DNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL Subsea Pipeline Steel Pipe: Kugona Kugadzira & Magadzirirwo Echigadzirwa

Tsananguro pfupi:

Womic Steel inopa pombi yesimbi yemhando yepamusoro yeDNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL (Yakanyudzwa Arc Welded Longitudinal) yekushandisa mapaipi epasi pegungwa nepamhenderekedzo yegungwa. L450 inopa simba rekugadzira re450 MPa (65,300 psi), yakaenzana neAPI 5L X65, pamwe nezvimwe zvinodiwa pakushandiswa pamhenderekedzo yegungwa zvinosanganisira kuomarara kwekuputika (CTOD), kuramba kudonha, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekuneta. Maitiro eSAWL (LSAW) anoshandisa UOE kana JCOE kugadzira nekuwedzera michina kuti awane kushivirira kwakasimba kwakakosha pakuisa mvura yakadzika. Dhayamita yekunze kubva pa219mm kusvika 1,220mm (8″ – 48″) yeUOE, ukobvu hwemadziro kubva pa6.0mm kusvika 40mm, kureba kusvika pa24m. Chitupa chemugayo chine EN 10204 3.2, 100% UT ine TOFD, hydro test, CTOD testing, DWTT, uye kutevedza kwakazara. Yakakodzera kutumirwa kwegasi mumvura yakadzika, nzira dzinoyerera pasi pegungwa, nzvimbo dzinokwira makomo dziri kunze kwenyika, uye mapaipi epakati pemunda.

Saizi yepombi yesimbi yeLSAW:Dhayamita yekunze: 219mm – 1,220mm (8″ – 48″) yeUOE; kusvika 1,600mm (63″) yeJCOE/plate yakakungurutswa, Ukobvu hwemadziro: 6.0mm – 40mm (UOE), kusvika 60mm yeJCOE, Kureba: 12m – 24m yakajairika

Standard & Grade yeLSAW Steel Pipe:DNV-OS-F101 L450 (yakaenzana neAPI 5L X65); zvakare L360, L415, L485 inowanikwa; pamwe nesarudzo yekuwedzera sour service

Kushandiswa kweLSAW Steel Pipe:Mapaipi ekutumira gasi mumvura yakadzika (kudzika kwemvura > 1,000m), nzira dzinoyerera mafuta negasi pasi pegungwa, nzvimbo dzinokwira gungwa (dzinoshanduka uye dzisingachinji), mapaipi epakati pemunda, mapaipi emapaipi, nzira dzinosvika pamhenderekedzo yegungwa (mapaipi anoyambuka nzvimbo yekushambira), kubatana kwemapuratifomu ekunze kwegungwa

Simbi yeWomic inopa mitengo yepamusoro uye inokwikwidzana yemapaipi esimbi eDNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL, mapaipi emugungwa, mapaipi eUOE offshore, mapaipi ane certification yeDNV. Chitupa chemugayo EN 10204 3.2, hydro test, UT/TOFD, CTOD, DWTT, beveled end, 3LPE/3LPP coating iripo. Kuwanikwa kwefekitori zvakananga kumapurojekiti eEPC offshore pasi rese.

Tumira email kwatiri Zvimiro zveChigadzirwa

Ruzivo rweChigadzirwa

Matagi eChigadzirwa

1. Simbi yeWomic: Kugona Kugadzira & Simba reKambani

Womic Steel Group ine mvumo yeDNV GL yekugadzira mapaipi eSAWL paDNV-OS-F101. Mutemo uyu une zvinodiwa zvakanyanya kupfuura API 5L yemapaipi ekunze kwenyika, zvinosanganisira:

● Kushivirirana kwakasimba (ovality ≤ 0.2% yeUOE, ≤ 0.3% yeJCOE)

● Kuyedzwa kwekusimba kwekutyoka kwetsandanyama (CTOD - Kubviswa kweCrack Tip Opening Displacement)

● Zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvesimba remagetsi (kazhinji 50J min pa -20°C)

● Miganhu yakasimba yekuoma kwesimbi (kazhinji ≤ 85 HRB yebasa rinonaka, ≤ 90 HRB kune risinganaki)

● Kunyatso tevera kubva paplate kusvika papombi yapera

● Ongororo yechitatu yakaitwa neDNV kana imwe sangano rinozivikanwa rekupa mapoka

Maitiro ekugadzira: UOE (inonyanya kushandiswa mumvura yakadzika nekuda kwekutenderera kwakanyanya uye kushushikana kwakaderera) uye JCOE. Mutsetse weUOE weWomic unosanganisira hydraulic O-press (6,000t) uye mechanical expander (72 segments) inosvika pakukwirira ±0.15%.

