW Simbi Pipe - Yakanyanya Kusimba...
-
EN 10219 S355JRH ERW Steel Pipe - Simba Rakanyanya ...
-
EN 10219 S355J2H ERW Simbi Pombi: Yakasimba ...
-
EN 10219 S275JRH ERW Steel Pipe - Simba Repakati ...
-
EN 10219 S235JRH ERW Simbi Pombi - Chinangwa Chakazara ...
-
EN 10217 P355GH ERW Simbi Pipe - Yakanyanya Kusimba...
-
EN 10217 P295GH ERW Simbi Pombi - Simba Rakanyanya ...
-
EN 10217 P265GH ERW Simbi Pipe - Kusimba Kwepakati...
-
EN 10217 P235GH ERW Simbi Pipe - Yepamusoro Temperatu...