1. Pfupiso yeChigadzirwa - Chii chinonzi Metallurgical Bonded Seamless Clad Pipe?
Asimbi yakabatana yakasungwa musono yakapfeka pombi(inozivikanwawo sechubhu yakapfekwa nesimbi isina musonokanaPombi isina musono yakagadzirwa neCRA) ichubhu ine composite inoshanda zvakanyanya inogadzirwa nekubatanidza zvachosechikamu chemukati chinodzivirira ngura (CRA)kunesimba rakawanda / rinodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya kana simbi ye alloykuburikidza nemaitiro ekubatanidza simbi. Kusiyana nepombi dzakagadzirwa nemakanika, zvikamu zviviri izvi zvinoumba nzvimbo yekupararira kweatomu panzvimbo inopindirana - zvichibvisa zvachose njodzi dzekuputsika kwe liner, kusviba, kukwenya, kana kupatsanurwa pasi pekupisa kana kumanikidzwa kwemhepo.
Misanganiswa mitatu yemapaipi akaputirwa kubva mubvunzurudzo yakataurwa inomiririra mamiriro matatu akasiyana ebasa rinoda kushanda:
● Musanganiswa 1: P265GH + TP304L– Simbi yekuseri: EN10216-2 P265GH (mudziyo wekumanikidza / giredhi rebhoyira). Chifukidziro chemukati: 304L simbi isingatsvi. Yakakodzera kushandiswa pakupisa kwepamusoro-soro (≤450°C) senge mapombi ebhoyira, machinji ekupisa, uye mapaipi emakemikari uko kune steam uye zvinopisa zvishoma.
●Musanganiswa wechipiri: X10CrMoVNb9-1 + UNS N08028– Simbi inotsigirwa: Simbi yeT91 martensitic inodzivirira kupisa (X10CrMoVNb9-1). Chifukidziro chemukati: Alloy 28 (UNS N08028, alloy ine Mo/Cu austenitic yakakwira). Musanganiswa uyu unoramba uripo.tembiricha kusvika 650°Cuku ichiramba kurwiswa nechloride yakawanda, H₂S, uye organic acid. Inoshandiswa muzvikamu zve superheater / reheater mumaboilers e super supercritical uye mumayuniti e petrochemical anoparadza zvakanyanya.
●Musanganiswa 3: P265GH + UNS N08825– Simbi yekumashure: P265GH. Kuvhara kwemukati: Incoloy 825 (nickel iron chromium alloy ine Mo, Cu, Ti). Incoloy 825 inodzivirira zvakanyanya kuoxidizing nekuderedza acids, uye inonyanya kukodzeraH₂S / CO₂ / sevhisi ine chloride yakawandanzira dzinoyerera mafuta negasi, machubhu ekudzikisa pasi, uye zvinochinja-chinja kupisa zvine simba repamusoro / tembiricha yakakwira.
Zvigadzirwa zvese zvitatu zvinogadzirwa uchishandisamaitiro ekubatanidza simbi asina musono, kubvisa misono ye weld yakareba iyo iri nzvimbo dzisina kusimba mumapombi akasungirirwa.