Kugona kwegore negore kweLSAW kwakasimbiswa neDNV:Matani zviuru makumi mana.

Kuchinjika Kwekugadzira kweDNV-OS-F101 L450:

● UOE: 508–1,220mm OD × 6.0–40.0mm WIT × ≤ 24m (inonyanya kufarirwa mumvura yakadzika)

● JCOE: 406–1,422mm OD × 6.0–50.8mm WIT × ≤ 18m (yemvura isina kudzika uye nzira dzegungwa)

● Mapaipi ese anogamuchira 100% UT pamwe neTOFD, hydrotest, uye CTOD testing sezvinodiwa.

2. DNV-OS-F101 L450: Kuumbwa kwezvinhu uye hunhu hwekushanda

DNV-OS-F101 L450 yakaenzana neAPI 5L X65 asi ine zvimwe zvinodiwa pakushandiswa kunze kwenyika. Chiratidzo che "L" chinoratidza pombi yemutsara, uye "450" ndiyo simba shoma rekupa simba muMPa.

Kuumbwa kweMakemikoro (yakanyanya % nehuremu, zvakajairika paL450):

Chinhu	DNV-OS-F101 L450 (yakajairika)	Basa reSour (sarudzo)
C	≤ 0.12 (kazhinji 0.06-0.10)	≤ 0.10
Mn	≤ 1.60	≤ 1.40
P	≤ 0.025	≤ 0.020
S	≤ 0.015	≤ 0.003
Si	≤ 0.45	0.20-0.40
Nb+V+Ti	≤ 0.12	≤ 0.10
CEV	≤ 0.43	≤ 0.40

Zvimiro zveMichina (Kupisa Kwemukamuri):

Pfuma	DNV-OS-F101 L450
Simba reKubereka (min)	450 MPa (65,300 psi)
Simba reKubereka (rakanyanya)	575 MPa (83,400 psi)
Simba reKusimba (miniti)	535 MPa (77,600 psi)
Kureba (miniti)	18% (yegeji ye50mm)
Kuoma (kwakanyanya) - kusavava	90 HRB
Kuoma (kwakanyanya) - basa rakaoma	85 HRB (yakajairika)

Zvinodiwa Pakusimba Kwekutyoka (DNV-OS-F101):

Bvunzo	Tembiricha	Kugamuchira
Charpy V-Notch (saizi yakazara)	0°C kana -20°C	Avhareji ≥ 50J, imwe chete ≥ 38J (yakajairika)
CTOD (simbi yeweld neHAZ)	-20°C kana pasi	δ ≥ 0.25mm (weld), δ ≥ 0.30mm (HAZ)
DWTT (yekuparadzira mapfupa akatyoka)	-20°C	Nzvimbo yekuchekerera ≥ 85%

Maitiro aya anoenderana neprojekiti. Womic inogona kukodzera zvinodiwa nevatengi.

3. Kutevedzera Dimensional Range & Standards

Chinhu	Tsanangudzo
Zvakajairika	DNV-OS-F101 (Offshore Standard) - SAWL mapaipi
Maitiro Ekugadzira	UOE (inosarudzwa), JCOE
Dhayamita Yekunze	508mm – 1,220mm (20″ – 48″) yeUOE; 406mm – 1,422mm yeJCOE
Ruvara rweMadziro	6.0mm – 40mm (UOE); kusvika 50.8mm (JCOE)
Hurefu hwehurefu	Zvakajairika: 12m, 18m, 24m (UOE); kusvika 18m (JCOE)
Kupedzisa Kupedzisa	Mugumo Wakachekwa (BE) paDNV-OS-F101
Kupedzisa Kwepamusoro	3LPE, 3LPP, FBE, kana isina chinhu (ine dziviriro yenguva pfupi yekuora)
Kushivirira (DNV)	OD: ±0.2% (UOE), ±0.5% (JCOE); Kureba kweOvality: ≤ 0.2% (UOE), ≤ 0.3% (JCOE); Kurema: -0% / +12.5% (yakaoma kupfuura API); Kureba: +50mm / -0mm

4. Zviyero & Magadzirirwo Anowanikwa - DNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL Steel Pipe

OD (mm)	Sarudzo dzeWT (mm)	Maitiro	Huremu hunenge (kg/m2)	Kureba Kwakajairwa	Chikumbiro Chakajairika cheOffshore
508	10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0	UOE	122.8 – 229.1	12m / 18m / 24m	Rukova rwemvura pasi pegungwa
610	12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4	UOE	184.2 – 366.2	12m / 18m / 24m	Mutsetse wekutengesa gasi kunze kwenyika
711	14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 28.0	UOE	240.7 – 471.7	12m / 18m	Chikwiriso chemvura yakadzika
813	16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 32.0	UOE/JCOE	314.4 – 616.2	12m / 18m	Kutumira kunze kwenyika kukuru
914	19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 38.0	JCOE	419.5 – 820.9	12m / 18m	Dhayamita hombe
1,016	22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0	JCOE	539.2 – 963.9	12m	Mvura yakadzika kwazvo
1,220	25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0	JCOE	748.4 – 1,164.6	12m	Hunde yemvura yakadzika

Kune mvura yakadzika (kudzika kwemvura > 1,000m), UOE inokurudzirwa zvikuru nekuda kwekutsungirira kwayo kusimba kweoval (≤ 0.2%). Kune mvura isina kudzika (< 500m), JCOE inogamuchirwa.

5. Mitemo Yakafanana Yemapaipi Epasi Pegungwa Ari Kunze Kwegungwa

Zvakajairika	Magiredhi eSimbi	Kushandiswa Kwakajairika
DNV-OS-F101	L360, L415, L450, L485	Mapaipi epasi pegungwa, zvinokwidza
API 5L PSL2	X52, X60, X65, X70	Kunze kwegungwa (zvisina kuoma zvakanyanya)
ISO 3183	L360, L415, L450, L485	Kunze kwenyika
NORSOK M-120	X65, X70	Mapombi epuratifomu yekunze kwenyika
BS 7191	L360, L450	Mapaipi eNorth Sea

Pfupiso yekushandiswa:Kutumira kunze gasi mumvura yakadzika, nzira dzemvura dziri pasi pegungwa, nzira dzinokwira nekudzika, nzira dzinosvika pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, mapaipi anoyambuka miganhu.

6. Maitiro Ekugadzira - UOE (Inosarudzwa) yeDNV-OS-F101 L450

DNV-OS-F101 inoda kudzora kwakasimba kupfuura API 5L. UOE ndiyo nzira inonyanya kufarirwa.

Matanho eUOE eMaitiro ePaipi yeOffshore:

1. Kuongorora ndiro- Kuongororwa kwelamination ye ultrasonic, kusimbiswa kwemakemikari, kudhonzwa uye kuyedzwa kweCharpy patembiricha dzakatarwa.

2. Kugaya kweEdge– J-bevel chaiyo (± 0.3mm) kuti ipinde zvakanaka panguva imwe chete.

3.Kudzvanya-U– 4,000t press inoita plate kuita U-shape.

4.Kudzvanya-O– 6,000t press inovhara kuita chimiro che cylindrical.

5. Kushongedza tambo- Zvishandiso zvenguva pfupi kuti zvirambe zvakaita.

6. Kushongedza kweSAW yemukati– Kupinza kupisa kunodzorwa (≤ 2.5 kJ/mm yeX65/L450).

7. Kubvisa musana– Muchina kana kuti mhepo, zvichiteverwa nekukuya.

8. Kushongedza kweOuter SAW- Kupasa kakawanda sezvinodiwa.

9. Kuwedzera kwemuchina– 72segment expander, 0.8-1.2% OD inowedzera. Inosvika pa ovality ≤ 0.2%.

10.100% UT neTOFD- Kuskena otomatiki kwehuwandu hwese hwe weld.