2. Zvakanakira Hunyanzvi Hwakakosha
| Zvakanakira | Tsananguro |
| Chisungo chechokwadi chesimbi | Simba rekuchekerera reinterface ≥300 MPa, rinodarika zvinodiwa neAPI 5LD. Hapana kukwenya, kuputsika, kana kuputsika kana paine thermal cycling. |
| Kuvaka kusina musono | Zvese zviri zviviri simbi yekumashure neCRA cladding hazvina musono - hapana musono we weld weld weld, wakanakira kushandiswa kwehydrogen negasi rinopisa. |
| Kubatanidza zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nenzira yakarongeka | Sarudzo dzakasiyana-siyana dzesimbi dzinotsigira (simbi yekabhoni kusvika kuT91) uye CRA claddings (304L kusvika ku nickel alloys) dzakafanana nengura, tembiricha uye zvinodiwa pakumanikidzwa. |
| Hupfumi hwepamusoro | Chiumbwa chinodhura chinoshandiswa chete kana zvinhu zvaoma; mutengo wezvinhu zvose wakaderera ne30-60% pane pombi yakasimba yeCRA ine chiyero chakafanana chekumanikidzwa. |
| Kunyatsoteverwa uye magwaro | EN 10204 Zvitupa zvemhando 3.1/3.2, mishumo yakazara yekuyedza yemakemikari, yemakanika, yeNDT uye yehydrostatic. |
| Kushanda kwakaratidzwa mumunda | Inopihwa kumafekitori emagetsi akasiyana-siyana, mafekitori ekuchenesa, uye mapurojekiti ekunze kwenyika pasi rese. Kupedzisa kwakagadzirirwa kusungirirwa kwemunda kusina matambudziko. |
3. Tsanangudzo Dzakadzama - Musanganiswa Mitatu Yekutsanangura (Zvichibva Pakubvunza Chaiko)
| Paramita | Musanganiswa 1 | Musanganiswa 2 | Musanganiswa 3 |
| Simbi Inotsigira (Yekunze) | EN10216-2 TC2 P265GH | X10CrMoVNb9-1 (T91) | EN10216-2 TC2 P265GH |
| OD yekunze × Uzito (mm) | 63.5 × 4.88 | 60.3 × 5.18 | 63.5 × 4.71 |
| Kufukidza kweCRA (Mukati) | SA-213M TP304L | UNS N08028 (Alloy 28) | UNS N08825 (Incoloy 825) |
| OD yemukati × Huremu (mm) | 53.7 × 1.65 | 49.9 × 2.32 | 54.1 × 1.82 |
| Kureba Kumwe Chete (m) | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Huremu hweChikamu (kg/m2) | 10.32 | 10.98 | 10.30 |
| Maitiro Akajairika | Chitofu chekupisa chemubhoyira chine tembiricha yakaderera, chinochinja kupisa kwemakemikari | Chikamu chebhaira chinopisa zvakanyanya, chinoparadza zvakanyanya mapombi epetrochemical | Mapaipi emafuta/gasi akaora, zvinochinja-chinja kupisa zvine simba guru / tembiricha yakakwira |
Zviyero zviri pamusoro apa zvakavakirwa pakubvunza kwechokwadi kwevatengi. Womic Steel inogona kugadzira misanganiswa iyi seyakajairwa kana kugadzirisa zviyero uye kushivirira zvichienderana nemifananidzo yevatengi.
4. Kunyura Zvakadzika Mukati
4.1 Simbi Inotsigira (Rutivi rweKunze)
EN10216-2 TC2 P265GH
●Mutsetse:EN10216-2 (Machubhu esimbi asina musono ekushandisa pakumanikidza). TC2 = Chikamu cheMuedzo 2 (chinosanganisira kuyedza kusingaparadze).
● Kuumbwa kwemakemikari kwakafanana ne:ASTM A106 Gr.B / A516 Gr.60.
● Kureba kwekupisa:-10°C kusvika 450°C (kwenguva refu).
● Zvinhu zvikuru:Kugona kuchinjika zvakanaka, kugona kuchinjika, uye kusimba kwekupisa kuri pakati nepakati. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pamachubhu ebhoyira, midziyo yekumanikidza, uye zvinochinja-chinja kupisa.
X10CrMoVNb9-1 (T91 / P91)
● Zvakajairika:ASTM A213 T91 (chubhu isina musono) / A335 P91 (pombi).
● Zvivako zvidiki:Simbi inodzivirira kupisa yeMartensitic (9%Cr, 1%Mo, V, Nb).
● Kureba kwekupisa:Kusvika 650°C.
● Zvinhu zvikuru:Simba rakanaka kwazvo rekukwira, kuramba kuoxidation, uye kuramba ngura yemhepo pakupisa kwakanyanya. Chinhu chinodiwa pakushandisa machubhu ekupisa uye ekudzoreredza mvura mumaboilers ane simba guru.
4.2 CRA Cladding (Rutivi rwemukati)
SA-213M TP304L
● Zvakajairika:ASME SA-213 (Boiler yesimbi isina musono, superheater uye machubhu ekuchinjana kupisa).
● Hunhu:Simbi isina ngura ine kabhoni shoma. Hapana kusimba mushure mekuwedera. Inodzivirira ngura zvakanaka uye oxidation.
● Muganho:Hazvina kukodzera nzvimbo dzine chloride yakawanda kana dzinoderedza acid zvakanyanya. Zvinoshandiswa patembiricha iri ≤450°C.