11. Kuedzwa kweHydrostatic– Pa DNV-OS-F101 (kazhinji 90-100% SMYS).

12. Kuongororwa kweCTOD– Pasimbi yakasungirirwa uye HAZ patembiricha yakatarwa (semuenzaniso, -20°C).

13.DWTT- Kudzora kupararira kwetsandanyama.

14. Kuongorora kwekupedzisira kwehukuru– OD, ovality, WT, kureba, kutwasuka.

15. Kuputira– 3LPE/3LPP inoiswa payadhi yakatsaurirwa.

Misiyano mikuru kubva kuAPI 5L yeDNV:

● Kureba kwechiuno (0.2% vs 0.5% yeAPI iri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa)

● CTOD inosungirwa (haidiwi neAPI 5L)

● Zvinodiwa zveCharpy zvepamusoro (kazhinji 50J vs 27J)

● Kudzora kuomarara kwakanyanya kwekushanda kwemushonga unovava

● Kunyatso tevera zvinhu zvine chekuita nekuongorora nzvimbo dzeuchapupu dzemuongorori

7. Kudzora Hunhu & Kuedzwa kweDNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL Pipe

Danho	Kuongorora	Chinodiwa cheDNV
Ndiro	Kuongorora Makemikari	Simbisa chimiro cheDNV-OS-F101
Ndiro	Kusimba	Goho ≥ 450 MPa, Kusimba ≥ 535 MPa
Ndiro	Charpy pa -20°C	≥ 50J avhareji, ≥ 38J imwe chete
Ndiro	Ultrasonic	Hapana machira anodarika zvinobvumidzwa
Welding	100% UT neTOFD	Skena vhoriyamu yese ye weld, nyora zvese zviratidzo
Welding	Kuongororwa kweX-ray (nzvimbo)	Kusimbiswa kwekuwedzera
Welding	Kuoma (weld, HAZ, BM)	≤ 90 HRB (isina kuvava) / ≤ 85 HRB (inovava)
Zvapera	Kuedzwa kweHydrostatic	90-100% SMYS, bata nguva zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa
Zvapera	CTOD (weld uye HAZ)	δ ≥ 0.25mm (weld), δ ≥ 0.30mm (HAZ) @ test temp
Zvapera	DWTT (kana zvichidikanwa)	Nzvimbo yekuchekerera ≥ 85%
Zvapera	Ongororo yehukuru	Zvakapupurirwa nemuongorori weDNV

Kuedzwa kwese kunoonekwa neDNV kana bato rechitatu rikasarudzwa nemutengi (SGS, BV, ABS). EN 10204 Chitupa cheRudzi 3.2 chakapihwa chitambi cheDNV.

8. Mashandisirwo Ekutanga - DNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL Steel Pipe

●Mapaipi ekutumira gasi mumvura yakadzika– Kutakura gasi rechisikigo kubva munzvimbo dzakadzika (> 1,000m) kuenda kunzvimbo dzekunze kwegungwa

● Nzira dzepasi pegungwa dzinoyerera mafuta negasi- Kubatanidza miti iri pasi pegungwa nemiti midiki uye nzvimbo dzinokwira

● Zvinokwidza zvine simba uye zvisingachinji- Zvikamu zvakamira kubva pasi pegungwa kusvika pachikuva (CTOD uye kuneta kwakakosha)

● Mapaipi epakati penhandare- Kubatanidza minda yakawanda munzvimbo imwe chete

● Nzira dzegungwa– Mapaipi anoyambuka nzvimbo dzemasaisai nedzinoyerera nemvura (anoda kuputirwa nekongiri uye kuputirwa nesimbi inorema)

● Mapaipi emapaipi- Mitsetse yakawanda mukati mepombi yekutakura (L450 semutakuri)

● Kubatana kwepuratifomu yekunze kwenyika- Kubatanidza mapaipi epuratifomu nemapaipi epasi pegungwa

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9. Kurongedza & Kutumira - DNV Offshore Pipe

Mapaipi anotumirwa nemidziyo yakapwanyika neDNV surveyor achiongorora mutoro. Pombi yega yega inotsigirwa neimwe neimwe nedunnage yematanda ine rabha. Zvivharo zvekupedzisira zvakagadzirwa nesimbi yakasungirirwa (kudzivirira kukuvara kwebevel). Mapaipi akaputirwa ane furo rekuwedzera. Magwaro anosanganisira mishumo yeongororo yeDNV uye MTC 3.2.

10. Mabhenefiti eSimbi yeWomic & Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa - DNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL Pipe

Sei Simbi yeWomic yeDNV Offshore Pipe?

● Mugadziri wemapaipi eSAWL akatenderwa neDNV GL

● Maitiro eUOE ane 6,000t O-press uye 72-segment expander - ovality ≤ 0.15%

● Kugona kuongororwa kweCTOD mukati memuchina (rabhoritari inobvumidzwa neCNAS)

● Nhoroondo yakakura yemabasa eNorth Sea, Brazil, neWest Africa

● Ongororo yevamwe vanhu inoitwa neDNV, ABS, BV, kana mumiriri wevatengi

● Kutevedzera zvizere DNV-OS-F101 (kusanganisira Annex A, B, D sezvinodiwa)

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa:

Mubvunzo: Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peDNV-OS-F101 L450 neAPI 5L X65 yepasi pegungwa?
A: DNV-OS-F101 yakanyorwa zvakananga nezvemapaipi ekunze kwenyika. Musiyano mukuru: kushivirira kwakasimba kweovality (0.2% vs 0.5%), kuyedzwa kwekusimba kwekupwanyika kweCTOD (hakudiwi neAPI 5L), zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zveCharpy impact (kazhinji 50J vs 27J), zvimwe zvinodiwa zvekudzivirira kudonha uye dhizaini yekuneta. Kune mapurojekiti emvura yakadzika, DNV ndiyo yakajairika inosarudzwa.

Mubvunzo: Munopa bvunzo dzeCTOD dzesimbi yesimbi yesimbi neHAZ here?
A: Ehe. Isu tinoita bvunzo dzeCTOD (Crack Tip Opening Displacement) zvichienderana neBS 7448 kana ASTM E1820. Tinogona kuyedza pa -20°C, -30°C, -46°C, kana sezvakatsanangurwa. Mhedzisiro yakajairika: weld metal δ ≥ 0.35mm, HAZ δ ≥ 0.40mm. Kuyedzwa kweCTOD kunoonekwa nemuongorori weDNV.

Mubvunzo: Munogona here kupa L450 yekushandira sour (H₂S)?
A: Ehe. Tinopa L450 sour service supplement zvichienderana neDNV-OS-F101 Annex A. Izvi zvinoda CEV yakaderera (≤ 0.40%), Mo addition (0.15-0.25%), PWHT, kuomarara ≤ 85 HRB, uye HIC/SSC testing. Takapa sour service L450 kumapurojekiti eNorth Sea neMiddle East ari kunze kwenyika.

Mubvunzo: Mvura inodzika sei iyo mapaipi ako anogona kutsungirira?
A: Kuramba kwemvura ichidonha kunoenderana nechiyero cheD/t (dhayamita/ukobvu hwemadziro), ovality, uye simba remugoho. Papombi yeL450 UOE yakajairika ine D/t = 30 (semuenzaniso, 610mm × 20mm) uye ovality 0.2%, kumanikidzwa kwemvura ichidonha kunodarika 30 MPa (yakaenzana nekudzika kwemvura kwe3,000m). Pamvura yakadzika, tinogona kugadzira madziro akakora kana ovality yakasimba. Ndapota ipai kudzika kwemvura yenyu uye kumanikidzwa kwedhizaini kuti muongorore kudonha.

Mubvunzo: Ongororo yeDNV inodiwa here pakutumira kwega kwega?
A: DNV-OS-F101 inoda kuti mugadziri ave nehurongwa hwemhando yepamusoro hwakatenderwa uye kuti kugadzirwa kuongororwe neDNV panzvimbo dzakatarwa dzeuchapupu (semuenzaniso, hydrostatic test, CTOD, dimensional inspection). Nzvimbo yeWomic inoongororwa gore rega rega neDNV. Paodha yega yega, tinoshandisa vaongorori veDNV kuti vaone bvunzo dzinodiwa. Tinogona zvakare kuronga ongororo yeABS, BV, kana LR kana mutengi akakumbira.