UNS N08028 (Alloy 28)
● Musanganiswa wezita:28%Cr, 31%Ni, 3.5%Mo, 1%Cu.
● Kudzivirira ngura:Yakanaka kwazvo mu sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, ma chloride akawanda, uye nzvimbo dzeH₂S. PREN = 38-40.
● Mashandisirwo:Nzvimbo ine chloride yakawanda, sulfuric acid inoshanda, uye gasi rinonaka.
UNS N08825 (Incoloy 825)
● Musanganiswa wezita:42%Ni, 21%Cr, 3%Mo, 2.5%Fe, pamwe neCu, Ti.
● Kudzivirira ngura:Yakanaka kwazvo mukuita kuti ioxidize uye kuderedza maasidhi. Inodzivirira zvakanyanya H₂S, CO₂, chlorides, sulfuric uye phosphoric acids.
● Mashandisirwo:Matangi emvura inovava yemafuta negasi, nzira dzinoyerera pasi pegungwa, makemikari anogadzirwa nekupisa kwakanyanya, zvinhu zvinochinja-chinja kupisa.
5. Maitiro Ekugadzira - Kubatana Kwesimbi Kusina Musono
Womic Steel inopa mapaipi akasungwa nesimbi asina musono achishandisa nzira dzakasimbiswa pasi rose.kukanda kwecentrifugal + kupisa + kudhirowa kunotonhora / kutenderera kunotonhoranzira:
1. Kukanda kweCRA layer pakati peCentrifugal– Chiumbwa chinodzivirira ngura (semuenzaniso, 304L, Alloy 28, Incoloy 825) chinotanga chagadzirwa nepakati kuti chigadzire rin'i yemukati/chubhu isina chinhu.
2. Kuungana kwakabatana & kupisa kunopisa– Chibato chesimbi chekunze chinounganidzwa nechubhu yemukati yeCRA, chobva chaburitswa pamwe chete pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kumanikidzwa. Chisungo chesimbi chinoumbwa pakati pezvikamu zviviri kuburikidza nekupararira kwemaatomu.
3. Kudhirowa kunotonhora / kutenderedzwa kunotonhora- Kupfuura kwakawanda kunoderedza dhayamita neukobvu hwemadziro kusvika pachiyero chaicho chekupedzisira uku uchinatsa chimiro chezviyo uye uchivimbisa kunaka kwenzvimbo yacho.
4. Kurapa kupisa– Maitiro ekugadzirisa kupisa akagadzirirwa (kugadzirisa, kuchenesa, kunyorovesa) anoshandiswa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvesimbi yekumashure uye CRA cladding.
5. Kuedzwa Kusingaparadze (NDT)- Kuongororwa kwe100% kwe bond interface uye full pipe body; kuongororwa kwe eddy current kuti uone kana paine zvikanganiso pamusoro.
6. Pedzisa kupedzisa– Kugadzirira bevel pamufananidzo wemutengi. CRA bota (strip cladding) pamusoro pebevel iripo kudzivirira kusanganiswa kwemvura uye kuona kuti weld yegirth haipindi ngura.
7. Kuongorora kwekupedzisira & magwaro- Kutarisa mativi, kuongorora nemaziso, kuyerwa kwekuoma. Dosi remhando yepamusoro raunganidzwa.
6. Mashandisirwo Akajairika & Mareferensi eProjekiti
✅ Mapaneru eMachubhu eBoiler eChivako cheMagetsi
●Chinodiwa:Zvikamu zve superheater/reheater zvinopisa zvakanyanya zvinofanira kuramba kuoxidation yemhepo (zvinoda T91) uye zvinodzivisawo ngura ye flue gas dew-point corrosion (zvinoda CRA inner layer).
● Mhinduro:X10CrMoVNb9-1 (T91) + UNS N08028 (Alloy 28). Inopa simba rekukwira kwe650°C + dziviriro yemukati mengura.
● Tsanangudzo:Kutsiva heater muchina we1000MW ultra-supercritical muChina; kushanda kwakasimba kupfuura makore matatu.
✅ Zvikamu zvePetrochemical Hydroprocessing
● Chinodiwa:Kushandiswa kwemhepo ine simba repamusoro / tembiricha yepamusoro neH₂S, NH₃, Cl⁻, nedzimwe mhando dzesimbi dzinoparadza. Simbi isingasvibi yakajairika ine maburi uye SCC.