Q: Ndeipi nguva yakajairika yekupa pombi yeDNVcertified L450?
A: Mazuva 90-120, kusanganisira purogiramu yekuongorora DNV. Nguva yekutumira inoenderana nekuwanikwa kweplate (maplate eTMCP ekunze kwenyika ane nguva yakareba yekutumira, kazhinji mavhiki 10-14). Kuongororwa kweCTOD kunowedzera mavhiki 2-3. Kune maodha akadzokororwa ane maplate akagadziriswa kare, nguva yekutumira inogona kuderedzwa kusvika mazuva 60-75.

Chirevo cheProjekti - Mapaipi eKutumira Gasi muWest Africa Deepwater (Gulf of Guinea)

Nyika:Nzvimbo yemuganhu weNigeria / Equatorial Guinea (Gulf of Guinea)
Standard & Giredhi:DNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL (UOE) ine sour service supplement
Zviyero & Huwandu:

l OD 610mm (24″) × Huremu 20.6mm – 52,000 metres (anenge matani 13,500) yakagadzirwa neUOE process

l OD 610mm (24″) × Huremu 25.4mm – 8,000 metres (anenge matani 2,500) yakagadzirwa neUOE process (riser section uye shore approach)
Huwandu:Mamita 60,000 (makiromita 60), matani angangoita 16,000

Magadzirirwo:Kuvhara kwekunze kwe3LPE (3.2mm) nekongiri inorema (60mm, density 3,050 kg/m³) kuti isatsvedze. Migumo yakatsetseka 30°/1.6mm. Kuedza kwemvura pa25.0 MPa (dhizaini yekumanikidza 18.0 MPa). Kudzika kwemvura: 800-1,400m. Kumanikidzwa Charpy pa -20°C (min 50J, yakawanikwa 120-180J). CTOD pa -20°C: simbi ye weld ≥ 0.25mm, HAZ ≥ 0.30mm (yakawanikwa 0.40-0.65mm). DWTT pa -20°C: nzvimbo yekuchekerera ≥ 85% (yakawanikwa 90-98%). Ovality ≤ 0.2% (UOE yakawanikwa 0.08-0.15%). Kuomarara ≤ 85 HRB (sour service). HIC paNACE TM0284: CLR 0%, CTR 0%, CSR 0%. SSC paNACE TM0177: hapana kutsemuka. 100% UT neTOFD, pamwe ne25% RT. Ongororo yechitatu yakaitwa neDNV GL panguva yekugadzira.

Kushandiswa:Pombi yekuburitsa gasi mumvura yakadzika inotakura gasi rechisikigo kubva kuminda iri pedyo negungwa (kudzika kwemvura 800-1,400m) kuenda kunzvimbo yeLNG iri pedyo negungwa. Pombi iyi ine makiromita makumi matanhatu inosanganisira chikamu chikuru chemvura yakadzika (52 km, 20.6mm WT), chikamu chinokwira nekudzika (4 km, 25.4mm WT), uye nzira yekuenda kumahombekombe kuburikidza nenzvimbo yekushambira (4 km, 25.4mm WT ine kongiri). Gasi iri rine trace H₂S (5-10 ppm) uye CO₂ (3-5%), zvinoda hunyanzvi hwebasa rayo.

Matambudziko ehunyanzvi nemhinduro:

1. Kudzivirira kudonha kwemvura yakadzika (kudzika kwemvura 1,400m)– Kumanikidzwa kwekunze kwehydrostatic pa1,400m kunenge 14.3 MPa. Kumanikidzwa kwekudonha kunodiwa nesafety factor i> 25 MPa. Womic yakagadzira pombi ye24″ × 20.6mm UOE ine D/t = 29.6. Tichishandisa maitiro eUOE, takawana ovality ye0.08-0.12% (pasi pemuganhu weDNV we0.2%). Takaita finite element analysis (FEA) uye full-scale collapse pressure testing pasampuli mbiri. Collapse pressure yakawanikwa: 27.8 MPa uye 28.5 MPa - zvese zviri pamusoro pezvinodiwa.