● Mhinduro:Pombi yakaputirwa yeP265GH + Incoloy 825. Simbi inodzosera shure inopa simba; Incoloy 825 inopa kudzivirira ngura zvakakwana.
● Tsanangudzo:Chigadziko chechubhu chinochinja-chinja kupisa cheyuniti yekubvisa sulfurization muShandong refinery. Kuderedzwa kwemutengo ne45% zvichienzaniswa nechubhu ye alloy nickel yakasimba.
✅ Mitsetse Yekuunganidza Mafuta Akasvinwa & Gasi
● Chinodiwa:Nzvimbo ine gasi reH₂S/CO₂ rakawanda pamhenderekedzo yegungwa rinoda kuramba kushanda kwakaoma uye kusimba kwakanaka pakupisa kwakaderera.
● Mhinduro:P265GH (kusimba kwakanaka kwekupisa kwakaderera) + Incoloy 825 kana Alloy 28 cladding.
● Tsanangudzo:Kuunganidza mapaipi emapazi mubhuroko rine sarufa yakawanda kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweChina. Makore maviri ari kushanda pasina kukanganisa kwengura mukati.
7. Kudzora Hunhu & Chitupa
| Chinhu Chekuongorora | Maitiro / Standard | Chikamu |
| Kuumbwa kwemakemikari | OES / spectrometer yekuverenga zvakananga | Pakupisa - ongororo yakasiyana yesimbi yekumashure uye CRA cladding |
| Zvivako zvekusunga | Tembiricha iri pakati nepakati + yakakwira (sarudzo) | Mienzaniso yerefu kubva padanho rega rega |
| Kusimba kwemhedzisiro | Charpy V notch (-20°C kana -40°C) | Simbi inotsigirwa |
| Simba rekuchekerera reInterfacial | Bvunzo rekusundidzira (≥300 MPa) | Muenzaniso mumwe chete pabatch imwe chete yekugadzira |
| Kuoma | HV / HRB / Leeb | Nzvimbo yekubatanidza uye simbi inotsigirwa |
| Kuedzwa kweUltrasonic | Mafungu erefu uye ekuchekerera (100%) | Kuvimbika kwezvisungo, kuvharika, zvikanganiso zvemukati |
| Kubuda kwemvura inoyerera / kubuda kwemvura inoyerera | Hurefu hwakazara | Zvikanganiso pamusoro nepadhuze nepamusoro |
| Kuedzwa kwemvura | 1.5 × dhizaini yekumanikidzwa | Chubhu yega yega |
| Kuora kwepakati pegranular (sarudzo) | ASTM A262 Dzidzira E (ye304L) | Sezvakakumbirwa |
| Saizi yezviyo (sarudzo) | ASTM E112 (yekufukidza jira re austenitic) | Sezvakakumbirwa |
Magwaro Emhando Yepamusoro:EN 10204 Rudzi 3.1 (yakajairwa) kana Rudzi 3.2 (ine chapupu chechitatu chakabvumidzwa). Kuongororwa kwebato rechitatu (SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, ABS, LR) kunogona kurongwa.
8. Kurongedza & Kutumira
●Dziviriro pamusoro:Oiri inodzivirira ngura kunze; mukati mayo makavharwa negasi renitrogen.
●Dziviriro yekupedzisira:Zvivharo zvepurasitiki kana zvesimbi kudzivirira kukuvara kwemuchina uye kupinda kwemarara.
●Kubatanidza:Mapaketi ane mabhora matanhatu kana kuti mativi mana ane tambo dzesimbi; matanda anopatsanurana pakati pezvikamu kuti asabatane nesimbi.
●Kudzora hunyoro:Mabhegi etarpaulin asingapindi mvura + edesiccant ari mukati mekuputira, akakodzera kutakurwa mugungwa.
●Kumaka:Chubhu yega yega yakanyorwa zvakajeka nenhamba yekupisa, zvirevo, giredhi rezvinhu, uye urefu. Rondedzero yekurongedza uye magwaro emhando yepamusoro zvinosanganisirwa.