2. Kusimba kweCTOD pakupwanyika kwesimba rinosimudzira dhijitari– Chikamu chinokwidza mvura chinosangana nekuneta kunokonzerwa nekufamba kwemidziyo yeropa nemafungu. DNV inoda kuongororwa kweCTOD pa -20°C. Womic yakaita CTOD pasimbi yeweld neHAZ pamapaipi e25.4mm WT. Mhedzisiro: simbi yeweld δ = 0.42-0.55mm, HAZ δ = 0.48-0.65mm. Takapawo ma SN fatigue curves egirth weld kuti tibatsire mushandisi kuongorora hupenyu hwekuneta.

3. Basa remushonga une trace H₂S– Kunyange zvazvo huwandu hweH₂S hwakaderera (5-10 ppm), chirongwa ichi chaida hunyanzvi hwese hwekushanda hwakakora nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya (18 MPa) uye njodzi yekuora kwenzvimbo. Womic akashandisa mapurati esulfur akaderera (S ≤ 0.0010%), CEV ≤ 0.38%, Mo addition 0.20%, uye PWHT pa580°C kwemaawa 1.5. Kuoma mushure mePWHT: base metal 78-82 HRB, weld 80-85 HRB. Miedzo yeHIC neSSC yakapasa pasina kutsemuka.

4. Kuvhara huremu hwekongiri uye kuenderana kwe3LPE– Chikamu chekusvika pamhenderekedzo chaida kufukidza huremu hwekongiri (60mm, yakasimbiswa nesimbi) kuti pasi pagadzike. Kuvhara kongiri kwakaiswa pamusoro pe3LPE nechinhu chinosunga. Womic yakabatana neyadhi yekuisa kongiri muAngola. Takapa makuponi ekuyedza ekubatanidza uye kuyedza kukanganiswa. Kuvhara kongiri kwakapasa bvunzo yekudonha (1m kudonha, pasina kutsemuka).

5. Kuenderana kwekuisa reel-lay– Pombi iyi yakaiswa uchishandisa nzira yekudzika maburi (yakaiswa pamusoro pemudziyo wereel). Izvi zvinoda kudzora kutenderera kwemazinga ekunze (≤ 0.2%) uye kureba kwekusimbisa kweweld ≤ 0.5mm. Kutenderera kwemazinga ekunze kwakadzorwa nemadzimai kusvika pa0.08-0.15% uye kudzika kweweld caps kusvika pakukwirira kwe ≤ 0.3mm. Takaita mitambo gumi yekuenzanisa kutenderera kwese kwese papombi yekuyedza - pasina kutsemuka kana kuora kwemazinga ekunze.

6. Ongororo yeDNV nemagwaro– Vaongorori veDNV vakaona kuyedzwa kwemvura, CTOD, HIC, SSC, uye kuongororwa kwemativi ega ega. Womic yakapa dosi remhando yepamusoro rine mapeji 1,500 (kusanganisira mishumo yese yebvunzo, machati ePWHT, magwaro eUT, uye kusaina kwevaongorori) mukati memavhiki mana ekutumira. Dosi rakagamuchirwa pasina mibvunzo.

7. Mhedzisiro:Pombi iyi yakaiswa zvinobudirira mukota yechipiri ya2025 uchishandisa chikepe cheDeep Constructor. Hapana kutadza kwemuviri wepombi kana weld seam kwakaitika panguva yekuongorora, kuisa, kana kuyedzwa mushure mekuiswa. Maneja wepurojekiti yemutengi akati: "Kudzora kweOvality kwaWomic uye mhedzisiro yeCTOD zvakapfuura zvataitarisira. Mapombi akasungirirwa nguva dzose mumunda ne98% yekugamuchirwa kwekutanga." Womic Steel ikozvino iri pane runyorwa rwevatengesi vakatenderwa kune mamwe mapurojekiti maviri ekuwedzera gasi mumvura yakadzika muWest Africa.

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Womic Steel – Mubatsiri wako wakavimbika wemapaipi esimbi eDNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL ekutengesera kunze gasi mumvura yakadzika, nzira dzemvura dziri pasi pegungwa, uye masisitimu emvura ari kunze kwenyika pasi rese.

Yakapfuura: ASTM A500 Giredhi C LSAW Simbi Pombi: Kugona Kugadzira & Magadzirirwo Echigadzirwa

Zvinotevera: EN 10219 S355JRH LSAW Simbi Pombi: Kugona Kugadzira & Magadzirirwo Echigadzirwa