●Kurodha maports:Shanghai, Tianjin, Qingdao (zviteshi zvikuru zveChina). Kutumirwa nemudziyo wakajairika (20'/40'), rack yakatsetseka, kana ngarava yekutakura zvinhu.
9. Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa (Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa)
Mubvunzo 1: Ndeupi musiyano mukuru uripo pakati pepombi yakasungwa zvisina musono yakabatana nesimbi uye pombi yakasungirirwa nemechanically?
A: Mupombi yakasungirirwa nesimbi, chinongedzo chinoumba chisungo chekupararira kweatomu (simba rekuchekerera ≥300 MPa). Izvi zvinobvisa zvachose kukwenya, kuputsika kana kupatsanurwa kwemuchina, izvo zvinowanzo kuve njodzi dzepombi dzakasungirirwa nemechanically pasi pekupisa kana kumanikidzwa kwemhepo.
Mubvunzo wechipiri: Sei uchishandisa T91 (X10CrMoVNb9-1) pane kushandisa P91 sechikamu chekunze?
A: T91 neP91 zvine makemikari akafanana. T91 ndiyo nzira yekuisa chubhu isina musono (inoshandiswa pakuisa chubhu dzeboiler dzine dhayamita diki, semuenzaniso, makombama esuperheater), ukuwo P91 ichishandiswa pakuisa chubhu dzine dhayamita hombe. T91 ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekugadzira makombama esuperheater nereheater.
Mubvunzo wechitatu: Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peUNS N08028 (Alloy 28) neUNS N08825 (Incoloy 825)?
A: Alloy 28 ine Cr, Mo neCu yakakwira, ichipa simba rekudzivirira sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid nenzvimbo dzine chloride yakawanda (PREN 38-40). Incoloy 825 ine nickel yakawanda, zvichiita kuti irambe yakasimba pakuderedza acids uye hydrofluoric acid. Kazhinji inodhura zvishoma. Kuti uwane ongororo chaiyo yepakati, bvunza timu yeinjiniya yeWomic Steel.
Mubvunzo wechina: Pombi yakavharirwa yeP265GH + TP304L inogona kushandiswa here pachikamu chekupisa kwakaderera chebhoyira?
A: Ehe. P265GH inopa simba rakanaka pakupisa uye kugona kuchinjika, nepo 304L inodzivirira ngura kubva kumhepo ine flue gas condensate (ine sulphurous acid). Zvinokurudzirwa kuvhara magumo echubhu mushure mekuyedzwa kwe hydrostatic kudzivirira ngura isati yagadzirwa.
Mubvunzo 5: Munogona here kupa zvitupa zveEN 10204 Type 3.2 uye kupupura kwevanhu vechitatu?
A: Hongu. Womic Steel yagara ichishandira pamwe neSGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, ABS neLR. Tinogona kuronga kupupura bvunzo dzevamwe (semuenzaniso, tensile, UT) uye kupa zvitupa zveType 3.2.
Mubvunzo wechitanhatu: Ndeipi nguva yakajairika yekutumira iyi misanganiswa yepombi dzakaputirwa?
A: Kune vanotanga kuodha zvinhu zvakajairwa, kutumirwa kunowanzo kuve kwemazuva 60-90 (kusanganisira kutenga zvinhu, kuburitsa zvinhu zvakasanganiswa, kupedzisa zvinhu zvinotonhora uye kuyedzwa). Kune vatove vakagadzirwa nehuwandu hwakawanda (semuenzaniso, P265GH+TP304L), nguva yekutungamira inogona kuderedzwa kusvika mazuva 45-60.
10. Bata Womic Steel – Mugadziri weMapaipi Ako Akapfeka Clad
Kana muine zvinodiwa zvakafanana nemubvunzo wepombi yakaputirwa wakaratidzwa pamusoro apa - kana chero chimwe chinhu chekunze / chemukati - ndapota taurai neWomic Steel kuti muwane chikumbiro chehunyanzvi uye mutengo webhajeti.
Webhusaiti: www.womicsteel.com
E-mail: sales@womicsteel.com
Nhare / WhatsApp / WeChat:
Victor: +86 15575100681
Jack: +86 18390957568
Simbi yeWomic – Mhinduro dzemapaipi e316L dzakagadzirwa kuti dzishandiswe seCO₂ service, boiler, heat exchanger, tembiricha yakaderera, uye tembiricha yepamusoro.
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